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files (10)instructionsforassigment.docx
AsAminU.S.-OrientalismtheCooliesandChineseExclusion-1.pptx
NatAminUS-TheU.S.andIndianCountry-1.pptx
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- AAinU.S.CivilRightstoBLM-1.pptx
- RacialFormation21-RaceandLatinos-1.pdf
- RacialFormation21-WhiteSupremacyandNativeresistance-1.pdf
- Latino_a_Thought_Culture_Politics_and_Society_----_Chapter_11_Queer_AztlC3A1n_The_Reformation_of_Chicano_Tribe-1.pdf
- The_Latino_Threat_Constructing_Immigrants_Citizens..._----_1._The_Latino_Threat_Narrative-1.pdf
- roxanne-dunbarortiz-IndianCountry-1.pdf
instructionsforassigment.docx
For this final paper, I want you think about all the issues discussed over the semester and think of ways that the various communities that we have covered are affected by White Supremacy, Racism, and/or Racial disenfranchisement. You will then discuss how a central issue like:
· poverty
· educational inequality
· slavery/labor and work exploitation
· housing segregation/and theft
· food insecurity
· environmental discrimination/exposure to toxic living conditions
· gender violence [sexual assault, intimate partner violence, murdered/missing women]
· mass incarceration/hyperpolicing
· mass deportation/immigration
· misrepresentation in media
affect two or more Communities of Color (African American, Asian American, Native American, and Latinx/Chicanx groups) interconnectedly. You will also share how the course has helped you better understand concepts like Race/Racialization/Racism/Xenophobia/Racial Discrimination/White Supremacy. Respond to the following questions in a 3+ paragraph essay.
· How has course materials reviewed this semester helped you better understand Race/Racialization/Racism/Xenophobia/Racial Discrimination/White Supremacy?
· How are various Communities of Color affected by one major social issue outline in the list above?
· Share how at least two different Communities of Color are impacted by one of the aforementioned social issues
To complete the assignment, you will need to write a multiparagraph essay (intro, body, and conclusion) where you respond to the above questions. You will also need to incorporate SIX course references (3 from assigned readings/3 from lecture slides) in your responses to receive full credit.
Format
Structure (3+ paragraph):
· Intro- briefly describe how the course has helped you better understand Race/Racialization/Racism/Xenophobia/Racial Discrimination/White Supremacy and the central issue facing the Communities of Color your choosing to focus on
· Body- respond to the two questions above in detail while incorporating information from your sources (6 total
· Conclusion- summarize what you wrote in your body paragraphs and share any final thoughts
Other requirements
-Times New Roman/12pt font
-1” margins
-500 words/2pgs
-double spaced
Grading Rubric
10points possible:
2 pts for grammar/syntax/writing
Make sure that your paper is well written, using appropriate language, with minimal typos or other issues.
6 pts for sources and appropriate use course information
You will need to include 3 references for each response.
· You will need to appropriately cite this information following MLA standards
· For more information on MLA:
https://lbcc.libguides.com/citation_stylesLinks to an external site.
https://style.mla.orgLinks to an external site.
2 pts for structure and flow of the essay
You will write a multi-paragraph essay following this format
· Structure:
· Paragraph 1:intro
· Paragraph 2:body with responses to the questions above
· Paragraph 3:conclusion
Your paper will need a general flow that is readable and shows that you have a good grasp of the concept and course materials
AsAminU.S.-OrientalismtheCooliesandChineseExclusion-1.pptx
Asian Americans in the U.S.
Orientalism, the Coolies, and Chinese Exclusion
ETHST 1
Dr. Frank Pérez
Lecture Layout
What We'll Cover
Asian Americans and Race
Constructing Orient/Oriental/Orientalism
Western Imperialism in Asian
Coolies
The Rise of Yellow Peril
Chinese Exclusion Act
Key Term:
Orientalism: a way of seeing that imagines, emphasizes, exaggerates and distorts differences of Arab and Asian peoples and cultures as compared to that of Europe and the U.S. It often involves seeing Arab culture as exotic, backward, uncivilized, and at times dangerous.
Asian Americans and Race
Asians, like other non-white communities, were ascribed a race (and color) to show their distinctness from Europeans
Interactions between Europe, the U.S., and Asian countries and societies motivated this classification to place Asians within the continuum of race
Theories about pologenesis emgerged to explain physical differences between Anglos and non-whites
(Right) depictions of preadamite peoples, those that came before Adam [biblical] and map showing the colored make-up of the world
Constructing Orient/Orientals/Orientalism
Asian communities endured the same racializing process as other Communities of Color
Asian scholars describe the unique type of racialization they faced as Orientalism
"Orientalism” is a way of seeing that imagines, emphasizes, exaggerates and distorts differences of Arab and Asian peoples and cultures as compared to that of Europe and the U.S. It often involves seeing Arab culture as exotic, backward, uncivilized, and at times dangerous.
This unique form of racialization provided western powers with the justification to make war, capture land and resources, and exploit peoples within and from these regions
Western Imperialism in Asia
After many of the Colonies in the Americas liberated themselves, the U.S. and European empires sought to establish new colonial relationships with the Asia
UK wanted goods and to trade opium thereby creating an addicted colonial relationship with China/Asia
U.S. wanted to sell railroads and technology to modernize the East and import in workers
End of slavery brought new challenges with finding exploitable workers
Coolies
Coolie Labor System emerges to supplant the African Slavery systems across the U.S. and the West
Coolie derived from the Hindu word for laborer/laborer class
Poor Chinese immigrants came as indentured servants (under exploitative contracts) to work in the us, taking jobs that many Americans didn't want to do
Agriculture
Building railroads
Mining
Laundry services
Running opium dens
Domestic labor
These workers endured similar conditions as African/African American slaves and were seen as inferior and suitable exploitable labor for similar reasons
The rise of Yellow Peril
In the late 19th century (1800s), there was growing anti Asian sentiment and Coolies were becoming the next Race "problem"
Growing in numbers
Many were making it economically
Competition over jobs and space that racial tensions high
Eventually racist violence exploded, and mobs attacked Asian communities in areas like Santa Ana, LA, San Francisco, and Berkley
Also known as "the driving out" period
The Chinese Exclusion Act
First directly racist law barring emigration of nonwhite people to the U.S.
Lasts 1882-1943
Rationale for the law predicated on keeping the country "white"
Sets the framework for discriminatory/racist immigration laws and is derived from targeted racist laws like Indian Removal and Indian Appropriation Acts.
Conclusion
What We Covered
Asian Americans and Race
Constructing Orient/Oriental/Orientalism
Western Imperialism in Asian
Coolies
The Rise of Yellow Peril
Chinese Exclusion Act
Key Term:
Orientalism
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NatAminUS-TheU.S.andIndianCountry-1.pptx
Native Americans in the U.S.
The U.S. and Indian Country
Lecture Layout
What we'll be covering:
Early U.S. and Natives
U.S. Government and Indian Relations
Early Treaties and Betrayals
Manifest Destiny
Shift in Indian Policy
Trail of Tears
The Continued Indian War/Problem
Escalating the Indian Wars
Wounded Knee/End of Indian Wars
Key term:
Manifest destiny- the belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable
Also, the belief the United States was destined—by God, its advocates believed—to expand its dominion and spread democracy and capitalism across the entire North American continent
Early U.S. and Indians
Indigenous communities play a paradoxical role in the U.S.
Native societies like the Iroquois provided founding fathers with a governing/constitutional framework
Remember natives also helped the colonist learn how to farm, fish, and hunt in the new world
However, Natives Peoples would not be considered citizens under the constitutional framework
Many treaties signed between U.S. government and Natives were never honored
U.S. government and Indian relations
The U.S. government attempted to have peaceful relations with tribes in subsequent years
George Washington sought to develop a policy of "Justice and Humanity" with Natives
He also thought the best way to deal with Natives was to forcibly assimilate them, making them into "Americans"
This was the earliest example of Ethnocentrism/racism in the U.S.
Washington changed his position on natives as the U.S. hoped to settled the west and expand its power
He instructed his leaders of the Department of War (now Department of Defense) to
"lay waste all the settlements around... that the country may not be merely overrun, but destroyed"
Not to listen to any overture of peace before the total ruin of their settlements is effected
Washington's stance on Natives was echoed by many subsequent presidents where tribes were seen as the "Indian problem" impeding U.S. progress
Early Treaties and Betrayals
Peace between the U.S. government and tribal nations was always tenuous
America was concerned about being reconquered or invaded by foreign adversaries
There was also a growing desire to establish the country as a super power like other empires
Governmental leaders sign various treaties with tribes but never had any intention of honoring them
Like what we will see with the Treaty de Guadalupe Hidalgo
Early treaties:
Delwares/Fort Pitt (1778)
Undone when Pennsylvania Militiamen kill 100 Lenape (mostly women and children)
Treaty of Hopewell (1785/86)
Violated because white settlers continued to move on Native territories
Treaty of Canandaigua/ Pickering/Calico (1794)
Undone when government reduced Iroquois land
Treaty of Greenville (1795)
Nullified due to continued westward expansion
Manifest destiny
A primary factor preventing peace between the U.S. was manifest destiny
Manifest destiny was built on two main principles:
the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable
the United States was destined—by God, its advocates believed—to expand its dominion and spread democracy and capitalism across the entire North American continent
Consequently, there was an immense push to move west and take as much land as possible
Shift in Indian Policy
1800s marked a shift in Indian policy where conquest and theft were primary motivators
Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jackson sought the outright destruction of natives
They encouraged war with and removal of native people
Notable laws:
Indian Removal Act (1830)-authorizing the president to grant lands west of the Mississippi in exchange for Indian lands within existing state borders. A few tribes went peacefully, but many resisted the relocation policy
Indian Appropriation Act (1851)-created the Indian reservation system and provided funds to move Indian tribes onto farming reservations and hopefully keep them under control. Indians were not allowed to leave the reservations without permission.
Trail of Tears
First of many forced relocations of Indians by the U.S. government
60,000 natives from 5 different tribes moved west to the first "reservations"
Had to cross 9 states (5,043 miles) to reach their final destination
4,000 people died from disease, starvation, and exposure to frigid temperatures
The Continued Indian War/Problem
The U.S. is temporarily distracted from the Indian problem by the U.S. Mexico War and Civil War
Other wars about Race and citizenship
After these wars end Lincoln and his predecessors restart the focus on Indian problem/war
He presided over the largest mass execution in U.S. history, 38 Dakota warriors publicly hanged
Scots-Irish immigrants and freed African American were used as Indian fighters to settle the west by removing natives
Escalating the Indian Wars
The U.S. continued to fight wars with natives out west for land and resources
This was particularly important when gold, oil, and farmable lands were "discovered" in the taken former Mexican territories
U.S. army continued to rely on poor whites and freed blacks to fight this war (a historic precedent for military recruitment)
The U.S. encouraged migration west to settle lands and justify military force
Force included both direct and indirect violence to exterminate Indians
Wounded Knee/End of Indian Wars
The last major skirmish between U.S. army and Indians happened at Wounded Knee (1890)
Estimated 300 Lakota die at the hands of U.S. troops
This marked the end of the Plains Indian wars and outright militarism towards natives
More indirect and cost-effective methods were used to quell native rebels
Conclusion
What we covered:
Early U.S. and Natives
U.S. Government and Indian Relations
Early Treaties and Betrayals
Manifest Destiny
Shift in Indian Policy
Trail of Tears
The Continued Indian War/Problem
Escalating the Indian Wars
Wounded Knee/End of Indian Wars
Key term:
Manifest destiny
