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INSTRUCTIONSReadingReaction2.docx
ChxLtxintheU.S.Contemporaryissuesp2-1.pptx
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INSTRUCTIONSReadingReaction2.docx
Reading Reaction 2-Meets SLO 2
Thus far, we have covered the ways that African American and Latinx/Chicanx Communities have face discrimination and marginalization historically in the U.S. The mistreatment these communities have faced has been due to the way American Society has racialized them as inferior (physically, intellectually, and culturally). These groups have also resisted the how they have been mistreated through organizing various iterations of Social Justice Movements (Black Civil Rights to #BlackLivesMatter and Chicano Movemiento to Immigrant Rights Movement). For this assignment, I want you to discuss what you have learned about these topics through writing a comprehensive essay. In this essay I want you to answer the following questions:
· How have African Americans and Chicanx/Latinx communities been racialized? What specific elements of the groups’ physicality, intelligence, and culture have been cast as different, abnormal, foreign, and/or inferior? (provide an example for each community)
· What was the specific purpose of racializing African Americans and Chicanx/Latinx communities? How has the racially subordinated position assigned to African Americans and Chicanx/Latinx groups made them vulnerable to specific forms of mistreatment, discrimination, and marginalization (remember the 3 E's: exclusion, exploitation, and/or extermination)?
· How have African Americans and Chicanx/Latinx communities resisted their racialization, mistreatment, discrimination, and marginalization? What are the specific similarities and differences between their various movements for Social Justice in terms of the tactics of the movements like their protests or goals like better education/voting rights? (identify one similarity and one difference between the Social Justice movements)
To complete assignment, you will write a paragraph response to various questions posed in each of the numbered items above. You will need to incorporate course materials in your responses like with your previous reading reflection. Please include one course reading and one lecture reference/citation (2 references total) in each of the paragraphs.
Format requirements:
· 3 paragraph essay. One paragraph that responds to questions outlined in the number items above
· 6 course related references. 3 course reading and 3 lecture citations. 2 citations per paragraph
· Follow MLA format for in-text citations
· Citation how/why/when:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JV9cLDCgasLinks to an external site.
· LBCC Citation Info Site: https://lbcc.libguides.com/citation_stylesLinks to an external site.
· 12pt and Times New Roman font
· 1” margins
· Minimum 500 words
Grading Rubric
10points possible:
· 2 pts for grammar/syntax/writing
· Make sure that your paper is well written, using appropriate language, with minimal typos or other issues.
· 6 pts for sources and appropriate use course information
· You will need to include 2 sources (1 from course readings and 1 from course lectures) for each definition.
· You will need to appropriately cite this information following MLA standards
· For more information on MLA:
https://lbcc.libguides.com/citation_stylesLinks to an external site.
https://style.mla.orgLinks to an external site.
· 2 pts for structure and flow of the essay
· You will write a multi-paragraph essay where you respond to each of the question outlined in the list above.
· Structure:
· Paragraph 1: introduction
· Paragraph 2: responds to questions
· Paragraph 3: conclusion
· Your paper will need a general flow that is readable and shows that you have a good grasp of the concept and course materials
I will apply fractions of points to allow for grading flexibility. Please use tutoring services offered through the library to ensure that your paper meets grading standards and essay expectations. Also, see me during office hours if you need support on your paper
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ChxLtxintheU.S.Contemporaryissuesp2-1.pptx
Chicanx/Latinx in the U.S. Contemporary Issues p.2
ETHST 1
Dr. Frank Pérez
Lecture Layout
What we'll be covering:
Enduring Effects of Racism
Continued Racialization of Chicanx/Latinx
Crimminalization to Crimmigration
Chicanx/Latinx Discrimination
Borde Issues
Mass Detentions
CBP and Misconduct
Key term:
Crimmigration:
The nexus between increase border enforcement and criminal justice to develop a border system of Mass Deportation/Incarceration
Both follow a get tough on crime philosophy but have historic roots in the racist/racial mistreatment of People of Color
Enduring Effects of Racism
The racialization and racism that Youth of Color endure has lingering effects
We must consider how this persistent marginalization will influence these youths' abilities and beliefs of who they are and what they'll be come
Continued Racializaton of Chicanx/Latinx
Racial histories and racializing policies have cast Mexicans, Latin Americans, Latinx/Chicanx individuals as second-class citizens
Additionally, targeted policing policies created the current systems of mass incarcerations and crimmigration
Like African Americans, Chicanx and Latinx groups have been the targets of specific police/military violence because of their racialized status
https ://www.democracynow.org/2014/2/20/excessive_force_migrant_shot_dead_by
https://www.democracynow.org/2015/7/16/mass_graves_of_immigrants_found_in
Crimminalization to Crimmigration
Criminalization:
the process by which behaviors are labeled deviant/crimes and individuals are transformed into criminals by those in power.
Socially constructed
Culturally and politically defined
Often used to target and remove unwanted communities
Crimmigration:
The nexus between increase border enforcement and criminal justice to develop a border system of Mass Deportation/Incarceration
Both follow a get tough on crime philosophy but have historic roots in the racist/racial mistreatment of People of Color
Chicanx/Latinx Discrimination
The anti-immigrant sentiments and policies over the years has led to the dangerous working/living conditions for many undocumented
In 2011, Latino workers continued to be at increased risk of job fatalities, with a rate of fatal injuries of 3.7 per 100,000 workers—9% higher than the overall job fatality rate of 3.4 per 100,000 workers.
The number of fatal injuries to Latino workers in 2012 was 748, approximately the same as 2011 (749), but an increase from the 707 Latino worker deaths reported in 2010.
Since 2001, when the rate of Latino worker fatalities reached an all-time high of 6.0 deaths per 100,000 workers, significant progress has been made in reducing work-related deaths among this high-risk group. Since 2001, the job fatality rate among Latino workers has been reduced by 38%. At the same time, the overall job fatality rate has declined by 21%.
https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/cfoi/hispanic-or-latino-fatal-injuries.htm
Chicanx/Latinx Discrimination
As politicians fail to pass immigration reform, many lives are affected:
https://www.aclu.org/files/pdfs/immigrants/humanitariancrisisreport.pdf
Deaths related to immigration have soured
Since 1994, 4,500 migrants have died crossing the border
Many more simply “disappear”
There are no figures currently available for Caribbeans or Central/South Americans
Those that need to cross bodies of water or several national boundaries are rarely accounted for
Key border enforcement policies:
Operation Hold the Line 1993
Operation Gatekeeper 1994
There is a strong correlation with increased border enforcement, increased migration, and increased border death.
What might explain this phenomenon?
Border Issues
Border Issues
Mass Detentions
Mass Detentions
Migrant detention is a growing public issue
This has been considered a humanitarian crisis by activist, celebrities, media pundits, faith leaders, politicians, and national organizations
Children are routinely separated from parents, under/over medicated, denied physical/mental/emotional healthcare, placed in solitary confinement, and physically/sexually abused
Adults face similar conditions, which lead detainees at the Willacy Detention Center in TX to riot and burn down the facility.
Despite this, U.S. government heavily relies on problematic/unjust detention facilities as a deterrent for illegal immigration
Private prisons are mostly used to for the housing of “illegal” immigrants and make huge profits of government contracts
CBP and Misconduct
Customs and Border Protection (CBP) has huge misconducts rates
Arrest rates for CBP highest of any law enforcement branch (CBP officers
arrested 5x more frequently than traditional police officers
mostly Domestic Violence and alcohol related offences
CBP officers also have the highest suicide rates
Sources: ACLU and USCBP Office of Human Resources
Conclusion
What we covered:
Enduring Effects of Racism
Continued Racialization of Chicanx/Latinx
Crimminalization to Crimmigration
Chicanx/Latinx Discrimination
Borde Issues
Mass Detentions
CBP and Misconduct
Key term:
Crimmigration: