Final

2

MODULE 4

Testable research question

What is the relationship between employee motivation and job performance in the workplace, and how can psychological interventions improve employee motivation and job performance?

Description

For several decades, researchers in psychology and organizational behaviour have been interested in studying how the level of motivation an employee possesses can influence their level of productivity on the job. The importance of motivation in attaining high levels of job performance has been the subject of many studies, which have shed light on the connection between cause and performance. Developing effective strategies for improving motivation and job performance in the workplace is essential. One of the first steps is to understand the mechanisms underlying the relationship between performance and motivation. As a result, this research question is highly pertinent to psychology. It has practical consequences for managers and organizations looking to improve their employees' productivity and performance.

Testable hypothesis

Setting goals and providing feedback are two examples of psychological interventions that can be used in the workplace to improve employee motivation, ultimately leading to increased job performance.

The impacts of goal planning and comments on employee motivation and work performance are the subject of this study’s.

The impacts of goal planning and feedback on the motivation of workers and their effectiveness on the job are investigated in this research. According to the findings, goal planning and feedback interventions lead to substantial improvements in employee enthusiasm and work effectiveness.

The relationship between organizational fairness and worker enthusiasm and effectiveness in the workplace

This article investigates the connection between employee enthusiasm, work effectiveness, and the perception of fairness within an organization. According to the findings, an employee's impression of the organization right they experience can affect their motivation and, as a result, their effectiveness in work.

The influence that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation have on an employee's effectiveness in the work.

In this research, the influence of intrinsic and exogenous motivation on the effectiveness of the work is investigated. According to the findings, a point on the job is positively correlated with intrinsic and exogenous sources of inspiration.

The role of job crafting in enhancing employee motivation and job performance

abstract

Within the context of improving employee engagement and effectiveness on the work, this article examines job creation's role in the process. According to the findings, interventions focused on work creation have the potential to contribute to substantial improvements in employee enthusiasm and effectiveness on the job.

The positive impact that recognizing employees has on their inspiration and effectiveness in the work.

abstract

This research investigates the relationship between employee acknowledgement, employee enthusiasm, and employee effectiveness in the workplace. According to the findings, interventions focused on admission have the potential to contribute to substantial improvements in motivation and, consequently, work performance.

The influence of leadership style on the inspiration of employees and their effectiveness in the work

abstract

Within the context of employee engagement and effectiveness on the work, this article investigates the influence a leader's manner can have. According to the findings, transformational leadership benefits employee enthusiasm, leading to improved job performance.

Annotation of references

Kim, H. G., & Lee, M. (2021). Effects of supervisor support on job satisfaction, turnover intention, and task performance: The moderating role of employee psychological empowerment. Journal of Business and Psychology, 36(2), 275-288. doi: 10.1007/s10869-020-09668-3

The connection between boss support, employee psychological freedom, work happiness, departure purpose, and task success is investigated in this research. Statistics were gathered from 342 workers of a South Korean banking company. The findings revealed that boss assistance improved employee work happiness, task effectiveness, and psychological confidence. The research also discovered that employee psychological freedom moderated the connection between boss support and the desire to leave.

Zahari, M. S. M., Yusof, Y., Halim, H. A., & Wahab, E. (2020). The mediating effect of job satisfaction in the relationship between rewards and employee turnover intention. Journal of Talent Development and Excellence, 12(2s), 2403-2413.

This research investigates the role of work happiness as a moderator in the connection between incentives and employee attrition intention. The information was gathered from 250 workers in Malaysia's financial sector. The findings revealed that incentives had a substantial positive impact on workplace happiness, significantly adversely affecting attrition intention. The results show that work happiness regulates the link between motivations and employee attrition.

Karatepe, O. M. (2020). Perceived organizational support and turnover intention: The mediating role of job satisfaction and affective commitment. Current Psychology, 39(5), 1817-1826. doi: 10.1007/s12144-018-9864-4

This research aims to investigate the function of work happiness and emotional dedication as mediators in the connection between perceived organizational support (POS) and departure intention. In Turkey, data were gathered from 330 hotel workers. According to the findings, POS had a favourable impact on work happiness and emotional dedication but a negative effect on departure intention. According to the research results, work satisfaction and passionate commitment moderate the link between POS and attrition intention.

Sheung, A. C., & Cheng, M. Y. (2020). Turnover intention among hospitality employees in China: A test of a stress-motivation model. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 87, 102406. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102406

This research examines a stress-motivation model of attrition intention among Chinese restaurant workers. Statistics were gathered from 300 workers in China's five-star lodgings. The findings revealed that work worry had a substantial favourable impact on departure intention, while job incentive had a significant negative effect. According to the research, work tension and job desire are essential indicators of departure purpose among Chinese hotel employees.

Guo, F., Xu, S., & Liu, S. (2020). Linking abusive supervision to employees’ turnover intention and deviance: The role of job stress and emotional exhaustion. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4325. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124325

This study investigates harsh oversight, job stress, emotional fatigue, exit purpose, and deviance. 370 Chinese industry workers provided data. Abusive administration significantly reduced job stress and mental fatigue, which in turn reduced.

Riaz, M. T., Arif, S., Azam, S., & Ramzan, M. (2020). Impact of rewards on employee motivation: A study of National bank of Pakistan. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 10(10), 14-22.

This study examined how awards motivate National Bank of Pakistan employees. The writers collected data from 200 bank workers using poll surveys and semi-structured interviews. Rewards increased staff enthusiasm and efficiency. The writers recommend offering financial and non-financial prizes to inspire bank workers. Through award systems, this study helps banking managers and lawmakers improve staff morale and performance.

The project is divided into four milestones, which will be submitted at various points throughout the course to scaffold learning and ensure quality final submissions. These milestones will be submitted in Modules Two, Four, Six, and Eight. The final product will be submitted in Module Ten.

This assessment addresses the following course outcomes:

· Evaluate research designs in published studies for their appropriateness in addressing psychological research questions

· Synthesize peer-reviewed research in psychology for supporting testable research proposals

· Propose data collection strategies for developing methodologically sound research proposals

· Select appropriate data analysis methods for informing valid and reliable research results

· Apply the American Psychological Association’s principles and standards for creating professional, ethically sound research proposals

Prompt

For this assessment, you will create a research proposal centered on a testable research question and hypothesis, substantiated with peer-reviewed research. In the following course, Research Methods II, you will actually conduct research around your research question, guided by your proposal. You are required to use your Southern New Hampshire University classmates as your research participants, so keep in mind when creating your research question and proposal that the topic must be one that is approachable and able to be answered by your colleagues. You are prohibited from using anyone outside of Southern New Hampshire University for your study.

Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:

I. Problem Statement: Describe the general topic you will address and its importance and relevance to real-world issues.

II. Literature Review: In this section, you will use existing research on your subject and draw conclusions for informing your research proposal.

a. Summarize existing, applicable research in the field around your topic, utilizing peer-reviewed sources.

b. Identify the different research designs that have been used to generate knowledge on this topic, and describe how they differ.

c. Differentiate between the research designs for their advantages and disadvantages in addressing the research questions, providing specific examples from the research.

d. Evaluate the appropriateness of the research designs to the research questions, providing justification for your assertions. Which design seems most appropriate in addressing the question and why?

e. Summarize what is unknown or uncertain about your topic, synthesizing the applicable existing research on the topic.

f. Discuss the appropriateness of the data analysis procedures used in the literature as they relate to the American Psychological Association’s principles and standards. Consider the assumptions made and presentation of data.

III. Research Question and Hypothesis

a. Based on your research about the topic, create a testable research question.

b. Create a testable hypothesis based on your research question and research about the topic, explaining the extent to which the research supports your hypothesis.

c. Describe the variables that will be measured and/or manipulated in your study, and explain the selection of variables. Specifically, what independent and dependent variables will be used to test your hypothesis?

IV. Proposed Methodology

a. Outline who you plan to use as participants and how many participants you will need, providing justification.

b. Describe the materials (surveys, etc.) that will be used in your study and why these materials are most appropriate for your proposal, justifying claims with resources.

c. Describe the procedures you will use to collect your data and how these will appropriately address your research question.

d. Discuss the ethical concerns involved in your study and the steps you will take to remedy them. Consider who will be studied, what risks they will be exposed to, and what steps will be taken to maintain the confidentiality of their responses and to obtain informed consent.

V. Data Analysis Plan

a. Explain what procedures you will use to prepare your raw data for analysis. If you have open-ended questions, how will they be coded? If you collected responses to multiple survey questions, how will the data be aggregated for analysis?

b. Propose general analytical procedures that you will use to analyze your data, and explain how these procedures will help obtain valid and reliable research results.

c. Describe which descriptive statistics that could be obtained from your data would be most informative in answering your research question and why.

d. Discuss how your proposed data analysis methods are ethical and aligned to the American Psychological Association’s principles and standards.

VI. Anticipated Results: What do you expect the results of your study to be, and how do your expected results complement or contradict the results in previous literature?

Milestones‌

Milestone One: Topic Selection, Search Terms, and Preliminary Research Question In Module Two, you will submit a description of the topic that you will focus on for the final project as well as a preliminary research question that will guide your paper. It is understood that your research question will likely change and evolve as you read the literature on your topic, but it is important to have a research question to guide your reading. You will also submit a list of search terms that you will use to find peer-reviewed articles on your topic in the Shapiro Library’s electronic databases. This milestone will be graded with the Milestone One Rubric.

Milestone Two: Research Question, Hypothesis, and Annotated Bibliography In Module Four, you will submit a description of the research question and hypothesis (or hypotheses) that will guide your research. You will also submit an annotated bibliography of at least eight peer-reviewed sources. For each article, you will need to provide full bibliographic information, the abstract, and a summary of the key findings of the article and how they relate to your research question. This milestone will be graded with the Milestone Two Rubric.

Milestone Three: Initial Draft of Introduction and Literature Review In Module Six, you will submit an initial draft of your introduction and literature review. This paper should 1) introduce the general topic that you are researching, 2) provide a summary of the peer-reviewed literature on the topic, and 3) introduce your research question and hypothesis. This milestone will be graded with the Milestone Three Rubric.

Milestone Four: Initial Draft of Methods, Data Analysis, and Anticipated Results Sections In Module Eight, you will submit an initial draft of your methods, data analysis, and anticipated results sections. The methods section should describe the participants to be studied and the methods to be utilized for the proposed research project. The data analysis section should discuss the basic plan for analyzing the data, and the anticipated results section should discuss the expected findings. This milestone will be graded with the Milestone Four Rubric.

Final Submission: Research Proposal In Module Ten, you will submit your final project. It should be a complete, polished artifact containing all of the critical elements of the final product. It should reflect the incorporation of feedback gained throughout the course. This submission will be graded with the Final Product Rubric.

What to Submit

Your research proposal must be 10–15 pages in length and adhere to standard formatting (Times New Roman 12-point font, one-inch margins) and must follow APA format using the most recent version of the APA style manual for the citations.