EXPOSITORY NOTES
takoda76EXPOSITORY NOTES
3 years ago
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files (3)FirstDraftNOTES.docx
UNV-104-RS-T4-Writing_a_FiveParagraphEssayResource.docx
ExpositoryEssayOutline-RyanEpperson.docx
FirstDraftNOTES.docx
First Draft: Expository Essay
Assessment Description
Now that you have written the outline for your essay, it is time to write the first draft.
1. Review the attached "Writing a Five-Paragraph Essay" resource to help guide you through the structure of a five-paragraph essay.
2. Review the media piece The Writing Process to help you prepare your first draft.
3. Review your outline feedback from your instructor to help you prepare your first draft.
4. Write the first draft of your five-paragraph expository essay, which should be 750-1,000 words.
5. Review the First Draft Rubric to help you make sure all elements are present in your essay. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
6. Review the attached "Essay Checklist" to help you review and make sure your essay includes the following:
· An introductory paragraph with a thesis statement.
· Three body or supporting paragraphs.
· A concluding paragraph.
· In-text citations and a reference page. (Remember to reference and cite any supporting information you are taking from your articles-if it is not your original thought, there needs to be a citation and reference.)
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
Submit the completed First Draft to LopesWrite and review your report BEFORE submitting to your instructor. Access the additional instructions on how to understand your report in your resources.
UNV-104-RS-T4-Writing_a_FiveParagraphEssayResource.docx
Writing a Five-Paragraph Essay Resource
Format & Organization:
· Use a Times New Roman font, unless given permission from instructor to use another font choice.
· ALL lettering should be sized at 12 point; the title included
Heading and Title:
· Make sure your cover page is in proper APA format.
· Your title should be centered and capitalized appropriately per APA or the appropriate style format.
Introduction Paragraph:
· The first paragraph of your essay is the introductory paragraph.
· In this first paragraph of your essay, you should review your topic in a general fashion. You should also tell the reader why they might care to read more.
· The final sentence of your introductory paragraph will be your thesis statement. Your thesis statement will guide the reader as to what will follow.
Body Paragraphs: (Middle Paragraphs of the Essay)
· Each paragraph should be limited to one idea.
· Each paragraph should be connected in some way to your thesis statement.
· Within your body paragraphs, include the information from the resources you found.
· Do not forget to cite information from outside sources.
· Your final body paragraph may look at opposing views. For a well-rounded point of view, it is important to consider multiple perspectives.
· The body of your essay should include detailed, accurate, and relevant information that aims to support your thesis statement.
Concluding Paragraph:
· Your last paragraph is your conclusion. Rather than simply restating your introduction, try and brand your reader with your closing statements.
· Tell the reader again about your topic, thesis, and main point(s) of your essay.
· End with a strong stance on the topic to make the reader think about what they just read; leave an impact.
Using Transitions:
· Transitions are very important to your essay. Transitions are the glue that holds the paragraphs of your paper together.
· Examples of transitions are: next, furthermore, moreover, however, on the other hand, no doubt, and finally.
· You should be using these from transitions in thought and in ending and/or beginning new paragraphs.
Using Citations:
· Citations are used to reference material from another source.
· Using citations to give credit to others whose ideas or words you have used is an essential requirement to avoid issues of plagiarism.
· To avoid potential problems, always be sure to cite your sources by referring to the author’s last name and the year of publication in parentheses at the end of the sentence, such as (Johnson, 2008) and page or paragraph numbers if you are using word-for-word materials, such as “ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country” (Kennedy, 1960, p. 34).
Reference Page:
· The reference list should appear at the end of a paper.
· It provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the body of the paper.
· Each source you cite in the paper must appear in your reference list; likewise, each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text .
· For examples of references, please refer to the appropriate style guide, located in the Writing Center portion of the Student Success Center.
© 2020. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
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ExpositoryEssayOutline-RyanEpperson.docx
Examination of the Adverse Impact of Bullying on Children
Ryan Epperson
College of Psychology, Grand Canyon University
UNV-104 051: 21st Century Skills: Communication and Information Literacy
Professor Ciftcikara
11/10/2023
Main topic: Examination of the Adverse Impact of Bullying on Children
Subtopics:
a. Emotional and Psychological Consequences
Bullying children may lead to poor psychological Health, including anxiety, depression, and the development of low self-esteem, whether they are victims or bullies. Furthermore, it can cause physical illness with obvious evidence of physical malfunction, as seen in medically diagnosed illnesses. This category includes psychosomatic symptoms. This subtopic will address the specific emotional and psychological issues that bullied children encounter.
b. Academic Performance and Self-esteem
Another psychological condition is poor social adjustment, including aversion to one's social environment, manifested by voiced hate for school or workplace, manifest loneliness, isolation, and absenteeism. This subtopic will point out the link between bullying and academic struggles. It will also highlight the impact of bullying on a child's self-esteem. The discussion will thoroughly explore the subtopic, providing examples and evidence to support the claims made.
c. Long-term Effects on Mental Health
This subtopic looks into the effects of bullying that can extend beyond childhood and have lasting implications on a person's mental health. Long term effects of bullying include trauma manifesting in adulthood, leading to issues like chronic anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, or even a perpetuation of the cycle of bullying.
Thesis statement: Bullying affects a childs emotional and psychological state, leading to poor academic performance, low self-esteem, and long-term impacts on mental health.
Introduction
Title: Examination of the Adverse Impact of Bullying on Children
Bullying is a pressing global concern affecting children worldwide, leaving a profound and lasting impact on their lives. It implies a power imbalance in which the victim is weaker than the perpetrator (Rigby, 2003. Those who bully others are affected just like their victims. They are likely to experience negative emotional, behavioral, and mental health outcomes (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2016). The victims can experience subsequent mental, emotional, and behavioral problems. (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2016).
The thesis statement: Bullying affects a child emotional and psychological state, leading to poor academic performance, low self-esteem, and long-term impacts on mental health.
Research Questions/Hypotheses
Title: Key Research Questions and Hypotheses
Research Questions
· How does bullying impact the emotional and psychological well-being of children?
· What is the relationship between bullying and academic performance and self-esteem in children?
· What are the long-term consequences of bullying on the mental health of individuals who have experienced it in their childhood?
Hypotheses
HP3: Victims of bullying during childhood are more likely to exhibit long-term mental health issues, such as chronic anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder.
HP1: Bullying affects children emotionally and psychologically, leading to increased instances of anxiety, depression, and the development of low self-esteem.
HP2: Bullying negatively correlates with academic performance in children, and it is linked to a decline in self-esteem.
Literature Review/Theory
Children who are victims of bullying are more likely to experience symptoms of depression and anxiety(Swearer et al., 2013).
Children subjected to severe and prolonged bullying may develop symptoms of PTSD (Idsoe et al., 2012).
DeLara, (2016) posits that negative comments and actions of bullies can make victims doubt their own value and self-image, which can persist into adulthood.
Children who are bullied may find it difficult to concentrate in school due to the emotional distress they experience (Al-Raqqad et al., 2017).
According to Al-Raqqad et al., (2017), bullying often leads to school avoidance as victims try to escape the hostile environment
Negative comments and actions from bullies can lead to a negative self-perception (Younan, 2019).
The emotional trauma inflicted by bullying can have long term effects leading Increased Risk of Mental Health Disorders (deLara, 2019)
According to deLara, (2019) Bullying experiences can affect a person's ability to trust and form healthy relationships in adulthood.
Substance Abuse and Self-Harm (Myklestad & Straiton, 2021).
Methods & Data Collection
Title: "Research Methods and Data Collection"
The study will utilize a mixed research approach, involving quantitative and qualitative research methods.
Quantitative research methods will involve distributing questionnaires to victims, parents of victims, psychiatrists and school administration.
Qualitative research method will involve reviewing existing literature.
A comprehensive and ethical approach to data collection is of paramount importance in the research to ensure:
· Data Quality and Accuracy
· Long-Term Sustainability.
· Research Integrity
Hypothetical Data Presentation/Findings
Title: Hypothetical Data Presentation
· Will be done using charts, graphs, or statistics to illustrate the emotional and psychological effects, academic performance, self-esteem issues, and long-term mental health consequences.
· Both the qualitative and quantitative data will be integrated in the interpretation to show the extent of the impact.
Future Research
Title: Future Directions for Research
Bullying in children is an ongoing and a dynamic topic as it has implications for the well-being of children as well as into their adolescents and adulthood.
Future research can further understand bullying and its impact, as well as inform the development of effective prevention and intervention strategies.
Research can be expanded to include assessing the impact of school-based anti-bullying initiatives, peer mentoring programs, and support services for victims.
Further Investigation should be conducted on the role of individual and environmental factors in promoting resilience among victims of bullying.
Conclusion
Title: "Concluding Remarks"
Bullying has adverse impact on children with far-reaching consequences.
Bullying inflicts emotional and psychological scars as well undermines academic performance, self-esteem, and long-term mental health.
There is need for continuous research to address the problem of bullying and to inform the development of effective prevention and intervention strategies.
Every stakeholder must play a part to foster a safe and nurturing environment for children, ensuring their growth and development free from the harmful effects of bullying.
Continuous study and the urge to combat this issue can ensure a future where every child can live free from the shadow of bullying.
References
Al-Raqqad, H. K., Al-Bourini, E. S., Al Talahin, F. M., & Aranki, R. M. E. (2017). The Impact of School Bullying on Students' Academic Achievement from Teachers Point of View. International Education Studies, 10(6), 44-50.
DeLara, E. (2016). Bullying scars: The impact on adult life and relationships. Oxford University Press.
deLara, E. W. (2019). Consequences of childhood bullying on mental health and relationships for young adults. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28, 2379-2389.
Idsoe, T., Dyregrov, A., & Idsoe, E. C. (2012). Bullying and PTSD symptoms. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 40, 901-911.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2016). Preventing bullying through science, policy, and practice.
Rigby, K. (2003). Consequences of bullying in schools. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 48(9), 583–590. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674370304800904
Swearer, S. M., Song, S. Y., Gary, P. T., Eagle, J. W., & Mickelson, W. T. (2013). Psychosocial correlates in bullying and victimization: The relationship between depression, anxiety, and bully/victim status. In Bullying Behavior (pp. 95-121). Routledge.
Younan, B. (2019). How does guilt, influence and attitudes effect the role we play in bullying? The self-perception measure. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 12(4), 489-499.
