Elementry Ethics - Choose any 4 out of 5 - Half page each - Due in 3 hours.

Answer FOUR questions. Each question is worth 10 points.

1. What are some of the features of Plato’s theory of justice as set out

in his Republic? How can these features of justice be applied to the

opposed views on distributive justice according to the positions

developed by Rawls and Nozick?

2. Explain Aristotle’s three-way distinction of human action as a)

voluntary, b) involuntary and c) non-voluntary. Give examples of

each kind of action. How can Aristotle’s theory of human agency be

applied to the three models of punishment: retributivism, deterrence,

and rehabilitation.

3. Explain the nature and role of ‘moral sentiment’ in Hume’s outline

of morality. What role, if any, is played by reason in Hume’s account

of moral action? In light of Hume’s theory, reconstruct the debate

between Singer and Arthur.

4. Explain Kant’s two formulations of the ‘categorical imperative’

according to a) universalizability and b) non-instrumentalization.

How might these formulations be applied to the question of

preemptive international conflict. Give examples to illustrate these

applications.

5. What is Mill’s concept of the basic ethical principle according to

utilitarianism and what is his proof of this principle? What are Mill’s

views on the freedom of speech and thought and how do these shed

light on the debate about pornography between Altman and Brison?