education

Please answer the following four (4) questions by writing your  response to each question. Please comply with the following  instructions:

• two (2) page response per each question
• 1.5 paragraph line spacing for each answer
• at least three (3) references – of which at least two (2) are external references for each question
• all in-text/parenthetical citations and reference lists in accordance with APA style guidance
• 12-point text font
• 1-inch margins
• Write the question with question number and then respond under the questions (example)
  
  Question 1
  Response
  References (3)
  
  Question 2
  Response
  References (3)
  
  And so on ……..
   

Question #1:  Knowing that the  real-world will include major interruptions in critical infrastructure  operations due to natural or man-made causes, what do you believe to be  the proper roles and responsibilities of state and local governmental  bodies vice the federal government in planning for, managing, and  responding to massive disruptions that feature maximum complexity,  destruction, and disruption to our critical infrastructures? Compare  your views with how matters were handled with Hurricanes Katrina and  Sandy versus how matters have been recently handled with Hurricanes  Harvey, Irma, and Maria…i.e., was there a difference and, if so, for  better or worse?

Question #2:  Given that the  real-world consists of periodic occurrences of significant natural  disasters across a spectrum of threats ranging from man-made (terrorist,  cyber, etc.) to natural (earthquakes, floods, tornadoes, etc.) that can  disrupt and destroy infrastructure in many areas, how best should  critical infrastructure sector leaders and managers go about determining  key risks, assessing vulnerabilities, and preparing adequately for  future emergencies?

Question #3:  It’s been over ten  years since Hurricane Katrina hit the Gulf Coast. One of the  after-effects was much reporting, hearings, discussions, and legislation  by decision makers in an attempt to help ensure that such future events  would not result in a similar amount of chaos when it came to recovery  and restoration efforts. What would you identify as three key aspects –  initiatives, discussions/debates, modifications to existing or new  legislation or policy, etc. – that has occurred since Hurricane Katrina  that you believe has or may have significant positive impacts to the  future preparedness of critical infrastructure sectors? Also, do you see  any evidence that one or more of your identified key aspects had been  incorporated and/or impacted the preparedness for Hurricanes Harvey,  Irma, and/or Maria…if so, in what way?

Question #4:  You now work for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and are part of a team tasked to update the NIPP 2013: Partnering for Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience policy document. The DHS team lead has asked everyone to review the NIPP 2013  document and provide at least three (3) recommendations regarding  updates, changes, modifications, additions, deletions, etc. that you  would propose for potential inclusion into what would become a “new” NIPP 2018  document. Identify your three (or more) recommendations and provide an  accompanying explanation/rationale for each recommendation.