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ResearchPaperTypesofBudgetsAssignmentInstructions.docx
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EBSCO-FullText-03_27_2026.pdf
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ResearchPaperTypesofBudgetsAssignmentInstructions.docx
PADM 702
Research Paper: Types of Budgets Assignment Instructions
Overview
The public budgets match expenditures of assets and services with receipts of public money, such as taxes and fees . If a budget does not balance, services need to be cut, taxes need to be raised, or money needs to be borrowed. Different budgeting formats allow for the review of revenues and expenditures.
Instructions
For this assignment you will analyze:
· The Impact of the following three types of budgets:
· Impact of Line-Item Budgeting on the budgetary process. How does it work and what is its impact (advantages/disadvantages)?
· Impact of Program Budgeting on the budgetary process. How does it work and what is its impact (advantages/disadvantages)?
· Impact of Performance Budgeting on the budgetary process. How does it work and what is its impact (advantages/disadvantages)?
· The impact of two political, economic, and social constraints on the budgetary process
The text of this research paper must be 8-10-pages (not including title page, reference page, and any appendices). This paper must be in current APA format with 1-inch margins and 12-pt Times New Roman font. You must also include a title page and reference page. You must include citations to a sufficient number of appropriate professional, scholarly, or other appropriate sources to fully support your assertions and conclusions (which will likely require more than the minimum number of citations); each paper must include a minimum of 5 sources, not including the course textbooks, assigned readings, and the Bible.
Plagiarism in any form is strictly prohibited and may result in failure of the assignment, failure of the course, and/or removal from the program. It is your responsibility to ensure that you fully understand what constitutes the various forms of plagiarism and to avoid all forms of plagiarism. As you may be aware, each report is automatically checked for plagiarism.
Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.
ResearchPaperTypesofBudgetsAssignmentGuide.docx
PADM 702
Research Paper: Types of Budgets Assignment Guide
Keep in mind that the budget is noun; it is a financial plan. Budgeting is a verb; iut is a process. Your analysis should address the impact (effect) on the process, not the impact on the plan (budget).
|
Use the bolded statements as headings in your paper . |
I. Executive Summary (Limit to a page or less). It is not an introduction; it is a summary
of the findings. Write this section last.
|
An Executive Summary should: · Summarize the impact of Line-Item Budgets, Program Budgets, and Performance Budgets on the budgetary process. · Summarize the impact of the two selected constraints on the budgetary process. |
II. Impacts of the Three Types of Budgets on the Budgetary Process
· Impact of Line-Item Budgets on the Budgetary Process. Describe the impact(advantages/disadvantages) line-item budgeting has on the budgeting process.
· Impact of Program Budgets on the Budgetary Process. Describe the impact (advantages/disadvantages) program budgeting has on the budgeting process.
· Impact of Performance Budgets on the Budgetary Process. Describe the impact (advantages/disadvantages) performance budgeting has on the budgeting process.
III. Impact of Two Political and/or Economic Constraints on the Budgetary Process
Address in depth two of the following three constraints listed below.
· Fiscal constraints.
· Economic constraints.
· Political constraints.
Be specific . You must specify exactly which constraining factor you are analyzing.
Fiscal constraints include factors such as monetary policy, supply-side policy, and money supply. If analyzing fiscal constraints, select one and analyze its impact on the budgetary process.
Economic constraints include wages, interest rates, inefficiencies within the micro-economy, a rapidly growing or declining population, lack of financial capital, lack of human capital, and trade barriers. If analyzing economic constraints, select one and analyze its impact on the budgetary process.
Political constraints include tax policy, labor law, environmental law, trade restrictions, tariffs, technology, and disruptive innovations. If analyzing political constraints, select one and analyze its impact on the budgetary process.
Use a heading for each of the two specific constraints you selected. For example:
Impact of Monetary Policy on the Budgetary Process.
Each constraint impacts the budgetary process based on its intent, goals, objectives, etc. They cannot be treated as a single entity for analytical purposes.
|
Using the outline is designed to clarify the assignment by breaking it into parts so it can be dealt with systematically. It will assure that the assignment specifications are met and will improve the quality of your report. |
ResearchPaperGradingRubric.pdf
Criteria Ratings Points
Content 60 to >53 pts
Advanced
• All key elements of the assignment are covered thoroughly and in a substantive way. Student provides a well-researched, fully developed analysis of each element of the assignment. • Content is thoroughly, comprehensively, accurate, and exhibits a nuanced rather than superficial understanding of the terms and concepts assigned. • Major points are stated clearly and are supported by appropriate professional and scholarly literature and/or logic. Student employs sound, reasoned discussion, description, explanation, and evaluation of assigned terms and concepts.
53 to >41 pts
Proficient
• Most key elements of the assignment are covered and in a substantive way. Student provides a mostly developed analysis of each element of the assignment. • Most content is comprehensively, accurate, and exhibits an adequate understanding of the terms and concepts assigned. • Most points are adequately stated and are supported by appropriate professional and scholarly literature and/or logic. Student mostly employs sound, reasoned discussion, description, explanation, and evaluation of assigned terms and concepts.
41 to >0 pts
Developing
• Inadequate coverage of key elements of the assignment. Student inadequately provides an analysis of each element of the assignment. • Content is inadequate and not presented comprehensively, accurately, or with adequate understanding of the terms and concepts assigned. • Major points are inadequately stated and are not supported by appropriate professional and scholarly literature and/or logic. Student inadequately employs sound, reasoned discussion, description, explanation, and evaluation of assigned terms and concepts.
0 pts
Not Present
60 pts
Research 40 to >35 pts
Advanced
• Includes meaningful and thorough use of source material and analytical reasoning to elaborate upon the topics or themes. • Research is thorough and timely for the topic. • Thoroughly includes the required quality and quantity of cited sources to support positions. The context and purpose of the writing is thorough and clear.
35 to >27 pts
Proficient
• Mostly includes meaningful and adequate use of source material and analytical reasoning to elaborate upon the topics or themes. • Research is adequate and timely for the topic. • Adequately includes the required quality and quantity of cited sources to support positions. The context and purpose of the writing is adequate and clear.
27 to >0 pts
Developing
• Includes inadequate use of source material and applies very little analytical reasoning to elaborate upon the topics or themes. • Research is inadequate and not timely for the topic.
• Inadequately includes cited sources to support positions. The context and purpose of the writing is inadequate and vague.
0 pts
Not Present
40 pts
Research Paper Grading Rubric | PADM702_D03_202620
Criteria Ratings Points
Development 15 to >13 pts
Advanced
• The introduction provides sufficient and thorough background on the topic and previews major points. • Ideas flow in a logical and thorough sequence. • Paragraph transitions are both present, thorough, and logical, and direct the flow of thought throughout the paper. • Paper is organized into a discussion flowing thoroughly from concept/term to concept/term and includes sufficient introductory, conclusory, and connecting mechanics to make the assignment a research paper, rather than mere a list of terms.
13 to >10 pts
Proficient
• The introduction provides sufficient and adequate background on the topic and previews major points. • Most ideas flow in a logical and adequate sequence. • Paragraph transitions are mostly present, adequately and logically directing the flow of thought throughout the paper. • Paper is mostly organized into a discussion flowing from concept/term to concept/term and includes adequate introductory, conclusory, and connecting mechanics to make the assignment a research paper, rather than mere a list of terms.
10 to >0 pts
Developing
• The introduction inadequately provides background on the topic and previews major points. • Ideas do not flow in an adequate sequence. • Paragraph transitions are inadequately presented and lack a direct flow of thought throughout the paper. • Paper is not organized into a discussion and inadequately flows from concept/term to concept/term and presents inadequate introductory, conclusory, and connecting mechanics to make the assignment a research paper.
0 pts
Not Present
15 pts
Format & APA
20 to >17 pts
Advanced
• The paper includes title page, reference page. • The reference page(s) contain(s) complete, properly formatted citations in current APA format for all support utilized (at least 5 sources). • The paper follows current APA format guidelines. • The paper is written in 12-pt Times New Roman font and has 1” margins. The work is original, giving credit to all borrowed ideas and quotations.
17 to >13 pts
Proficient
• The paper includes title page, reference page. • The reference page(s) contain(s) mostly complete, properly formatted citations in current APA format for all support utilized (at least 5 sources). • The paper follows current APA format guidelines. • The paper is mostly written in 12-pt Times New Roman font and has 1” margins. The work is mostly original, giving credit to all borrowed ideas.
13 to >0 pts
Developing
• The paper does not include title page, reference page. • The reference page(s) is/are incomplete, improperly formatted citations. • The paper does not follow current APA format guidelines. • The paper is not written in 12-pt Times New Roman font and lacks 1” margins. The work is not original and lacks giving credit to all borrowed ideas.
0 pts
Not Present
20 pts
Research Paper Grading Rubric | PADM702_D03_202620
Criteria Ratings Points
Grammar & Spelling
20 to >17 pts
Advanced
• Rules of grammar, usage, and punctuation are followed. • Spelling is correct. • Sentences are complete, clear, and concise. • Sentences are well-constructed with consistently strong and varied structure. • Sentence transitions are present and direct the flow of thought. • Words used are precise and unambiguous. • The paper employs authoritative, persuasive, statesmanlike voice.
17 to >13 pts
Proficient
• Most rules of grammar, usage, and punctuation are followed. • Most spelling is correct. • Most sentences are complete, clear, and concise. • Most sentences are well-constructed with consistently strong and varied structure. • Most sentence transitions are present and direct the flow of thought. • Most words used are precise and unambiguous. • The paper mostly employs authoritative, persuasive, statesmanlike voice.
13 to >0 pts
Developing
• Rules of grammar, usage, and punctuation are inadequately followed. • Major spelling errors exist throughout. • Many sentences are incomplete, unclear, and are not concise. • Many sentences are poorly-constructed and lack strong and varied structure. • Few sentence transitions are present. • Many words used are ambiguous. • The paper poorly employs authoritative, persuasive, statesmanlike voice.
0 pts
Not Present
20 pts
Page Length 10 to >8 pts
Advanced
8-10 double-spaced pages of content (not including title page, reference page[s], and any appendices).
8 to >6 pts
Proficient
One page less than the required page length.
6 to >0 pts
Developing
More than one page less than the required page length.
0 pts
Not Present
10 pts
Total Points: 165
Research Paper Grading Rubric | PADM702_D03_202620
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