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Unit1instructions.docx
unit1pdf.pdf
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Unit1instructions.docx

The discussion focuses on models of interpersonal skills improvement and methods for developing those skills, both personally and professionally. In what ways can personality profiles and assessments aid in the improvement of personal and on-the-job team performance? Thoroughly explain your rationale.

Initial post should be a minimum of 400 words and at least one supporting reference. Posts to others should be a minimum of 200 words. You should also include at least 2 references. Note: references must also include in-text citation per APA, and word count does NOT include your references.

unit1pdf.pdf

Reflect and Relate, 6th Edition

Chapter 1: Introducing Interpersonal

Communication

What Is Communication?

Communication: The process through which “people use

messages to generate meanings within and across

contexts, cultures, channels, and media”

Defining Communication

Communication:

• Is a process

• Uses messages

• Is exchanged through interaction

• Uses various modalities

• Happens via sensory channels

• Occurs in contexts

Communication Technologies Used by U.S.

Young Adults, Ages 18 to 29

figure 1.1

Understanding Communication Models

Three models of the communication process:

• Linear communication model

▪ Sender, noise, receiver

• Interactive communication model

▪ Feedback, fields of experience

• Transactional communication model

▪ Fundamentally multidirectional, collaboratively create meanings

Linear Model of Communication

figure 1.2

Interactive Model of Communication

figure 1.3

Transactional Model of Communication

figure 1.4

What Is Interpersonal Communication?

A dynamic form of communication between two (or more)

people in which the messages exchanged significantly

influence their thoughts, emotions, behaviors, and

relationships

Defining Interpersonal Communication

(1 of 2)

Interpersonal communication is:

• Dynamic

• Typically transactional

• Primarily dyadic

• Creates impact

Intrapersonal communication involves:

• One person, aloud or internally

Defining Interpersonal Communication

(2 of 2)

Buber names two ways of relating to others:

• I-Thou: Deepens bonds and affirms individual

uniqueness

• I-It: Leads to interpersonal communication and

even disrespectful communication

Principles of Interpersonal Communication

(1 of 2)

Interpersonal communication:

• Conveys content and relationship information

▪ Meta-communication: Communication about

communication

Principles of Interpersonal Communication

(2 of 2)

Interpersonal communication:

• Can be intentional or unintentional

• Is irreversible

• Is dynamic

Motives for Interpersonal

Communication (1 of 2)

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs:

1. Physical

2. Safety

3. Social

4. Self-esteem

5. Self-actualization

Motives for Interpersonal

Communication (2 of 2)

Interpersonal communication fulfills three types of goals:

• Self-presentation goals

• Instrumental goals

• Relationship goals

What Is Interpersonal Communication

Competence?

Interpersonal communication competence:

Consistently communicating in ways that are appropriate,

effective, and ethical

Understanding Competence (1 of 3)

Communication skills: Repeatable, goal-directed

behaviors and behavioral patterns routinely practiced in

interpersonal encounters and relationships

Understanding Competence (2 of 3)

Appropriateness: The degree to which your

communication matches situational, relational, and cultural

expectations

Understanding Competence (3 of 3)

Effectiveness: The ability to use communication to

accomplish self-presentational, instrumental, and

relational goals

Ethics: The set of moral principles that guide our behavior

toward others

Improving Your Mediated

Communication Competence (1 of 2)

Mediated communication: Interactions using devices

such as mobile phones, laptops and desktops, and tablets

through social media, email, texting, or in massively

multiplayer online video games

Improving Your Mediated

Communication Competence (2 of 2)

• Choose your medium wisely.

• Don’t assume TMC is more efficient.

• Presume posts are public.

• Remember posts are permanent.

• Practice creating drafts.

Issues in Interpersonal Communication

• Culture

• Gender

• Sexual orientation

• Technologically mediated communication

• The dark side of interpersonal relationships

unit1pdf2.pdf

Reflect and Relate, 6th Edition

Chapter 2: Considering Self

The Components of Self

The self: An evolving composite of three components that

develop continually over time based on life experience

Self-Awareness

Self-awareness: The ability to view yourself as a unique

person and to reflect on your thoughts, feelings, and

behaviors

Self-monitoring: Using self-awareness to assess how

well your communication matches situational norms

Social comparison (Mead): Observing and assigning

meaning to others’ behavior and then comparing it with

your own

Self-Concept (1 of 2)

Self-concept: Your overall perception of who you are,

based on the beliefs, attitudes, and values you have about

yourself

Looking-glass self: Your self-concept as shaped by what

you believe others think of you

Self-Concept (2 of 2)

Self-concept clarity: The degree to which you have a

clearly defined, consistent, and enduring sense of self

Self-fulfilling prophecies: Predictions about future

interactions that lead us to behave in ways that ensure the

interaction unfolds as we predicted

Self-Esteem (1 of 2)

Self-esteem: The overall value, positive or negative, that

we assign to ourselves

Low Self-Esteem: A Vicious Cycle

figure 2.1

Self-Esteem (2 of 2)

Self-discrepancy theory: Your self-esteem is determined

by how you compare to your ideal self and ought self.

The Sources of Self

Our selves are shaped by the powerful outside forces:

gender, family, and culture.

Gender and Self

Gender: The composite of social, psychological, and

behavioral attributes that a particular culture associates

with an individual’s biological self

Family and Self (1 of 2)

Interactions with caregivers shape two dimensions of our

behavior.

• Attachment anxiety

• Attachment avoidance

Family and Self (2 of 2)

Four attachment styles:

• Secure attachment

• Preoccupied attachment

• Dismissive attachment

• Fearful attachment

Culture and Self

Culture: An established, coherent set of beliefs, attitudes,

values, and practices shared by a large group of people

• Membership in individualistic versus collectivistic culture

shapes our views of self.

Communicating Your Self

People know and judge the “you” who communicates with

them, not the “you” you keep inside.

Maintaining Your Public Self (1 of 2)

Face: The public self you want others to see and know

(Goffman)

Maintaining Your Public Self (2 of 2)

Mask: A public self designed to conceal your private self

Example: Rick Welts

Embarrassment: Losing face creates feelings of shame,

humiliation, and sadness.

Disclosing Your Private Self (1 of 2)

Self-disclosure: Revealing private information about your

self to others

Interpersonal process model of intimacy: Closeness

we feel toward others is created through self-disclosure

and the responsiveness of listeners.

Disclosing Your Self to Others (2 of 2)

Self-disclosure:

• Varies across and within cultures

• Happens more quickly online

• Promotes mental health

• Occurs among men and women equally

The Relational Self (1 of 3)

We carefully craft the presentation of our self to create

interpersonal relationships.

The Relational Self (2 of 3)

Social penetration theory: Revealing the self to others

involves peeling back or penetrating layers.

• Breadth: The number of different aspects of self

revealed at each layer

• Depth: How deeply into each other’s self the partners

have penetrated

The Layers of Self

figure 2.3

The Relational Self (3 of 3)

Intimacy: Feeling of closeness and “union” that exists

between us and our partners

Your Hidden and Revealed Self

Some “quadrants” of our selves are open to self-reflection

and sharing with other people.

Others remain hidden.

The Johari window: Each of us has a public area, a hidden

area, a blind area, and an unknown area.

The Johari Window

figure 2.4

Competently Disclosing Yourself

Ways to improve your self-disclosure skills:

• Know yourself.

• Know your audience.

• Don’t force others to self-disclose.

• Avoid gender stereotypes.

• Be sensitive to cultural differences.

• Go slowly.

The Social Media Self

Interacting online gives us freedom to be flexible with our

identities and to control how others perceive us.

Self-Presentation on Social Media

Selfie: A positive photo of oneself taken by oneself

Always consider the warranting value of information

presented to you online.

• Degree to which it is supported by other people and

outside evidence

Improving Your Social Media

Self-Presentation

Three ways to improve online self-presentation:

• Be wary of information that contradicts your self-image.

• Routinely conduct web searches on yourself.

• Keep the interview test in mind.

Unit1instructions.docx

unit1pdf.pdf

Reflect and Relate, 6th Edition

Chapter 1: Introducing Interpersonal

Communication

What Is Communication?

Communication: The process through which “people use

messages to generate meanings within and across

contexts, cultures, channels, and media”

Defining Communication

Communication:

• Is a process

• Uses messages

• Is exchanged through interaction

• Uses various modalities

• Happens via sensory channels

• Occurs in contexts

Communication Technologies Used by U.S.

Young Adults, Ages 18 to 29

figure 1.1

Understanding Communication Models

Three models of the communication process:

• Linear communication model

▪ Sender, noise, receiver

• Interactive communication model

▪ Feedback, fields of experience

• Transactional communication model

▪ Fundamentally multidirectional, collaboratively create meanings

Linear Model of Communication

figure 1.2

Interactive Model of Communication

figure 1.3

Transactional Model of Communication

figure 1.4

What Is Interpersonal Communication?

A dynamic form of communication between two (or more)

people in which the messages exchanged significantly

influence their thoughts, emotions, behaviors, and

relationships

Defining Interpersonal Communication

(1 of 2)

Interpersonal communication is:

• Dynamic

• Typically transactional

• Primarily dyadic

• Creates impact

Intrapersonal communication involves:

• One person, aloud or internally

Defining Interpersonal Communication

(2 of 2)

Buber names two ways of relating to others:

• I-Thou: Deepens bonds and affirms individual

uniqueness

• I-It: Leads to interpersonal communication and

even disrespectful communication

Principles of Interpersonal Communication

(1 of 2)

Interpersonal communication:

• Conveys content and relationship information

▪ Meta-communication: Communication about

communication

Principles of Interpersonal Communication

(2 of 2)

Interpersonal communication:

• Can be intentional or unintentional

• Is irreversible

• Is dynamic

Motives for Interpersonal

Communication (1 of 2)

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs:

1. Physical

2. Safety

3. Social

4. Self-esteem

5. Self-actualization

Motives for Interpersonal

Communication (2 of 2)

Interpersonal communication fulfills three types of goals:

• Self-presentation goals

• Instrumental goals

• Relationship goals

What Is Interpersonal Communication

Competence?

Interpersonal communication competence:

Consistently communicating in ways that are appropriate,

effective, and ethical

Understanding Competence (1 of 3)

Communication skills: Repeatable, goal-directed

behaviors and behavioral patterns routinely practiced in

interpersonal encounters and relationships

Understanding Competence (2 of 3)

Appropriateness: The degree to which your

communication matches situational, relational, and cultural

expectations

Understanding Competence (3 of 3)

Effectiveness: The ability to use communication to

accomplish self-presentational, instrumental, and

relational goals

Ethics: The set of moral principles that guide our behavior

toward others

Improving Your Mediated

Communication Competence (1 of 2)

Mediated communication: Interactions using devices

such as mobile phones, laptops and desktops, and tablets

through social media, email, texting, or in massively

multiplayer online video games

Improving Your Mediated

Communication Competence (2 of 2)

• Choose your medium wisely.

• Don’t assume TMC is more efficient.

• Presume posts are public.

• Remember posts are permanent.

• Practice creating drafts.

Issues in Interpersonal Communication

• Culture

• Gender

• Sexual orientation

• Technologically mediated communication

• The dark side of interpersonal relationships

unit1pdf2.pdf

Reflect and Relate, 6th Edition

Chapter 2: Considering Self

The Components of Self

The self: An evolving composite of three components that

develop continually over time based on life experience

Self-Awareness

Self-awareness: The ability to view yourself as a unique

person and to reflect on your thoughts, feelings, and

behaviors

Self-monitoring: Using self-awareness to assess how

well your communication matches situational norms

Social comparison (Mead): Observing and assigning

meaning to others’ behavior and then comparing it with

your own

Self-Concept (1 of 2)

Self-concept: Your overall perception of who you are,

based on the beliefs, attitudes, and values you have about

yourself

Looking-glass self: Your self-concept as shaped by what

you believe others think of you

Self-Concept (2 of 2)

Self-concept clarity: The degree to which you have a

clearly defined, consistent, and enduring sense of self

Self-fulfilling prophecies: Predictions about future

interactions that lead us to behave in ways that ensure the

interaction unfolds as we predicted

Self-Esteem (1 of 2)

Self-esteem: The overall value, positive or negative, that

we assign to ourselves

Low Self-Esteem: A Vicious Cycle

figure 2.1

Self-Esteem (2 of 2)

Self-discrepancy theory: Your self-esteem is determined

by how you compare to your ideal self and ought self.

The Sources of Self

Our selves are shaped by the powerful outside forces:

gender, family, and culture.

Gender and Self

Gender: The composite of social, psychological, and

behavioral attributes that a particular culture associates

with an individual’s biological self

Family and Self (1 of 2)

Interactions with caregivers shape two dimensions of our

behavior.

• Attachment anxiety

• Attachment avoidance

Family and Self (2 of 2)

Four attachment styles:

• Secure attachment

• Preoccupied attachment

• Dismissive attachment

• Fearful attachment

Culture and Self

Culture: An established, coherent set of beliefs, attitudes,

values, and practices shared by a large group of people

• Membership in individualistic versus collectivistic culture

shapes our views of self.

Communicating Your Self

People know and judge the “you” who communicates with

them, not the “you” you keep inside.

Maintaining Your Public Self (1 of 2)

Face: The public self you want others to see and know

(Goffman)

Maintaining Your Public Self (2 of 2)

Mask: A public self designed to conceal your private self

Example: Rick Welts

Embarrassment: Losing face creates feelings of shame,

humiliation, and sadness.

Disclosing Your Private Self (1 of 2)

Self-disclosure: Revealing private information about your

self to others

Interpersonal process model of intimacy: Closeness

we feel toward others is created through self-disclosure

and the responsiveness of listeners.

Disclosing Your Self to Others (2 of 2)

Self-disclosure:

• Varies across and within cultures

• Happens more quickly online

• Promotes mental health

• Occurs among men and women equally

The Relational Self (1 of 3)

We carefully craft the presentation of our self to create

interpersonal relationships.

The Relational Self (2 of 3)

Social penetration theory: Revealing the self to others

involves peeling back or penetrating layers.

• Breadth: The number of different aspects of self

revealed at each layer

• Depth: How deeply into each other’s self the partners

have penetrated

The Layers of Self

figure 2.3

The Relational Self (3 of 3)

Intimacy: Feeling of closeness and “union” that exists

between us and our partners

Your Hidden and Revealed Self

Some “quadrants” of our selves are open to self-reflection

and sharing with other people.

Others remain hidden.

The Johari window: Each of us has a public area, a hidden

area, a blind area, and an unknown area.

The Johari Window

figure 2.4

Competently Disclosing Yourself

Ways to improve your self-disclosure skills:

• Know yourself.

• Know your audience.

• Don’t force others to self-disclose.

• Avoid gender stereotypes.

• Be sensitive to cultural differences.

• Go slowly.

The Social Media Self

Interacting online gives us freedom to be flexible with our

identities and to control how others perceive us.

Self-Presentation on Social Media

Selfie: A positive photo of oneself taken by oneself

Always consider the warranting value of information

presented to you online.

• Degree to which it is supported by other people and

outside evidence

Improving Your Social Media

Self-Presentation

Three ways to improve online self-presentation:

• Be wary of information that contradicts your self-image.

• Routinely conduct web searches on yourself.

• Keep the interview test in mind.

Unit1instructions.docx

unit1pdf.pdf

Reflect and Relate, 6th Edition

Chapter 1: Introducing Interpersonal

Communication

What Is Communication?

Communication: The process through which “people use

messages to generate meanings within and across

contexts, cultures, channels, and media”

Defining Communication

Communication:

• Is a process

• Uses messages

• Is exchanged through interaction

• Uses various modalities

• Happens via sensory channels

• Occurs in contexts

Communication Technologies Used by U.S.

Young Adults, Ages 18 to 29

figure 1.1

Understanding Communication Models

Three models of the communication process:

• Linear communication model

▪ Sender, noise, receiver

• Interactive communication model

▪ Feedback, fields of experience

• Transactional communication model

▪ Fundamentally multidirectional, collaboratively create meanings

Linear Model of Communication

figure 1.2

Interactive Model of Communication

figure 1.3

Transactional Model of Communication

figure 1.4

What Is Interpersonal Communication?

A dynamic form of communication between two (or more)

people in which the messages exchanged significantly

influence their thoughts, emotions, behaviors, and

relationships

Defining Interpersonal Communication

(1 of 2)

Interpersonal communication is:

• Dynamic

• Typically transactional

• Primarily dyadic

• Creates impact

Intrapersonal communication involves:

• One person, aloud or internally

Defining Interpersonal Communication

(2 of 2)

Buber names two ways of relating to others:

• I-Thou: Deepens bonds and affirms individual

uniqueness

• I-It: Leads to interpersonal communication and

even disrespectful communication

Principles of Interpersonal Communication

(1 of 2)

Interpersonal communication:

• Conveys content and relationship information

▪ Meta-communication: Communication about

communication

Principles of Interpersonal Communication

(2 of 2)

Interpersonal communication:

• Can be intentional or unintentional

• Is irreversible

• Is dynamic

Motives for Interpersonal

Communication (1 of 2)

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs:

1. Physical

2. Safety

3. Social

4. Self-esteem

5. Self-actualization

Motives for Interpersonal

Communication (2 of 2)

Interpersonal communication fulfills three types of goals:

• Self-presentation goals

• Instrumental goals

• Relationship goals

What Is Interpersonal Communication

Competence?

Interpersonal communication competence:

Consistently communicating in ways that are appropriate,

effective, and ethical

Understanding Competence (1 of 3)

Communication skills: Repeatable, goal-directed

behaviors and behavioral patterns routinely practiced in

interpersonal encounters and relationships

Understanding Competence (2 of 3)

Appropriateness: The degree to which your

communication matches situational, relational, and cultural

expectations

Understanding Competence (3 of 3)

Effectiveness: The ability to use communication to

accomplish self-presentational, instrumental, and

relational goals

Ethics: The set of moral principles that guide our behavior

toward others

Improving Your Mediated

Communication Competence (1 of 2)

Mediated communication: Interactions using devices

such as mobile phones, laptops and desktops, and tablets

through social media, email, texting, or in massively

multiplayer online video games

Improving Your Mediated

Communication Competence (2 of 2)

• Choose your medium wisely.

• Don’t assume TMC is more efficient.

• Presume posts are public.

• Remember posts are permanent.

• Practice creating drafts.

Issues in Interpersonal Communication

• Culture

• Gender

• Sexual orientation

• Technologically mediated communication

• The dark side of interpersonal relationships

unit1pdf2.pdf

Reflect and Relate, 6th Edition

Chapter 2: Considering Self

The Components of Self

The self: An evolving composite of three components that

develop continually over time based on life experience

Self-Awareness

Self-awareness: The ability to view yourself as a unique

person and to reflect on your thoughts, feelings, and

behaviors

Self-monitoring: Using self-awareness to assess how

well your communication matches situational norms

Social comparison (Mead): Observing and assigning

meaning to others’ behavior and then comparing it with

your own

Self-Concept (1 of 2)

Self-concept: Your overall perception of who you are,

based on the beliefs, attitudes, and values you have about

yourself

Looking-glass self: Your self-concept as shaped by what

you believe others think of you

Self-Concept (2 of 2)

Self-concept clarity: The degree to which you have a

clearly defined, consistent, and enduring sense of self

Self-fulfilling prophecies: Predictions about future

interactions that lead us to behave in ways that ensure the

interaction unfolds as we predicted

Self-Esteem (1 of 2)

Self-esteem: The overall value, positive or negative, that

we assign to ourselves

Low Self-Esteem: A Vicious Cycle

figure 2.1

Self-Esteem (2 of 2)

Self-discrepancy theory: Your self-esteem is determined

by how you compare to your ideal self and ought self.

The Sources of Self

Our selves are shaped by the powerful outside forces:

gender, family, and culture.

Gender and Self

Gender: The composite of social, psychological, and

behavioral attributes that a particular culture associates

with an individual’s biological self

Family and Self (1 of 2)

Interactions with caregivers shape two dimensions of our

behavior.

• Attachment anxiety

• Attachment avoidance

Family and Self (2 of 2)

Four attachment styles:

• Secure attachment

• Preoccupied attachment

• Dismissive attachment

• Fearful attachment

Culture and Self

Culture: An established, coherent set of beliefs, attitudes,

values, and practices shared by a large group of people

• Membership in individualistic versus collectivistic culture

shapes our views of self.

Communicating Your Self

People know and judge the “you” who communicates with

them, not the “you” you keep inside.

Maintaining Your Public Self (1 of 2)

Face: The public self you want others to see and know

(Goffman)

Maintaining Your Public Self (2 of 2)

Mask: A public self designed to conceal your private self

Example: Rick Welts

Embarrassment: Losing face creates feelings of shame,

humiliation, and sadness.

Disclosing Your Private Self (1 of 2)

Self-disclosure: Revealing private information about your

self to others

Interpersonal process model of intimacy: Closeness

we feel toward others is created through self-disclosure

and the responsiveness of listeners.

Disclosing Your Self to Others (2 of 2)

Self-disclosure:

• Varies across and within cultures

• Happens more quickly online

• Promotes mental health

• Occurs among men and women equally

The Relational Self (1 of 3)

We carefully craft the presentation of our self to create

interpersonal relationships.

The Relational Self (2 of 3)

Social penetration theory: Revealing the self to others

involves peeling back or penetrating layers.

• Breadth: The number of different aspects of self

revealed at each layer

• Depth: How deeply into each other’s self the partners

have penetrated

The Layers of Self

figure 2.3

The Relational Self (3 of 3)

Intimacy: Feeling of closeness and “union” that exists

between us and our partners

Your Hidden and Revealed Self

Some “quadrants” of our selves are open to self-reflection

and sharing with other people.

Others remain hidden.

The Johari window: Each of us has a public area, a hidden

area, a blind area, and an unknown area.

The Johari Window

figure 2.4

Competently Disclosing Yourself

Ways to improve your self-disclosure skills:

• Know yourself.

• Know your audience.

• Don’t force others to self-disclose.

• Avoid gender stereotypes.

• Be sensitive to cultural differences.

• Go slowly.

The Social Media Self

Interacting online gives us freedom to be flexible with our

identities and to control how others perceive us.

Self-Presentation on Social Media

Selfie: A positive photo of oneself taken by oneself

Always consider the warranting value of information

presented to you online.

• Degree to which it is supported by other people and

outside evidence

Improving Your Social Media

Self-Presentation

Three ways to improve online self-presentation:

• Be wary of information that contradicts your self-image.

• Routinely conduct web searches on yourself.

• Keep the interview test in mind.

other Questions(10)