Discussion

Running head: THE LINK BETWEEN THE NFL AND CTE 1

THE LINK BETWEEN THE NFL AND CTE

The Link between the NFL and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)

Gregory Nelson 

Embry Riddle 

ENG 123 

Prof Yount 

 

Abstract

Football is one of the most watched sports, and it is found to be related to the incidence of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. The NFL has taken steps to lessen the hazards involved with the activity. Football is really appealing and well-liked, therefore it's important to talk about any concerns that might be involved. This paper tries to dive into the complexity of this relationship by looking at CTE's symptoms and risk factors, diagnostic techniques, the NFL's efforts to address the problem, criticisms of the NFL's reaction, the need for continued research, and player safety precautions. Studies show Football and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) are linked and it is related to the occurrence of head injury among players. The football community must come together to place a high priority on ongoing research and player safety measures.

The Link between the NFL and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)

Football, a sport widely known for its appeal and popularity, has become a subject of concern regarding its potential association with Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) (NFL VP concedes CTE, 2016). This research paper aims to delve into the complex nature of this connection, exploring the symptoms and risk factors of CTE, methods of diagnosis, the NFL's efforts to address the issue, critiques of the NFL's response, and the significance of ongoing research and player safety measures. By examining these aspects, we can understand the joint accountability of the football community in combating CTE.

Football has gained immense popularity globally, captivating the hearts of fans and players alike. The sport's physicality, strategy, and community engagement contribute to its widespread appeal (NFL VP concedes CTE, 2016). Football remains the most-watched sport in the United States, attracting millions of viewers each season (Norman, 2023). However, this popularity has also raised concerns about the potential risks associated with the sport, particularly in relation to head injuries and the development of CTE.

Research has raised concerns about the connection between football and CTE, highlighting the potential long-term effects of head trauma in the sport (NFL VP concedes CTE, 2016). CTE, a degenerative brain condition, has been identified as a significant concern among football players due to repeated blows to the head. The accumulation of subconcussive and concussive impacts over time can result in the degeneration of brain tissue and the onset of CTE symptoms (Smith et al., 2013).

CTE manifests through various symptoms that develop over time. These include depression, confusion, and memory loss, affecting the cognitive and emotional well-being of individuals (Omalu, 2014). Players with CTE may experience mood swings, aggression, and difficulties with impulse control (Omalu, 2014). Physical signs like convulsions and tremors may emerge as the condition progresses (Golden & Zusman, 2019).

Several risk factors contribute to the development of CTE. Previous concussions and brain traumas have been identified as significant factors (Cantu, 2007). The cumulative effect of these injuries increases the likelihood of individuals developing CTE later in life. Additionally, an early start and extended engagement in football heighten the risk of exposure to repetitive head impacts (Cantu, 2007).

Diagnosing CTE is challenging but essential for early intervention. Post-mortem examination of the brain's tissue allows for the identification of CTE-related abnormalities (Omalu, 2014). Advanced imaging techniques such as MRI and CT scans can provide valuable insights into brain abnormalities associated with CTE (Smith et al., 2013). Neuropsychological evaluations and interviews with individuals at risk or exhibiting symptoms aid in the diagnostic process.

The NFL has recognized the importance of addressing CTE and has implemented several initiatives to mitigate the risks associated with the sport. The league supports CTE research, providing funding and collaborating with scientific organizations to further our understanding of the condition (NFL VP concedes CTE, 2016). Improvements in safety procedures and equipment aim to reduce the occurrence and impact of head injuries during play. The implementation of rule changes, such as modifying kickoff rules, demonstrates the NFL's commitment to player safety (Volin, 2023). The league has also invested in the development and promotion of safer tackling techniques, such as the "Heads Up Football '' program, which aims to educate coaches and players on proper tackling forms to minimize head impacts (Kerr et al., 2017). Additionally, the NFL emphasizes the education of players and stakeholders about the risks associated with football. This includes providing comprehensive information about the signs and symptoms of CTE and promoting responsible play.

Despite the NFL's efforts, criticisms have emerged regarding their response to the connection between football and CTE. Some argue that the league has been slow to recognize and address the link between football and CTE. Critics highlight the need for more comprehensive measures to protect the well-being of athletes participating in football and to address the risks associated with CTE (Mayer, 2014). In particular, concerns have been raised about the adequacy of player safety precautions and the timeliness of implementing necessary changes to prevent head injuries (Mayer, 2014).

In conclusion, the intricate connection between football and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) necessitates ongoing research and proactive measures from the football community (NFL VP concedes CTE, 2016). The widespread attraction and popularity of football make it crucial to address the potential risks associated with the sport. The symptoms and risk factors of CTE highlight the importance of early diagnosis and intervention (Omalu, 2014; Cantu, 2007). While the NFL has made efforts to address CTE through supporting research, improving safety procedures and equipment, and educating players and stakeholders (NFL VP concedes CTE, 2016; Love & Solomon, 2015; Volin, 2023), criticisms have been raised regarding the pace of recognition and implementation of necessary precautions (Mayer, 2014). It is crucial for the football community to collectively acknowledge the connection between football and CTE and prioritize ongoing research and player safety measures. By working together, the football community can demonstrate joint accountability in combating CTE and ensuring the long-term well-being of athletes.

References

Cantu, R. C. (2007). CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN THE NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE. Neurosurgery, 61(2), 223–225. https://doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000255514.73967.90

Golden, C. J., & Zusman, M. R. (2019). Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE): Impact on brains, emotions, and cognition. Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Kerr, Z. Y., Kroshus, E., Lee, J. H., Yeargin, S. W., & Dompier, T. P. (2017). Coaches’ Implementation of the USA Football “Heads Up Football” Educational Program. Health Promotion Practice, 19(2), 184–193. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524839917700398 Mayer, A. R. (2014). A call for sports neurology. Neurology, 82(12), 1058-1059.

Love, S., & Solomon, G. S. (2014). Talking With Parents of High School Football Players About Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(5), 1260–1264. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546514535187

Norman, B. J. (2023, June 26). Football Still Americans’ Favorite Sport to Watch. Gallup.com. https://news.gallup.com/poll/224864/football-americans-favorite-sport-watch.aspx#:~:text=WASHINGTON%2C%20D.C.%20--%20American%20football%2C%20under%20attack%20from,favored%20by%2011%25%2C%20and%20baseball%2C%20favored%20by%209%25.

NFL VP concedes CTE, sportare linked. (2016, Mar 15). The Washington Post http://ezproxy.libproxy.db.erau.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/newspapers/nflvp-concedes-cte-sportare-linked/docview/1773275896/se-2

Omalu, B. (2014). Chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 10, 1-24.

Smith, D. H., Johnson, V. E., & Stewart, W. (2013). Chronic neuropathologies of single and repetitive TBI: Substrates of dementia? Nature Reviews Neurology, 9(4), 211-221.

Volin, B. (2023, May 23). NFL makes changes to kickoff rules for player safety, but not everyone likes it. Boston Globe.