Critical thinking | Psychology homework help

MultipleIntelligencesPartA.docx

Multiple Intelligences Introduction

Did you ever feel that you were much better at certain courses than others? Did you ever feel that you learn better under some conditions than others? Do you like to listen to music when you study? Do you like to be alone when you study or, on the other hand, do you like to get together with friends and study as a group? Do you learn better by listening to lecture in class, or do you learn better when the teacher encourages a lot of class discussion? Do you prefer math class to art? Do you prefer history or sociology over algebra? Do you learn better if you go to the gym or go for a run before or after studying? Do you think you learn better when you can actually move around during class? Do you think that you learn better sitting outside under a tree in the shade, or do you find it easier to concentrate in a typical classroom? Do you enjoy traditional face-to-face learning over online courses, or is it the other way around for you? These questions could go on and on, but I want you to consider some of these questions and think about which of them seem to describe how you feel about learning. One of the first things I really want to drive home in this first week of the course is the concept of metacognition. Metacognition, or metacognitive knowledge, simply means “knowledge of cognition in general as well as awareness of one’s own cognitive processes” (Arends 260). Simply put, metacognition is thinking about how you think and understanding how you as an individual learn. I want you to begin to develop a sense of metacognition during this course, and I want you to begin developing it as early as possible. In fact, it has been shown that “the most effective learners are increasingly conscious of how they learn” (Joyce and Weil 14). Specifically, I want you to be

Stewart 1

familiar with Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences. I don’t expect you to understand this theory inside and out, but I want you to understand what your own learning style, or intelligence style is according to this theory. Howard Gardner has broken all the intelligence styles down as follows:

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Linguistic. Ability to understand and use spoken and written

communication. Ideal vocation: poet* Logical-mathematical. Ability to understand and use logic and numerical symbols and operations. Ideal vocation: computer programmer. Musical, Ability to understand and use such concepts as rhythm, pitch, melody, and harmony. Ideal vocation: composer. Visual-Spatial. Ability to orient and manipulate three-dimensional space. Ideal vocation: architect, artist. Bodily-kinesthetic. Ability to coordinate physical movement. Ideal vocation: athlete. Naturalistic. Ability to distinguish and categorize objects or phenomena in nature. Ideal vocation: zoologist. Interpersonal. Ability to understand and interact well with other people. Ideal vocation: politician; salesperson. Intrapersonal. Ability to understand and use one's thoughts, feelings, preferences, and interests. Ideal vocation: autobiographer; entrepreneur. (Although high intrapersonal intelligence

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should help in almost any job because of its role in self regulation, few paid positions reward a person solely for knowing himself or herself well.) Existential. Ability to contemplate phenomena or questions beyond sensory data, such as the infinite and infinitesimal.

Ideal vocation: cosmologist; philosopher.

Conclusion

The above break-down of these intelligence types is from the article Orchestrating Multiple Intelligences which Gardner co-wrote with colleagues a few years back. This is the most recent update of this theory. As you read the above descriptions, you may have felt that some of them described you and how you think or learn. In fact, you may have felt that more than one of them applied. That is normal, as we all use many of them to different extents, but tend to lean more heavily to one or the other. Consider the questions I asked at the beginning of this paper. If you felt you do learn better reading under a tree, you are probably a naturalistic learner. If you learn well by participating in class discussion or by getting together with friends in study groups, you are probably a strong interpersonal learner. If you like to study on your own you are probably a strong intrapersonal learner. If going for a run after studying gives you time to digest what you have read, you may be a bodily-kinesthetic learner. Hopefully you get the idea. At this time I want you to go to the following website and take the free multiple intelligences quiz to see what your strongest learning styles appear to be. Don’t lose this information as it will be part of the discussion board for week one! Here is a link to the quiz (it will only take a few minutes- try to answer each question as honestly as you can):

Online MI quiz (opens in new window) - http://literacyworks.org/mi/assessment/findyourstrengths.html

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page3image2987023104

If you disagree with this quiz, or just want to try some other versions, feel free to do so and share that information with us in the discussion board as well. If you want to try others just go to Google or some other search engine and type in Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Test and see what the results are. There are many free quizzes to be found online. Have some fun with this, and remember, save your results for discussion. If you try more than one test, let us know which ones you tried and their results too!

Stewart 4

Works Cited

Arends, Richard I. Learning to Teach. 7th ed. Boston, Mass.: McGraw Hill, 2007.

Joyce, Bruce, and Marsha Weil. Models of Teaching. 7th ed. Boston: n.p., 2004.

Moran, Seana, Mindy Kornhaber, and Howard Gardner. “ Orchestrating multiple intelligences.” Educational Leadership 64.1 (2006).

Multiple Intelligences for Adult Literacy and Education. Literacy Works. 14 Mar. 2009 <http://literacyworks.org/mi/assessment/findyourstrengths.html>.

Potter, W. James. Becoming a Strategic Thinker: Developing Skills for Success. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2005.

image1.png

PlotKnowledgeStructures.pdf

Plotting Your Knowledge Structures

How do you show what you know?

Introduction to plotting knowledge structures

• There is no one “right” way to plot your knowledge structure as long as it makes some kind of sense to you and you can explain it to others. The following presentation demonstrates some ways you could plot knowledge structures to show someone what you know or how you think about a topic.

• Note: this is also sometimes referred to as “mind mapping.”

Cars as a knowledge structure

Music as a knowledge structure

In this image we see a bubble diagram of music as a knowledge structure. The person who created this started with a circle near the middle and simply labeled it "music." Then, six more circles were drawn around it. Each of them are connected to the central music circle by a line. Each of them has a different label. The one at the top is labeled Jazz. The next clockwise from the top is labeled Classical. The next is Rock and Roll. The next is Soul. The next is Rap, and finally, the last one is Country. Four lines then branch out from the circle labeled Rock and Roll and each end in another circle. The first of these is labeled Classic Rock. The next is New Wave Rock. Below this is Alternative Rock, and finally, the last of the four circles connected to Rock & Roll is 50s Do-wop. Clearly this person knows more about rock than the other forms of music they are at least aware of. How might they have branched these out still further? By artists? By songs? It is really up to the individual and how they structure this knowledge in their own mind!

MultipleIntelligencesPartA.docx

Multiple Intelligences Introduction

Did you ever feel that you were much better at certain courses than others? Did you ever feel that you learn better under some conditions than others? Do you like to listen to music when you study? Do you like to be alone when you study or, on the other hand, do you like to get together with friends and study as a group? Do you learn better by listening to lecture in class, or do you learn better when the teacher encourages a lot of class discussion? Do you prefer math class to art? Do you prefer history or sociology over algebra? Do you learn better if you go to the gym or go for a run before or after studying? Do you think you learn better when you can actually move around during class? Do you think that you learn better sitting outside under a tree in the shade, or do you find it easier to concentrate in a typical classroom? Do you enjoy traditional face-to-face learning over online courses, or is it the other way around for you? These questions could go on and on, but I want you to consider some of these questions and think about which of them seem to describe how you feel about learning. One of the first things I really want to drive home in this first week of the course is the concept of metacognition. Metacognition, or metacognitive knowledge, simply means “knowledge of cognition in general as well as awareness of one’s own cognitive processes” (Arends 260). Simply put, metacognition is thinking about how you think and understanding how you as an individual learn. I want you to begin to develop a sense of metacognition during this course, and I want you to begin developing it as early as possible. In fact, it has been shown that “the most effective learners are increasingly conscious of how they learn” (Joyce and Weil 14). Specifically, I want you to be

Stewart 1

familiar with Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences. I don’t expect you to understand this theory inside and out, but I want you to understand what your own learning style, or intelligence style is according to this theory. Howard Gardner has broken all the intelligence styles down as follows:

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Linguistic. Ability to understand and use spoken and written

communication. Ideal vocation: poet* Logical-mathematical. Ability to understand and use logic and numerical symbols and operations. Ideal vocation: computer programmer. Musical, Ability to understand and use such concepts as rhythm, pitch, melody, and harmony. Ideal vocation: composer. Visual-Spatial. Ability to orient and manipulate three-dimensional space. Ideal vocation: architect, artist. Bodily-kinesthetic. Ability to coordinate physical movement. Ideal vocation: athlete. Naturalistic. Ability to distinguish and categorize objects or phenomena in nature. Ideal vocation: zoologist. Interpersonal. Ability to understand and interact well with other people. Ideal vocation: politician; salesperson. Intrapersonal. Ability to understand and use one's thoughts, feelings, preferences, and interests. Ideal vocation: autobiographer; entrepreneur. (Although high intrapersonal intelligence

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should help in almost any job because of its role in self regulation, few paid positions reward a person solely for knowing himself or herself well.) Existential. Ability to contemplate phenomena or questions beyond sensory data, such as the infinite and infinitesimal.

Ideal vocation: cosmologist; philosopher.

Conclusion

The above break-down of these intelligence types is from the article Orchestrating Multiple Intelligences which Gardner co-wrote with colleagues a few years back. This is the most recent update of this theory. As you read the above descriptions, you may have felt that some of them described you and how you think or learn. In fact, you may have felt that more than one of them applied. That is normal, as we all use many of them to different extents, but tend to lean more heavily to one or the other. Consider the questions I asked at the beginning of this paper. If you felt you do learn better reading under a tree, you are probably a naturalistic learner. If you learn well by participating in class discussion or by getting together with friends in study groups, you are probably a strong interpersonal learner. If you like to study on your own you are probably a strong intrapersonal learner. If going for a run after studying gives you time to digest what you have read, you may be a bodily-kinesthetic learner. Hopefully you get the idea. At this time I want you to go to the following website and take the free multiple intelligences quiz to see what your strongest learning styles appear to be. Don’t lose this information as it will be part of the discussion board for week one! Here is a link to the quiz (it will only take a few minutes- try to answer each question as honestly as you can):

Online MI quiz (opens in new window) - http://literacyworks.org/mi/assessment/findyourstrengths.html

Stewart 3

page3image2987023104

If you disagree with this quiz, or just want to try some other versions, feel free to do so and share that information with us in the discussion board as well. If you want to try others just go to Google or some other search engine and type in Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Test and see what the results are. There are many free quizzes to be found online. Have some fun with this, and remember, save your results for discussion. If you try more than one test, let us know which ones you tried and their results too!

Stewart 4

Works Cited

Arends, Richard I. Learning to Teach. 7th ed. Boston, Mass.: McGraw Hill, 2007.

Joyce, Bruce, and Marsha Weil. Models of Teaching. 7th ed. Boston: n.p., 2004.

Moran, Seana, Mindy Kornhaber, and Howard Gardner. “ Orchestrating multiple intelligences.” Educational Leadership 64.1 (2006).

Multiple Intelligences for Adult Literacy and Education. Literacy Works. 14 Mar. 2009 <http://literacyworks.org/mi/assessment/findyourstrengths.html>.

Potter, W. James. Becoming a Strategic Thinker: Developing Skills for Success. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2005.

image1.png

PlotKnowledgeStructures.pdf

Plotting Your Knowledge Structures

How do you show what you know?

Introduction to plotting knowledge structures

• There is no one “right” way to plot your knowledge structure as long as it makes some kind of sense to you and you can explain it to others. The following presentation demonstrates some ways you could plot knowledge structures to show someone what you know or how you think about a topic.

• Note: this is also sometimes referred to as “mind mapping.”

Cars as a knowledge structure

Music as a knowledge structure

In this image we see a bubble diagram of music as a knowledge structure. The person who created this started with a circle near the middle and simply labeled it "music." Then, six more circles were drawn around it. Each of them are connected to the central music circle by a line. Each of them has a different label. The one at the top is labeled Jazz. The next clockwise from the top is labeled Classical. The next is Rock and Roll. The next is Soul. The next is Rap, and finally, the last one is Country. Four lines then branch out from the circle labeled Rock and Roll and each end in another circle. The first of these is labeled Classic Rock. The next is New Wave Rock. Below this is Alternative Rock, and finally, the last of the four circles connected to Rock & Roll is 50s Do-wop. Clearly this person knows more about rock than the other forms of music they are at least aware of. How might they have branched these out still further? By artists? By songs? It is really up to the individual and how they structure this knowledge in their own mind!

MultipleIntelligencesPartA.docx

Multiple Intelligences Introduction

Did you ever feel that you were much better at certain courses than others? Did you ever feel that you learn better under some conditions than others? Do you like to listen to music when you study? Do you like to be alone when you study or, on the other hand, do you like to get together with friends and study as a group? Do you learn better by listening to lecture in class, or do you learn better when the teacher encourages a lot of class discussion? Do you prefer math class to art? Do you prefer history or sociology over algebra? Do you learn better if you go to the gym or go for a run before or after studying? Do you think you learn better when you can actually move around during class? Do you think that you learn better sitting outside under a tree in the shade, or do you find it easier to concentrate in a typical classroom? Do you enjoy traditional face-to-face learning over online courses, or is it the other way around for you? These questions could go on and on, but I want you to consider some of these questions and think about which of them seem to describe how you feel about learning. One of the first things I really want to drive home in this first week of the course is the concept of metacognition. Metacognition, or metacognitive knowledge, simply means “knowledge of cognition in general as well as awareness of one’s own cognitive processes” (Arends 260). Simply put, metacognition is thinking about how you think and understanding how you as an individual learn. I want you to begin to develop a sense of metacognition during this course, and I want you to begin developing it as early as possible. In fact, it has been shown that “the most effective learners are increasingly conscious of how they learn” (Joyce and Weil 14). Specifically, I want you to be

Stewart 1

familiar with Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences. I don’t expect you to understand this theory inside and out, but I want you to understand what your own learning style, or intelligence style is according to this theory. Howard Gardner has broken all the intelligence styles down as follows:

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Linguistic. Ability to understand and use spoken and written

communication. Ideal vocation: poet* Logical-mathematical. Ability to understand and use logic and numerical symbols and operations. Ideal vocation: computer programmer. Musical, Ability to understand and use such concepts as rhythm, pitch, melody, and harmony. Ideal vocation: composer. Visual-Spatial. Ability to orient and manipulate three-dimensional space. Ideal vocation: architect, artist. Bodily-kinesthetic. Ability to coordinate physical movement. Ideal vocation: athlete. Naturalistic. Ability to distinguish and categorize objects or phenomena in nature. Ideal vocation: zoologist. Interpersonal. Ability to understand and interact well with other people. Ideal vocation: politician; salesperson. Intrapersonal. Ability to understand and use one's thoughts, feelings, preferences, and interests. Ideal vocation: autobiographer; entrepreneur. (Although high intrapersonal intelligence

Stewart 2

should help in almost any job because of its role in self regulation, few paid positions reward a person solely for knowing himself or herself well.) Existential. Ability to contemplate phenomena or questions beyond sensory data, such as the infinite and infinitesimal.

Ideal vocation: cosmologist; philosopher.

Conclusion

The above break-down of these intelligence types is from the article Orchestrating Multiple Intelligences which Gardner co-wrote with colleagues a few years back. This is the most recent update of this theory. As you read the above descriptions, you may have felt that some of them described you and how you think or learn. In fact, you may have felt that more than one of them applied. That is normal, as we all use many of them to different extents, but tend to lean more heavily to one or the other. Consider the questions I asked at the beginning of this paper. If you felt you do learn better reading under a tree, you are probably a naturalistic learner. If you learn well by participating in class discussion or by getting together with friends in study groups, you are probably a strong interpersonal learner. If you like to study on your own you are probably a strong intrapersonal learner. If going for a run after studying gives you time to digest what you have read, you may be a bodily-kinesthetic learner. Hopefully you get the idea. At this time I want you to go to the following website and take the free multiple intelligences quiz to see what your strongest learning styles appear to be. Don’t lose this information as it will be part of the discussion board for week one! Here is a link to the quiz (it will only take a few minutes- try to answer each question as honestly as you can):

Online MI quiz (opens in new window) - http://literacyworks.org/mi/assessment/findyourstrengths.html

Stewart 3

page3image2987023104

If you disagree with this quiz, or just want to try some other versions, feel free to do so and share that information with us in the discussion board as well. If you want to try others just go to Google or some other search engine and type in Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Test and see what the results are. There are many free quizzes to be found online. Have some fun with this, and remember, save your results for discussion. If you try more than one test, let us know which ones you tried and their results too!

Stewart 4

Works Cited

Arends, Richard I. Learning to Teach. 7th ed. Boston, Mass.: McGraw Hill, 2007.

Joyce, Bruce, and Marsha Weil. Models of Teaching. 7th ed. Boston: n.p., 2004.

Moran, Seana, Mindy Kornhaber, and Howard Gardner. “ Orchestrating multiple intelligences.” Educational Leadership 64.1 (2006).

Multiple Intelligences for Adult Literacy and Education. Literacy Works. 14 Mar. 2009 <http://literacyworks.org/mi/assessment/findyourstrengths.html>.

Potter, W. James. Becoming a Strategic Thinker: Developing Skills for Success. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2005.