Commercials for chewing gum make claims about how long the flavor will last. In fact, some commercials ...

Commercials for chewing gum make claims about how long the flavor will last. In fact, some commercials claim that the flavor lasts too long, affecting sales and profit. Let’s put those claims to a test. Imagine a student decides to compare four different gums using five participants. Each randomly selected participant was asked to chew a different piece of gum each day for 4 days, such that at the end of the 4 days, each participant had chewed all 4 types of gum. The order of the gums was randomly determined for each participant. After 2 hours of chewing, participants recorded the intensity of flavor from 1 (not intense) to 9 (very intense). Here are some hypothetical data:

Participant

Gum 1

Gum 2

Gum 3

Gum 4

1

4

8

5

2

2

6

6

6

2

3

3

9

7

3

4

4

9

4

2

5

4

8

5

1

Conduct all 6 steps of hypothesis testing (present results in a source table) as well as post hoc tests and a measure of effect size.