Business Finance - Operations Management Assignment 3 week 5

2

The Impact of the U.S. Economy on Transportation and Logistics Management

Introduction

The U.S. economy depends on the transportation and logistics sector, which links production centers with consumer markets and allows for the efficient flow of goods and resources across enormous networks. Economic swings can affect transportation and logistics operations. Policymakers, industry executives, and scholars must comprehend the impact of the U.S. economy on logistics and transportation management. This literature review summarizes major findings and insights from several researches on this topic, highlighting industry challenges and opportunities in changing market conditions.

Literature Review

Gallen and Winston (2021) use general equilibrium to examine transportation capital's impact on the US economy. According to the authors, transportation infrastructure investment can boost economic development, employment, and productivity. They also suggest that transportation capital investment improves other economic sectors. The study emphasizes considering economic sector interdependence when assessing transportation infrastructure investment. The authors conclude that transportation capital investment can boost economic growth and development. Overall, the essay sheds light on transportation's role in the US economy and the benefits of infrastructure investment.

Logistics development affects economic growth in Guangdong Province, China, according to Li and Chen (2021). Logistics development boosts economic growth, according to empirical studies. According to the report, logistics growth may help boost other industries and resource allocation. According to the authors, logistics development is crucial to Guangdong Province's economic growth. The article explores logistics' role in economic growth and the benefits of logistics infrastructure investment. Overall, the study adds to logistics and economic development knowledge and helps logistics policymakers and practitioners.

Bajusz's 2019 book examines arms sales and the US economy. The author claims that arms sales can boost or hurt the US economy. On one side, arms sales can boost US defense firms' earnings and create jobs. Arms sales can siphon resources from other industries and cause global instability and violence. Arms sales' economic, political, and social effects on the US economy and society are examined in the book. Arms sales and ethics in US foreign policy are also discussed. Overall, the book contributes to the literature on arms sales and the US economy and sheds light on the complicated arms trade challenges.

Zhang and Graham thoroughly reviewed the impact mechanism and causal linkages between air transport and economic growth (2020). According to the authors, air transport affects economic growth through trade, tourism, foreign direct investment, and knowledge spillovers. The study also finds that air transport boosts economic growth in developed and emerging nations. The authors recommend policymakers consider investing in air transport infrastructure to boost economic growth. The article discusses air transport's role in economic growth and the benefits of improving connectivity. The study adds to the literature on air transport and economic development and informs air transport policymakers and practitioners.

The article by Liu, Lee, and Lee (2020) explores the challenges and opportunities given by the COVID-19 global health crisis. Supply chains, digital revolution, and remote labor are examined as pandemic management and business impacts. The study also examines Asian businesses' and governments' pandemic responses, emphasizing the importance of agility, resilience, and creativity in crisis management. Asia's businesses face challenges and opportunities from the pandemic, and those that can adapt and innovate will survive better. Insights regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Asian businesses are provided in the article, which also emphasizes the importance of strategic planning and risk management during times of crisis. The study adds to the global health crises literature's management and business implications and helps policymakers and business practitioners.

The economic impact of the COVID-19 outbreak and the need for epidemic preparedness are discussed in the article by Pak et al. (2020). The writers look at the pandemic's impact on the global economy, including how it affects employment, commerce, and investment. The study also examines governments' and international organizations' responses to the pandemic's economic consequences, emphasizing the importance of coordinated action and preparedness for future epidemics. The authors claim that the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed global economic vulnerabilities and highlighted the need for more epidemic preparedness and response investment. Insights into the economic impact of the COVID-19 outbreak are provided in the article, which also emphasizes the importance of preventive measures to lessen the impact of future epidemics.

Furthermore, the article by Adedoyin et al. (2020) explores the implications of air transportation, energy, information, and communication technology (ICT), and foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth in the US in Industry 4.0. The study employs panel data analysis to find that air transportation, energy, and ICT boost economic growth, but FDI hurts it. These findings show that policymakers and businesses need to invest in air transportation, energy, and ICT infrastructure to boost economic growth and competitiveness in Industry 4.0. The article discusses transportation and logistics in the US economy and the importance of strategic planning and infrastructure investment for economic growth. The study contributed to the literature on the US economy's impact on transportation and logistics management and provided useful information for policymakers and practitioners.

Standing et al.'s (2019) article examines how the sharing economy affects travel in the US. The sharing economy lets people and businesses pool resources and cut costs, which might disrupt transportation and logistics paradigms, according to the authors. A study on the impact of the sharing economy on ridesharing, car-sharing, bike-sharing, and freight-sharing outlines the main challenges and opportunities for traditional transportation and logistics organizations. The sharing economy may enhance transport efficiency, congestion, and sustainability, but safety, regulation, and labor rights are concerns. The sharing economy's impact on US transportation and logistics management and the need for businesses to adapt are discussed in the article. The study contributed to the literature on the US economy's impact on transportation and logistics management and provided useful information for policymakers and practitioners.

Considering biomass-fossil energy use and growth, the article by Umar et al. (2021) explores the importance of environmental quality in the US transportation industry. The study examines the impact of biomass and fossil energy use on environmental quality in the transportation industry and highlights sustainability challenges and opportunities. The transportation sector contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. Hence, laws and methods to mitigate its environmental impact are needed. The study also shows that biofuels and electric vehicles can lower pollution and enhance the environment. In addition to highlighting the need for collaboration between policymakers and businesses to address environmental issues, the article offers insightful information on the challenges and opportunities for advancing sustainability in the US transportation sector. The study contributed to the literature on the US economy's impact on transportation and logistics management and provided useful information for policymakers and practitioners.

Raza, Shah, and Sharif's (2019) article examines the temporal frequency link between energy consumption, economic growth, and environmental deterioration in the US transportation sector. These variables' relationships at different time scales are examined using wavelet coherence analysis. The study demonstrates a positive association between energy consumption and transportation sector economic growth but a negative environmental impact. Energy conservation and sustainable transportation regulations are needed to reduce the environmental impact of the transportation sector's economic growth, according to the authors. Overall, the article illuminates the intricate relationship between the US economy, transportation, and the environment.

The 2020 article by Afrin and Yodo analyzes road traffic congestion measures for a sustainable and resilient transportation system. The writers explore the harmful impact of traffic congestion on the environment, public health, and economy. Intelligent transportation systems, congestion pricing, public transportation, and walking and cycling are among these options. The article also stresses the importance of stakeholder engagement and collaboration in the implementation of these policies. The article sheds light on transportation sustainability and resilience's challenges and opportunities and offers policymakers, transportation planners, and other stakeholders practical advice.

The impact of the pandemic on logistics and crisis management in the agricultural sector is discussed in Gray's (2020) article, "Agriculture, transportation, and the COVID-19 crisis." The author emphasizes the importance of transportation infrastructure in delivering agricultural products to customers. Gray notes that COVID-19-related transportation disruptions have disrupted supply chains, increasing food waste and decreasing food security. The article also talks about the challenges transportation employees, including truck drivers, confront. Gray advises policymakers to prioritize investment in transportation infrastructure and transportation workers to ensure the agricultural supply chain's resilience. Overall, Gray's article sheds light on the impact of the US economy on crisis and logistics management in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cullen et al. (2021) discuss how the US economy affects fuel cell adoption in heavy-duty transportation in "New roads and challenges for fuel cells in heavy-duty transportation." Fuel cells can cut greenhouse gas emissions and enhance transportation energy efficiency, the authors say. They remark that fuel cells' high cost and lack of hydrogen fueling station infrastructure hinder their wider deployment. To overcome these challenges and speed up the deployment of fuel cell technology in heavy-duty transportation, the article highlights the need for regulatory support and public-private collaborations. The authors emphasize the importance of industry stakeholder engagement to standardize fuel cell testing and evaluation methodologies. Overall, Cullen et al.'s article sheds light on fuel cell challenges and opportunities in the US economy and transportation industry.

The impact of the US economy on the electrification of the transportation sector and the supply of vital raw materials is discussed in the article by Hache et al. (2019), titled "Critical raw materials and economy sector electrification: A detailed bottom-up analysis in world transport." Electric vehicles (EVs) can cut greenhouse gas emissions and boost transportation energy efficiency, according to the authors. Lithium, cobalt, and rare earth elements impede EV adoption, they say. The article emphasizes the need for regulatory support and investment in sustainable supply chains for crucial raw materials to electrify transportation. The authors stress the importance of industry stakeholder engagement to develop standardized standards for recycling and reusing crucial raw materials. In the context of the US economy and essential raw material availability, Hache et al.'s article sheds light on transportation sector electrification challenges and opportunities.

Wang et al.'s 2020 article "Railway and road infrastructure in the Belt and Road Initiative countries: Estimating the impact of transport infrastructure on economic growth" examines how transport infrastructure affects BRI economies. The writers emphasize the importance of railway and road infrastructure in BRI countries' economic growth and development. To facilitate economic growth and regional integration, the article emphasizes the need for legislative support and investment in the construction of transportation infrastructure. As BRI countries collaborate to standardize transport infrastructure development and management norms, the authors emphasize their importance. The article by Wang et al. sheds light on how transport infrastructure boosts economic growth in BRI countries and the importance of policy support and collaboration in its development.

Conclusion

The literature on the impact of the U.S. economy on logistics and transportation management, emphasizes the importance of this sector in fostering economic growth and development. Studies show that economic swings can affect transportation and logistics operations, therefore businesses must be initiative-taking in reacting to market changes. Businesses may successfully traverse volatility and maintain their competitiveness in the global market by adopting innovative technologies, forming partnerships with suppliers and logistics providers, and prioritizing responsiveness and risk management. This literature review emphasizes the importance of ongoing research and analysis in this subject to improve policy and practice and assure the transportation and logistics industry's sustained success.

References

Adedoyin, F. F., Bekun, F. V., Driha, O. M., & Balsalobre-Lorente, D. (2020). The effects of air transportation, energy, ICT and FDI on economic growth in the Industry 4.0 era: Evidence from the United States. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 160, 120297.

Afrin, T., & Yodo, N. (2020). A survey of road traffic congestion measures towards a sustainable and resilient transportation system. Sustainability, 12(11), 4660.

Bajusz, W. D. (2019). Arms Sales And The US Economy. Routledge.

Cullen, D. A., Neyerlin, K. C., Ahluwalia, R. K., Mukundan, R., More, K. L., Borup, R. L. & Kusoglu, A. (2021). New roads and challenges for fuel cells in heavy-duty transportation. Nature Energy, 6(5), 462-474.

Gallen, T. S., & Winston, C. (2021). Transportation capital and its effects on the US economy: A general equilibrium approach. Journal of Macroeconomics, 69, 103334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2021.103334

Gray, R. S. (2020). Agriculture, transportation, and the COVID‐19 crisis. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, 68(2), 239-243.

Hache, E., Seck, G. S., Simoen, M., Bonnet, C., & Carcanague, S. (2019). Critical raw materials and transportation sector electrification: A detailed bottom-up analysis in world transport. Applied Energy, 240, 6-25.

Li, X., & Chen, F. (2021). Impact of Logistics Development on Economic Growth: An Empirical Research from Guangdong Province in China. Complexity, 2021, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9950935

Liu, Y., Lee, J. M., & Lee, C. (2020). The challenges and opportunities of a global health crisis: the management and business implications of COVID-19 from an Asian perspective. Asian Business & Management, 19, 277-297.

Pak, A., Adegboye, O. A., Adekunle, A. I., Rahman, K. M., McBryde, E. S., & Eisen, D. P. (2020). Economic consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak: the need for epidemic preparedness. Frontiers in public health, 8, 241.

Raza, S. A., Shah, N., & Sharif, A. (2019). Time-frequency relationship between energy consumption, economic growth, and environmental degradation in the United States: Evidence from the transportation sector. Energy, 173, 706-720.

Standing, C., Standing, S., & Biermann, S. (2019). The implications of the sharing economy for transport. Transport Reviews, 39(2), 226-242.

Umar, M., Ji, X., Kirikkaleli, D., & Alola, A. A. (2021). The imperativeness of environmental quality in the United States transportation sector amidst biomass-fossil energy consumption and growth. Journal of Cleaner Production, 285, 124863.

Wang, C., Lim, M. K., Zhang, X., Zhao, L., & Lee, P. T. W. (2020). Railway and road infrastructure in the Belt and Road Initiative countries: Estimating the impact of transport infrastructure on economic growth. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 134, 288-307.

Zhang, F., & Graham, D. J. (2020). Air transport and economic growth: a review of the impact mechanism and causal relationships. Transport Reviews, 40(4), 506-528.

Literature Review (for the same Research Paper you started) – This week you will expand your week 3 assignment by adding more sources and evaluation of each source to develop a literature review.

1.Collect, organize, analyze, and critique 15 + peer-reviewed research articles that are related to a topic area and problem statement.

2.Write an introduction to your topic and the overall problem you are addressing.


3.Write a literature review.

4.Conclude your literature review with a summary of the gaps in the Literature and how this aligns with your research area of interest.

5.
Your writing should follow the standards established in the course and in-text and end-of-text references should follow APA style manual format.


Assessment Rubric for Literature Review

2

The Impact of the U.S. Economy on Transportation and Logistics Management

Introduction

The U.S. economy depends on the transportation and logistics sector, which links production centers with consumer markets and allows for the efficient flow of goods and resources across enormous networks. Economic swings can affect transportation and logistics operations. Policymakers, industry executives, and scholars must comprehend the impact of the U.S. economy on logistics and transportation management. This literature review summarizes major findings and insights from several researches on this topic, highlighting industry challenges and opportunities in changing market conditions.

Literature Review

Gallen and Winston (2021) use general equilibrium to examine transportation capital's impact on the US economy. According to the authors, transportation infrastructure investment can boost economic development, employment, and productivity. They also suggest that transportation capital investment improves other economic sectors. The study emphasizes considering economic sector interdependence when assessing transportation infrastructure investment. The authors conclude that transportation capital investment can boost economic growth and development. Overall, the essay sheds light on transportation's role in the US economy and the benefits of infrastructure investment.

Logistics development affects economic growth in Guangdong Province, China, according to Li and Chen (2021). Logistics development boosts economic growth, according to empirical studies. According to the report, logistics growth may help boost other industries and resource allocation. According to the authors, logistics development is crucial to Guangdong Province's economic growth. The article explores logistics' role in economic growth and the benefits of logistics infrastructure investment. Overall, the study adds to logistics and economic development knowledge and helps logistics policymakers and practitioners.

Bajusz's 2019 book examines arms sales and the US economy. The author claims that arms sales can boost or hurt the US economy. On one side, arms sales can boost US defense firms' earnings and create jobs. Arms sales can siphon resources from other industries and cause global instability and violence. Arms sales' economic, political, and social effects on the US economy and society are examined in the book. Arms sales and ethics in US foreign policy are also discussed. Overall, the book contributes to the literature on arms sales and the US economy and sheds light on the complicated arms trade challenges.

Zhang and Graham thoroughly reviewed the impact mechanism and causal linkages between air transport and economic growth (2020). According to the authors, air transport affects economic growth through trade, tourism, foreign direct investment, and knowledge spillovers. The study also finds that air transport boosts economic growth in developed and emerging nations. The authors recommend policymakers consider investing in air transport infrastructure to boost economic growth. The article discusses air transport's role in economic growth and the benefits of improving connectivity. The study adds to the literature on air transport and economic development and informs air transport policymakers and practitioners.

The article by Liu, Lee, and Lee (2020) explores the challenges and opportunities given by the COVID-19 global health crisis. Supply chains, digital revolution, and remote labor are examined as pandemic management and business impacts. The study also examines Asian businesses' and governments' pandemic responses, emphasizing the importance of agility, resilience, and creativity in crisis management. Asia's businesses face challenges and opportunities from the pandemic, and those that can adapt and innovate will survive better. Insights regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Asian businesses are provided in the article, which also emphasizes the importance of strategic planning and risk management during times of crisis. The study adds to the global health crises literature's management and business implications and helps policymakers and business practitioners.

The economic impact of the COVID-19 outbreak and the need for epidemic preparedness are discussed in the article by Pak et al. (2020). The writers look at the pandemic's impact on the global economy, including how it affects employment, commerce, and investment. The study also examines governments' and international organizations' responses to the pandemic's economic consequences, emphasizing the importance of coordinated action and preparedness for future epidemics. The authors claim that the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed global economic vulnerabilities and highlighted the need for more epidemic preparedness and response investment. Insights into the economic impact of the COVID-19 outbreak are provided in the article, which also emphasizes the importance of preventive measures to lessen the impact of future epidemics.

Furthermore, the article by Adedoyin et al. (2020) explores the implications of air transportation, energy, information, and communication technology (ICT), and foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth in the US in Industry 4.0. The study employs panel data analysis to find that air transportation, energy, and ICT boost economic growth, but FDI hurts it. These findings show that policymakers and businesses need to invest in air transportation, energy, and ICT infrastructure to boost economic growth and competitiveness in Industry 4.0. The article discusses transportation and logistics in the US economy and the importance of strategic planning and infrastructure investment for economic growth. The study contributed to the literature on the US economy's impact on transportation and logistics management and provided useful information for policymakers and practitioners.

Standing et al.'s (2019) article examines how the sharing economy affects travel in the US. The sharing economy lets people and businesses pool resources and cut costs, which might disrupt transportation and logistics paradigms, according to the authors. A study on the impact of the sharing economy on ridesharing, car-sharing, bike-sharing, and freight-sharing outlines the main challenges and opportunities for traditional transportation and logistics organizations. The sharing economy may enhance transport efficiency, congestion, and sustainability, but safety, regulation, and labor rights are concerns. The sharing economy's impact on US transportation and logistics management and the need for businesses to adapt are discussed in the article. The study contributed to the literature on the US economy's impact on transportation and logistics management and provided useful information for policymakers and practitioners.

Considering biomass-fossil energy use and growth, the article by Umar et al. (2021) explores the importance of environmental quality in the US transportation industry. The study examines the impact of biomass and fossil energy use on environmental quality in the transportation industry and highlights sustainability challenges and opportunities. The transportation sector contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. Hence, laws and methods to mitigate its environmental impact are needed. The study also shows that biofuels and electric vehicles can lower pollution and enhance the environment. In addition to highlighting the need for collaboration between policymakers and businesses to address environmental issues, the article offers insightful information on the challenges and opportunities for advancing sustainability in the US transportation sector. The study contributed to the literature on the US economy's impact on transportation and logistics management and provided useful information for policymakers and practitioners.

Raza, Shah, and Sharif's (2019) article examines the temporal frequency link between energy consumption, economic growth, and environmental deterioration in the US transportation sector. These variables' relationships at different time scales are examined using wavelet coherence analysis. The study demonstrates a positive association between energy consumption and transportation sector economic growth but a negative environmental impact. Energy conservation and sustainable transportation regulations are needed to reduce the environmental impact of the transportation sector's economic growth, according to the authors. Overall, the article illuminates the intricate relationship between the US economy, transportation, and the environment.

The 2020 article by Afrin and Yodo analyzes road traffic congestion measures for a sustainable and resilient transportation system. The writers explore the harmful impact of traffic congestion on the environment, public health, and economy. Intelligent transportation systems, congestion pricing, public transportation, and walking and cycling are among these options. The article also stresses the importance of stakeholder engagement and collaboration in the implementation of these policies. The article sheds light on transportation sustainability and resilience's challenges and opportunities and offers policymakers, transportation planners, and other stakeholders practical advice.

The impact of the pandemic on logistics and crisis management in the agricultural sector is discussed in Gray's (2020) article, "Agriculture, transportation, and the COVID-19 crisis." The author emphasizes the importance of transportation infrastructure in delivering agricultural products to customers. Gray notes that COVID-19-related transportation disruptions have disrupted supply chains, increasing food waste and decreasing food security. The article also talks about the challenges transportation employees, including truck drivers, confront. Gray advises policymakers to prioritize investment in transportation infrastructure and transportation workers to ensure the agricultural supply chain's resilience. Overall, Gray's article sheds light on the impact of the US economy on crisis and logistics management in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cullen et al. (2021) discuss how the US economy affects fuel cell adoption in heavy-duty transportation in "New roads and challenges for fuel cells in heavy-duty transportation." Fuel cells can cut greenhouse gas emissions and enhance transportation energy efficiency, the authors say. They remark that fuel cells' high cost and lack of hydrogen fueling station infrastructure hinder their wider deployment. To overcome these challenges and speed up the deployment of fuel cell technology in heavy-duty transportation, the article highlights the need for regulatory support and public-private collaborations. The authors emphasize the importance of industry stakeholder engagement to standardize fuel cell testing and evaluation methodologies. Overall, Cullen et al.'s article sheds light on fuel cell challenges and opportunities in the US economy and transportation industry.

The impact of the US economy on the electrification of the transportation sector and the supply of vital raw materials is discussed in the article by Hache et al. (2019), titled "Critical raw materials and economy sector electrification: A detailed bottom-up analysis in world transport." Electric vehicles (EVs) can cut greenhouse gas emissions and boost transportation energy efficiency, according to the authors. Lithium, cobalt, and rare earth elements impede EV adoption, they say. The article emphasizes the need for regulatory support and investment in sustainable supply chains for crucial raw materials to electrify transportation. The authors stress the importance of industry stakeholder engagement to develop standardized standards for recycling and reusing crucial raw materials. In the context of the US economy and essential raw material availability, Hache et al.'s article sheds light on transportation sector electrification challenges and opportunities.

Wang et al.'s 2020 article "Railway and road infrastructure in the Belt and Road Initiative countries: Estimating the impact of transport infrastructure on economic growth" examines how transport infrastructure affects BRI economies. The writers emphasize the importance of railway and road infrastructure in BRI countries' economic growth and development. To facilitate economic growth and regional integration, the article emphasizes the need for legislative support and investment in the construction of transportation infrastructure. As BRI countries collaborate to standardize transport infrastructure development and management norms, the authors emphasize their importance. The article by Wang et al. sheds light on how transport infrastructure boosts economic growth in BRI countries and the importance of policy support and collaboration in its development.

Conclusion

The literature on the impact of the U.S. economy on logistics and transportation management, emphasizes the importance of this sector in fostering economic growth and development. Studies show that economic swings can affect transportation and logistics operations, therefore businesses must be initiative-taking in reacting to market changes. Businesses may successfully traverse volatility and maintain their competitiveness in the global market by adopting innovative technologies, forming partnerships with suppliers and logistics providers, and prioritizing responsiveness and risk management. This literature review emphasizes the importance of ongoing research and analysis in this subject to improve policy and practice and assure the transportation and logistics industry's sustained success.

References

Adedoyin, F. F., Bekun, F. V., Driha, O. M., & Balsalobre-Lorente, D. (2020). The effects of air transportation, energy, ICT and FDI on economic growth in the Industry 4.0 era: Evidence from the United States. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 160, 120297.

Afrin, T., & Yodo, N. (2020). A survey of road traffic congestion measures towards a sustainable and resilient transportation system. Sustainability, 12(11), 4660.

Bajusz, W. D. (2019). Arms Sales And The US Economy. Routledge.

Cullen, D. A., Neyerlin, K. C., Ahluwalia, R. K., Mukundan, R., More, K. L., Borup, R. L. & Kusoglu, A. (2021). New roads and challenges for fuel cells in heavy-duty transportation. Nature Energy, 6(5), 462-474.

Gallen, T. S., & Winston, C. (2021). Transportation capital and its effects on the US economy: A general equilibrium approach. Journal of Macroeconomics, 69, 103334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2021.103334

Gray, R. S. (2020). Agriculture, transportation, and the COVID‐19 crisis. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, 68(2), 239-243.

Hache, E., Seck, G. S., Simoen, M., Bonnet, C., & Carcanague, S. (2019). Critical raw materials and transportation sector electrification: A detailed bottom-up analysis in world transport. Applied Energy, 240, 6-25.

Li, X., & Chen, F. (2021). Impact of Logistics Development on Economic Growth: An Empirical Research from Guangdong Province in China. Complexity, 2021, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9950935

Liu, Y., Lee, J. M., & Lee, C. (2020). The challenges and opportunities of a global health crisis: the management and business implications of COVID-19 from an Asian perspective. Asian Business & Management, 19, 277-297.

Pak, A., Adegboye, O. A., Adekunle, A. I., Rahman, K. M., McBryde, E. S., & Eisen, D. P. (2020). Economic consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak: the need for epidemic preparedness. Frontiers in public health, 8, 241.

Raza, S. A., Shah, N., & Sharif, A. (2019). Time-frequency relationship between energy consumption, economic growth, and environmental degradation in the United States: Evidence from the transportation sector. Energy, 173, 706-720.

Standing, C., Standing, S., & Biermann, S. (2019). The implications of the sharing economy for transport. Transport Reviews, 39(2), 226-242.

Umar, M., Ji, X., Kirikkaleli, D., & Alola, A. A. (2021). The imperativeness of environmental quality in the United States transportation sector amidst biomass-fossil energy consumption and growth. Journal of Cleaner Production, 285, 124863.

Wang, C., Lim, M. K., Zhang, X., Zhao, L., & Lee, P. T. W. (2020). Railway and road infrastructure in the Belt and Road Initiative countries: Estimating the impact of transport infrastructure on economic growth. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 134, 288-307.

Zhang, F., & Graham, D. J. (2020). Air transport and economic growth: a review of the impact mechanism and causal relationships. Transport Reviews, 40(4), 506-528.