Business Finance - Management Week 10 Assignment- Delivery of Healthcare

Week 10 Learning Resources

Delivery of Healthcare

Required Readings

· Shi, L., & Singh, D. A. (2022).  Delivering health care in America: A systems approach (8th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

· Review: Chapter 13, “Health Policy” (pp. 582–613)

· American Hospital AssociationLinks to an external site. . (n.d.). http://www.aha.org

· California Health Care FoundationLinks to an external site. . (n.d.). https://www.chcf.org/

· KFF.orgLinks to an external site. . (n.d.). https://www.kff.org/

· National Institutes of HealthLinks to an external site. . (n.d.).  Health information. https://www.nih.gov/health-information

· National Institute of Mental HealthLinks to an external site. . (n.d.). https://www.nimh.nih.gov/index.shtml

· Walden University Quick Answers. (n.d.).  Canvas: MyMedia and Kaltura Links to an external site. . https://academicanswers.waldenu.edu/faq/377955

· Document:  Week 10 Assignment Template (PowerPoint presentation)

Week 5 Discussion- Managerial Finance

Student’s First Name, Middle Initial(s), Last Name

Institution Affiliation

Course Name and Number

Instructor’s Name and Title

Assignment Due Date

Week 5 Discussion- Managerial Finance

The health community I have chosen is Los Angeles, California, my diagnosis is traumatic brain injury due to a motor vehicle crash, and my comparison with Sweden.

Los Angeles may enhance the value-based aspect of outcome and cost measurement of each patient by developing a unified traumatic brain injury registry and dashboard tracking each individual throughout the entire episode of care. The Week 3 continuum already shifts patients out of emergency medical services and trauma care into inpatient treatment, inpatient rehabilitation, and outpatient follow-up, therefore, allowing leaders to standardize the same outcome and costing domains at every transition. By combining these variables into value-based reimbursement, Eriksson et al. (2024) demonstrate that it can visualize variation in terms of patient-reported outcomes at 1 year and patient-level episode costs. Los Angeles is required to provide functional status, emergency revisits, readmissions, and total episode cost of all traumatic brain injury patients.

The Institute of Medicine's goal of being effective can be better achieved in Los Angeles by ensuring that evidence-based multidisciplinary rehabilitation is accessible on time and enhancing the support of transition following discharge. Multidisciplinary care offers the benefits of enhanced functional recovery and improved quality of life, and it reduces subsequent dependence on care when care is provided promptly in the post-recovery period (Lorenz & Doonan, 2021). Inpatient rehabilitation and outpatient specialty follow-up are already established on the continuum; therefore, leaders can set targets for therapy and audit compliance in these settings.

Los Angeles tends to calculate outcomes and costs in distinct systems, as responsibility is distributed among a group of payers, whereas Sweden tends to match registries to payment regulations within a specific episode. Eriksson et al. (2024) document a program in Sweden in which they followed the cost at the patient level through a 1-year episode and tracked the patient volume changes, demonstrating both the benefits and the unintended effects to be anticipated by the planners. Los Angeles is able to connect data and incentives between the organizations and track the utilization patterns and equity influences.

References

Eriksson, T., Tropp, H., Wiréhn, A. B., & Levin, L. Å. (2024). A cost-reducing reimbursement programme? Effects of value-based reimbursement on healthcare costs.  Frontiers in Public Health,  12, 1326067. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1326067

Lorenz, L. S., & Doonan, M. (2021). Value and cost savings from access to multi-disciplinary rehabilitation services after severe acquired brain injury.  Frontiers in public health,  9, 753447. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.753447

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Continuum Of Care Scenario

Student’s Name

Course Name

Instructor’s Name

Institution

Date

Continuum Of Care Scenario

The targeted community in the health community is Providence, Rhode Island, the diagnosis under investigation is opioid use disorder, and the country comparison is Canada.

A significant advancement connected with the aspect of value-based care in information technology is the growth of interoperable health information systems, which would incorporate behavioral health, primary care, and community-based services. Fragmented electronic health records (EHRs) in Providence restrict clinical collaboration in the emergency department, substance use treatment programs, and social services, which contribute to care gaps in follow-up of patients with opioid use disorder. The value-based care focuses on the information technology that facilitates tracking of patients over an extended period, outcome measures assessment, and sharing of clinical data across locations to enhance quality and lower expenses (Harvard Business School Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness, n.d.). The adoption of interoperable EHR systems and registries would allow providers to detect the high-risk patients, eliminate duplication of services, and enhance continuity throughout the continuum of care (Shi & Singh, 2022).

Concerning the IOM's aim of being equitable, one of the essential areas of improvement would be to reduce the differences in accessibility of technology-enabled care by the marginalized population. Opioid use disorder persons in Providence have a high susceptibility to socioeconomic challenges, a lack of digital literacy, and inconsistent telehealth access. According to the Institute of Medicine, fair care does not have to be of different quality based on individual factors like income, race, or geographical setting (Institute of Medicine, 2001). Low-barrier access to telehealth, mobile health services, and community-based digital support tools should be extended to help decrease disparities and make sure vulnerable populations will enjoy equal benefits with health system innovations (Heslip, n.d.).

The healthcare delivery model in Canada, in relation to Providence, is more aligned with value-based information technology in the form of nationally coordinated health information systems and more extensive incorporation of digital health tools. The publicly funded system in Canada promotes standardized population-level performance measurement data collection and ensures equal access and accountability in all regions (Shi and Singh, 2022). Providence can also take the example of Canada in the importance of data sharing across the system and the deployment of technologies that prioritize equity, but in the process, Providence should be aware of the fact that centralized control might restrict the local ability to be flexible. Altogether, the coordinated information technology strategies can be beneficial in reinforcing equity and outcomes throughout the continuum of care.

References

Harvard Business School Institute for Strategy & Competitiveness. (n.d.). Information technology.

Institute of Medicine. (2001). Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century.

Heslip, N. (n.d.). Crossing the quality chasm.

Shi, L., & Singh, D. A. (2022). Delivering health care in America: A systems approach (8th ed.).

Delivery of Healthcare

Week 10 Assignment

Communicating to Local Health Leadership

By the end of this week, you will submit a recorded video with the intent of providing a high-level overview of the initial scenario presented in Week 3, along with your final recommendations for improving the delivery of value-based health care as a result of your work (Team Discussions and Improvement Plan submissions) completed during Weeks 4–9.

The intended audience will be the local health board for the community assigned earlier in the course.

The length of the presentation should be a minimum of 10 minutes but no longer than 15 minutes. During the presentation, you should be visible with live video, accompanied by high-quality audio, along with a view of a slide deck that you will present.

To prepare for this Assignment:

· Review this week’s Learning Resources, including the Kaltura resources, for instructions on how to record your video and tips for presenting yourself in video format.

· Refer to your Community Profile and Continuum of Care document that you submitted in Week 3.

· Refer to the peer-review Discussions that you completed with Team A and Team B, as well as your Improvement Plan documents.

· Review the six IOM Aims and consider which one you found to be the most significant. You will only discuss your “top improvement” from the IOM Aims to cover in your presentation. Similarly, consider what you would consider to be the top improvement from the country comparisons that you completed. You are only required to present one.

· Consider the potential impact of your proposed improvements. What is the current state of affairs? And what would be different for your community if the value-based care elements/IOM Aims were incorporated? In other words, what would be the before and after?

· Download the  Week 10 Assignment Template (PowerPoint presentation)  Download Week 10 Assignment Template (PowerPoint presentation).

Submit your presentation to address the following:

· Provide a brief introduction to the presentation.

· Summarize your assigned community and health issues, to include the following:

· Description of the community

· Social determinates of health for the community

· Leading causes of death for the community

· Summarize your proposed improvements based on the value-based care model, IOM Aims, and country comparisons:

· Explain what your proposed improvements are for  each of the six value-based care elements.

· Explain which  one of the six IOM Aims would be your top proposed improvement to recommend to the local health board.

· Explain which  one of the six country comparisons that you completed would be your top proposed improvement to recommend to the local health board.

· Be sure to refer to the sources that you used in your research.

· Predict what the implications of your proposed improvements could be for healthcare delivery for your community.

· Provide a brief conclusion on the presentation.

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Week 8 Discussion- Delivery of Healthcare

Lakenya Campbell

MMHA 6050

Dr. Sheryl

Walden University

Week 8 Discussion- Delivery of Healthcare

The health community in this scenario of continuum care is that of adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Los Angeles, California, and compares with the Netherlands as a geography of care country that has a healthcare delivery model that is highly similar to that of the value-based care concept. The care delivery of patients with Type 2 diabetes in Los Angeles is commonly divided between primary care clinics, specialty endocrinology, and geographically distant hospital systems, which present continuity and coordination challenges. A geography of care enhancement that would be consistent with the value-based care aspect would involve the creation of more integrated regional care networks that deliberately design services around the locations of where patients are not confined to institutional boundaries. The Harvard Business School Institute of Strategy and Competitiveness states that the optimal geography of care is providing routine and chronic care nearer to the homes of patients and concentrating highly specialized care in centralized locations, which will result in saving unnecessary travel, repetitions of services, and total expenses and better results (Harvard Business School Institute of Strategy and Competitiveness, n.d.). The access and coordination along the continuum of care could be enhanced by strengthening community-based diabetes clinics that are attached to larger health systems.

When it comes to the goal of the Institute of Medicine being timely, one of the major improvements would entail a decrease in the time interval between access to follow-up care, a specialty referral, or a patient education service. Late diagnosis and treatment of diabetes are risk factors for the development of the disease and complications that can be avoided. The Institute of Medicine points out that timely care not only minimizes negative delays by patients and providers but is also imperative to enhancing the performance and patient outcomes of the system (Institute of Medicine, 2001). Standardized referral pathways and similar shared electronic health records implemented in all care settings would help to accelerate communication and make clinical decisions more quickly.

Comparing the Netherlands to the United States, it has a more regionally structured and primary-care-based model that is highly manifestative of the principle of geography of care. The Dutch healthcare system motivates high primary care gatekeeping and regional coordination, whereby patients get the majority of chronic disease management near their homes, where there is seamless upward referral when higher care is required (Shi and Singh, 2022). The main learning of the Los Angeles community is that it is significant to invest in the integration of primary care and regional planning to enhance access, timeliness, and coordination. Nonetheless, the U.S. system might be more flexible and innovative, which could imply that the continuum of care results would be better as the regional organization is balanced by the local adaptability.

References

Harvard Business School Institute for Strategy & Competitiveness. (n.d.). Geography of care.

Institute of Medicine. (2001). Improving the 21st-century health care system. In Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century (pp. 39–60). National Academy Press.

Shi, L., & Singh, D. A. (2022). Delivering health care in America: A systems approach (8th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

2

Week 6 Discussion- Delivery of Healthcare

Student’s name

Institution

Course name

Prof.

Due date

Week 6 Discussion- Delivery of Healthcare

The health community is located in Los Angeles, California, the diagnosis is traumatic brain injury associated with a motor vehicle crash, and Sweden is the selected comparison country. An area of improvement connected to value-based reimbursement in Los Angeles is expanding bundled payment models throughout the traumatic brain injury continuation of care. Existing fee for service reimbursement isolates emergency care, inpatient treatment, rehabilitation and outpatient follow-up, which may decrease coordination and effectiveness. Bundled payments tied to patient outcomes like functional recovery, fewer complications, and fewer readmissions would motivate providers to collaborate across environments and focus on long term value. According to Shi and Singh (2022), payment systems have a strong influence on provider behavior and integrated reimbursement models facilitate quality and cost management of complex conditions. The Harvard Business School Institute of Strategy and Competitiveness (n.d.) also highlights that the best and easiest method of payment of the best results is through bundled payment in health care.

To solve the IOM Aim of being safe, Los Angeles can reinforce standard practice of safety when transitioning care of traumatic brain injury patients. Cognitive impairment puts these patients at a higher risk of medication error, missed follow-up and, complications to occur after discharge. The Institute of Medicine emphasizes that patient safety relies upon the dependability of systems, and not on the endeavors of individuals (Institute of Medicine, 2001). Standardized discharge protocols, medication reconciliation, and follow-up appointments should be implemented early in order to reduce harm that may result in a safer recovery.

Sweden has a greater focused value congruency of reimbursement with global budgets and outcome based payment systems compared to Los Angeles. Swedish providers are motivated not to create complications but invest in rehabilitation in the deal to receive funding that depends on the overall patient outcomes and not the volume of services (Eriksson et al., 2022). Los Angeles may take the example of Sweden with its focus on integrated care and result responsibility. Nevertheless, the centralized model of Swedish healthcare can restrict flexibility and patient choice, which is why it is essential to scale the value based strategies to the population of various cities.

References

Eriksson, T., Levin, L., & Nedlund, A. (2022). The introduction of a value‐based reimbursement programme—Alignment and resistance among healthcare providers. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 38(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3574

Shi, L., & Singh, D. A. (2022).  Delivering health care in America: A systems approach (8th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Harvard Business School Institute for Strategy & Competitiveness. (n.d.).  Aligning reimbursement with value . https://www.isc.hbs.edu/health-care/value-based-health-care/key-concepts/Pages/aligning-reimbursement-with-value.aspx

Institute of Medicine. (2001).  Improving the 21st-century health care systemLinks to an external site.. In  Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century (pp 39–60). National Academy Press.

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Continuum of Care Evaluation and Country Comparison

Lakenya Campbell

Delivery of Healthcare

Dr. Ed

Walden University

January 7th, 2026

Continuum of Care Evaluation and Country Comparison

The experience of implementing the national outcome tracking in Sweden can assist one in learning how coherent information systems could be used to facilitate safety and responsibility along the continuum.

Value-Based Care Element: Systems Integration

One of the aspects that Atlanta should implement in the value-based care aspect of systems integration is ensuring that there is enhanced vertical and horizontal integration between trauma centers, rehabilitation centers, and outpatient services. The Harvard Business School Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness (n.d.) argues that system integration enhances value because it helps to integrate care provided to patients across settings and providers, thereby minimizing fragmentation and providing patients with the right care across the continuum. Shi and Singh (2022) also elaborate that the integrated delivery systems foster the exchange of clinical information, coherent treatment planning, and outcome accountability. Trauma care in Atlanta is still distributed between independent service providers, and this can cause delays in rehabilitation and disruptions in care flow. Integrated trauma networks relying on common electronic health records and care pathways would enhance coordination and monitoring outcomes across the continuum.

IOM Aim: Be Efficient

To achieve the IOM goal of efficiency more effectively, Atlanta must minimize redundant services and management wastage in the care of injuries. According to the Institute of Medicine (2001), efficiency refers to the prevention of waste, which includes unnecessary tests, delays, and a lack of well-coordinated services. According to Heslip (n.d.), lack of process standardization and poor communication usually lead to inefficient care. Efficiency can be achieved blindly by implementing centralized care-coordination and standardized referral plans in trauma patients, which will reduce redundant imaging, minimise hospitalisation, and simplify transition to rehabilitation without sacrificing quality.

Country Comparison: Germany

The model of healthcare delivery in Germany is highly compatible with systems integration as it involves coordinated hospital networks and a close connection between the acute care and rehabilitation services. The use of integrated provider networks and the standardization of national care pathways enable effective transitions and decrease the number of duplications in services (Shi & Singh, 2022). Atlanta can take examples from Germany, which focused on coordinated care delivery and collective responsibility among providers. Nonetheless, the case of Germany also shows that high integration necessitates the presence of strict regulation and investment in infrastructure, and this can be difficult in the decentralized U.S. healthcare system. Nonetheless, the implementation of integrated trauma networks would have a significant beneficial effect on the efficiency and continuity of care in Atlanta.

References

Harvard Business School Institute for Strategy & Competitiveness. (n.d.). Systems integration. https://www.isc.hbs.edu/health-care/value-based-health-care/key-concepts/Pages/systems-integration.aspx

Heslip, N. (n.d.). Crossing the quality chasm. PolicyMedical. https://assets.hcca-info.org/Portals/0/PDFs/Resources/library/Crossing%20the%20Quality%20Chasm.pdf

Institute of Medicine. (2001). Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century (pp. 39–60). National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/10027

Shi, L., & Singh, D. A. (2022). Delivering health care in America: A systems approach (8th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.