Biology biology work sheet assignments

Part 1: Answer the following questions below.

1. What are homologous chromosomes?

2. What are sister chromatids?

3. When during meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

4. When during meiosis do sister chromatids separate?

5. Which are more similar, two sister chromatids or two homologous chromosomes?

6. Explain the difference between a diploid cell and a haploid cell.

7. A haploid gorilla cell contains 24 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would a diploid gorilla contain?

8. Are egg and sperm haploid or diploid? Are your liver cells haploid or diploid?

Part 2: Match the phase of meiosis with its correct description

Name of Phase Description

Homologous chromosomes pair up and form tetrad

Spindle fibers move homologous chromosomes to opposite sides

Nuclear membrane reforms, cytoplasm divides, 4 daughter cells formed

Chromosomes line up along equator, not in homologous pairs

Cytoplasm divides, 2 daughter cells are formed

Chromatids separate

Homologs line up alone equator

Part 3: On each of the images, label the phase of meiosis.

Part 4: Answer the following questions below.

1. A cell with a diploid number of 20 undergoes meiosis. This will produce 4 daughter cells, each with ___ chromosomes.

2. Tetrads line up along the equator during this phase: At the end of meiosis I, two daughter cells are created. These daughter cells are (DIPLOID or HAPLOID).

3. Meiosis occurs in what type of cells:

4. True or False: Sex cells have twice as many chromosomes as body cells.

1. Homologs line up alone equator:
2. A cell with a diploid number of 20 undergoes meiosis This will produce 4 daughter cells each with:
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BIOL 2107 Punnett Squares Assignment

Part I: Incomplete and Co-Dominance

List the parent genotypes, draw and fill in a Punnett square, and indicate the phenotypic ratio (for each possible trait combination). SHOW ALL WORK. 1. Snapdragons are flowers that come in both Red and White. When the two are crossed they are incompletely dominant.

(a) Cross a red snapdragon with a white one.

(b) Now, cross two of the F1 offspring from the previous cross and show what the outcome is.

2. In chickens, F is the trait for frizzled feathers and S is the trait for straight feathers. Since both are dominant, when they are inherited together, the result is a “slightly frizzled” chicken.

Complete the following crosses:

(a) frizzled x straight feathers

(b) slightly frizzled x slightly frizzled feathers (c) frizzled x slightly frizzled feathers

Part II: Dihybrid Crosses

List the parent genotypes, draw and fill in a Punnett square, and indicate the phenotypic ratio (for each possible trait combination).

1. A tall green pea plant (TtGg) is crossed with a Short white pea plant (ttgg).

2. A Homozygous tall, green flowered plant is crossed with a Homozygous short white flowered plant.

3. Two Heterozygous Tall, Green pea plants are crossed.

Part III: Probability Problems Set up Punnett Squares to determine the probabilities of each phenotype below. Remember there are TWO ways to determine probability…choose whichever works best for you. SHOW ALL WORK. Dominant allele for tall plants = T Recessive allele for dwarf plants = t Dominant allele for purple flowers = P Recessive allele for white flowers = p

1. Cross a heterozygous parent with a homozygous dominant parent.

2. Using the Punnett square(s) in question #1:

a. What is the probability of producing tall plants with purple flowers? Possible genotype(s)?

b. What is the probability of producing dwarf plants with white flowers? Possible genotype(s)?

c. What is the probability of producing tall plants with white flowers? Possible genotype(s)?

d. What is the probability of producing dwarf plants with purple flowers? Possible genotype(s)?

3. A man with Type AB blood and dark hair (heterozygous) has a child with a woman with Type AB blood and light hair. What is the probability that they will have a child with Type B blood and dark hair.

4. A woman with normal vision whose father was color-blind is expecting a child. Her partner is color- blind. What are the chances they will have a daughter who is color-blind?

5. A man who is a dwarf with achondroplasia (heterozygous for the dominant trait) and normal vision marries a color-blind woman of normal height. How many of their sons might be expected to be color- blind with achondroplasia?

MITOSIS WORKSHEET Name:

Matching: Match the term to the description

_____ 1. The sister chromatids are moving apart. _____ 8. Animal cells begin to pinch in.

_____ 2. The nuclear membrane fades from view. _____9. The spindle is formed.

_____3. A new nuclear membrane is forms. _____10. Chromatids line up along the equator. around the chromosomes

_____ 4. The cytoplasm of the cell is being divided. _____ 11. Chromosomes are not visible.

_____ 5. The chromatin is found in the nucleus. _____ 12. Cytokinesis begins.

_____ 6. The chromosomes are located at. _____ 13. The cell plate in plants begins to form. the equator of the cell

_____ 7. The spindles disappear. _____ 14. The reverse of prophase.

________________18. In what phase does the cell begin to split the cytoplasm and daughter cells first become visible in mitosis?

________________19. During what phase of mitosis do centromeres divide and the chromosomes move toward their respective poles?

________________20. What is the phase where chromatin condenses to form chromosomes?

________________21. What is the name of the structure that connects the two sister chromatids?

________________22. In a chromosome pair connected by a centromere, what is each individual chromosome half called?

________________23. What is the step of cell division where 2 identical daughter cells are formed?

________________24. Which phase of the cell cycle occurs when the cell is preparing to divide so it grows in size making organelles and copying DNA?

________________25. What forms across the center of a plant cell near the end of telophase?

________________26. What is the division of the cytoplasm called?

________________27. During this phase chromosomes line up in the middle.

E. Anaphase

C. Telophase

D. Metaphase

B. Interphase

A. Prophase

K. Cell Plate

I. Mitosis

H. Cytokinesis

F. CentromereC. Telophase

. Prophase

E. Anaphase

D. Metaphase

F. Centromere

K. Cell Plate

I. Mitosis

H. CytokinesisE. Anaphase

C. Telophase

B. InterphaseB. InterphaseB. Interphase

G. Sister ChromatidFill in the blanks using the word bank below: Interphase Prophase Anaphase Telophase Metaphase Cytokinesis (2x) Sister Chromatid Centromere Cell Plate

I = Interphase P = Prophase PM = Prometaphase M = Metaphase A = Anaphase T = Telophase

Mitosis Worksheet The diagram below shows six cells in various phases of the cell cycle. Note the cells are not arranged in the order in which mitosis occurs and one of the phases of mitosis occurs twice. Use the diagram to answer questions 1-7.

1) Cells A and D show an early and a late stage of the same phase of mitosis. What phase is it?

2) Which cell is in metaphase? Explain how you know.

3) Which cell shows telophase/cytokinesis? What is the difference between these processes?

4) In cell A, what structure is labeled X?

5) Place the diagrams in order from first to last.

6) Are the cells depicted plant or animal cells? Explain your answer.

7) What is the longest phase of the entire cell cycle?

8) Why is mitosis important?

1. 1 The sister chromatids are moving apart:
2. 8 Animal cells begin to pinch in:
3. 2 The nuclear membrane fades from view:
4. 9 The spindle is formed:
5. 3 A new nuclear membrane is forms:
6. 10 Chromatids line up along the equator:
7. 4 The cytoplasm of the cell is being divided:
8. 11 Chromosomes are not visible:
9. 5 The chromatin is found in the nucleus:
10. 12 Cytokinesis begins:
11. 6 The chromosomes are located at:
12. 13 The cell plate in plants begins to form:
13. 7 The spindles disappear:
14. 14 The reverse of prophase:
15. 18 In what phase does the cell begin to split the cytoplasm and daughter cells first become visible in:
16. 19 During what phase of mitosis do centromeres divide and the chromosomes move toward their:
17. 20 What is the phase where chromatin condenses to form chromosomes:
18. 21 What is the name of the structure that connects the two sister chromatids:
19. 22 In a chromosome pair connected by a centromere what is each individual:
20. 23 What is the step of cell division where 2 identical daughter cells are formed:
21. 24 Which phase of the cell cycle occurs when the cell is preparing to divide so it grows in size:
22. 25 What forms across the center of a plant cell near the end of telophase:
23. 26 What is the division of the cytoplasm called:
24. 27 During this phase chromosomes line up in the middle:
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