biology
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files (3)LearningActivity-Photosynthesis.pdf
LearningActivity-DNAReplication.pdf
LearningActivity-GeneExpressionandMutations.pdf
LearningActivity-Photosynthesis.pdf
Fill in the products and reactants and label the light-dependent and light-independent reactions. Pay close attention to where the arrows are pointing.
1. Electrons split from ________ are passed from photosystem ____ to the _______transport chain, then to photosystem ____.
2. ________ becomes NADPH by accepting ____ electrons, and is thus considered a ________ molecule.
3. The electron transport chain helps to produce the concentration gradient of ____across the __________membrane, which drives H+ through ATP synthase, producing ____.
4. Fixing ____ in the Calvin cycle, followed by a series of cyclical reactions, produces ____, the precursor to most carbohydrates in plants.
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- are passed from photosystem:
- to the:
- transport chain then to photosystem:
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- becomes NADPH by accepting:
- electrons and is thus considered a:
- molecule:
- acrossthe:
- membrane which drives H through ATP synthase producing:
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- in the Calvin cycle followed by a series of cyclical reactions produces:
- the precursor to most carbohydrates in plants:
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LearningActivity-DNAReplication.pdf
DNA Replication - Labeling (with word bank)
DNA polymerase 3’ 5’ DNA Ligase Okazaki fragment DNA Primase Single Strand Binding Proteins Helicase Leading Strand Lagging Strand
Identify the structure 1. Enzyme that unwinds DNA
2. Fragments of copied DNA created on the lagging strand
3. The strand that is copied in a continuous way, from the 3’ to 5’ direction
4. Binds Okazaki fragments
5. Builds a new DNA strand by adding complementary bases
6. Stabilizes the DNA molecule during replication
7. Strand that is copied discontinuously because it is traveling away from helicase
8. Initiates the synthesis DNA by creating a short RNA segment at replication fork
9. Place the events in the correct order:
DNA polymerase adds nucleotides in the 5’ to 3’ direction
Replication fork is formed
DNA polymerase attaches to the primer
Okazaki fragments are bound together by ligase
DNA helicase unwinds DNA 10. Why is replication called “semi-conservative?”
- DNA polymerase 3’ 5’ DNA Ligase Okazaki fragment DNA Primase Single Strand Binding Proteins Helicase Leading Strand Lagging Strand
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- Enzyme that unwinds DNA:
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- Fragments of copied DNA created on the lagging strand:
- The strand that is copied in a continuous way from the 3 to 5 direction:
- Binds Okazaki fragments:
- Builds a new DNA strand by adding complementary bases:
- Stabilizes the DNA molecule during replication:
- Strand that is copied discontinuously because it is traveling away from helicase:
- Initiates the synthesis DNA by creating a short RNA segment at replication fork:
- DNA polymerase adds nucleotides in the 5 to 3 direction:
- Replication fork is formed:
- DNA polymerase attaches to the primer:
- Okazaki fragments are bound together by ligase:
- DNA helicase unwinds DNA:
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LearningActivity-GeneExpressionandMutations.pdf
Gene Expression Label the figure below:
What are the THREE differences between DNA and RNA?
What are the THREE types of RNA? Describe the function of each.
This is considered the
of molecular biology.
Replicate this DNA strand: (Replication Fork) 3’ – TACCCCATAGGATTCACT - 5’ (Origin of Replication) Where in the cell is replication happening?
Will the replicated strand (the one you wrote) have Okazaki fragments? Explain your answer.
Which strand of the DNA will serve as the template for transcription?
What are the steps of transcription? Where in the cell is transcription happening?
Write out the sequence of the template strand of DNA. This is just to assist you with the next question � Transcribe mRNA from the template strand of DNA.
What must be done to the RNA to be ready for translation?
Translate the RNA into protein (use the chart below).
Where in the cell is translation happening?
Mutations
Part 1. Vocabulary
Directions: Define the following terms:
Vocabulary Term Definition
Mutation
Point Mutation
Frameshift Mutation
Missense Mutation
Silent Mutation
Nonsense Mutation
Part 2. Practice
Directions: Complete the boxes below by finding the mRNA and amino acid sequence. Compare the mutant DNA strands to the original strand. Classify each mutation.
Original DNA sequence: T A C G C G T G C A C G A T G C A G T A G T A C
mRNA sequence:
amino acid Sequence:
Mutation #1 DNA sequence: T A C G C G T G C A C G A T C C A G T A G T A C
mRNA sequence:
amino acid Sequence:
Type of Mutation:
Mutation #2 DNA sequence: T A C G C G T G C T C G A T G C A G T A G T A C
mRNA sequence:
amino acid Sequence:
Type of Mutation:
Mutation #3 DNA sequence: T A C G C G C T G C A C G A T G C A G T A G T A C
mRNA sequence:
amino acid Sequence:
Type of Mutation:
Part 3. Cystic Fibrosis Directions: Cystic Fibrosis is a disorder where the individuals have lung and kidney problems. The disorder is caused by a mutation in one of the individual’s genes. Complete the boxes below by finding the mRNA and amino acid sequence. Compare the mutant DNA strands to the original strand. Classify each mutation.
Part 4. Sickle Cell Below are the DNA sequence for the normal hemoglobin protein and the mutant DNA sequence for the sickle cell hemoglobin protein.
Normal Hemoglobin: G G G C T T C T T T T T Sickle Cell Hemoglobin: G G G C A T C T T T T T
A. Transcribe and translate the normal and sickle cell DNA.
B. Identify this type of mutation and explain why it is C. If the mutant DNA sequence was G G G C T T C T T A A A , would this mutant DNA result in sickle cell
hemoglobin? Explain your answer.
2. Mutant Gene 1: A C C A T G A A A G A A A A T A T A A T A T T G G T G T T T C C T A T G A T
mRNA sequence:
Amino acid sequence:
Type of Mutation:
3. Mutant Gene 2: A C C A T G A A A G A A A A A A T A A T A T T T G G T G T T T C C T A T G A T
mRNA sequence:
Amino acid sequence: Type of Mutation:
1. Normal Gene: A C C A T G A A A G A A A A T A T A A T A T T T G G T G T T T C C T A T G A T
mRNA sequence:
Amino acid sequence:
NORMAL mRNA sequence:
NORMAL Amino acid sequence:
MUTANT mRNA sequence:
MUTANT Amino acid sequence:
- Learning Activity - Gene Expression formatted.pdf
- Mutations.pdf
- Part 2. Practice
- Part 3. Cystic Fibrosis
- Part 4. Sickle Cell
- Normal Hemoglobin: G G G C T T C T T T T T Sickle Cell Hemoglobin: G G G C A T C T T T T T
- B. Identify this type of mutation and explain why it is
- C. If the mutant DNA sequence was G G G C T T C T T A A A , would this mutant DNA result in sickle cell hemoglobin? Explain your answer.
- This is considered the:
- of molecular biology:
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- DefinitionMutation:
- DefinitionPoint Mutation:
- DefinitionFrameshift Mutation:
- DefinitionMissense Mutation:
- DefinitionSilent Mutation:
- DefinitionNonsense Mutation:
- mRNA sequence:
- amino acid Sequence:
- Mutation 1 DNA sequence T A C G C G T G C A C G A T C C A G T A G T A C:
- amino acid Sequence_2:
- Type of Mutation:
- Mutation 2 DNA sequence T A C G C G T G C T C G A T G C A G T A G T A C:
- amino acid Sequence_3:
- Type of Mutation_2:
- Mutation 3 DNA sequence T A C G C G C T G C A C G A T G C A G T A G T A C:
- amino acid Sequence_4:
- Type of Mutation_3:
- mRNA sequence_2:
- Amino acid sequence:
- mRNA sequence_3:
- Amino acid sequence_2:
- Type of Mutation_4:
- mRNA sequence_4:
- Amino acid sequence_3:
- Type of Mutation_5:
- NORMAL mRNA sequence:
- NORMAL Amino acid sequence:
- MUTANT mRNA sequence:
- MUTANT Amino acid sequence:
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- Business?
- Psychology assignment (("FOR THE THINK TANK ONLY"!!!)
- Chapter Summary
- short response
- Steel Door Bare Cost
- Consequences of Ethical Decision Making
- Required Assignment 1—Cost and Decision-Making Analysis
- http://courses.cs.purdue.edu/cs17700:spring16:projects:project3
- "What is Risk?" Please respond to the following:
- How does the line drawing approach help solve ethical problems and limit the risk on projects
