Basic Counseling Techniques Wek 2 Technique
2 years ago
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BasicCounselingTechniquesWek2Technique.docx
Week2BasicCounselingTechniques.pptx
BasicCounselingTechniquesWek2Technique.docx
Please used the PPT that attach to gain information to do the assignment. The PPT is the week lesson plan.
Week 2 Technique Summary #2
The technique summary is intended to be a shorthand tool for summarizing a technique. You will write about an individual technique and a systemic technique). I wanted to create a standard protocol or tool that would be used to access a theory in the same way each time.
Techniques Summaries: These assessments (11 total) are designed to help you become an active learner through consistent immersion in the concepts taught in this course. I want you to write professionally in the 3rd person, such as "Reflective listening is a technique that involves".... no use of 1st person. I predict that you will learn about yourself as you learn the course content. Length: 3 pages double-spaced 12 point Times New Roman font). If you use references, use APA style. Here is the format:
TECHNIQUES TEMPLATE TECHNIQUE OR INTERVENTION (Individual and Systemic):
THEORY OF WHY IT WORKS?
BARRIERS TO SUCCESS (WHAT COULD PREVENT SUCCESS)?
SPECIFIC MECHANISM (The “HOW”) OF CHANGE
GOALS/OUTCOME OF THE TECHNIQUE
GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF THE TECHNIQUE IN ACTION
LET ME KNOW IF YOU NEED FURTHER HELP
Week2BasicCounselingTechniques.pptx
Learning the Art of Helping: Building Blocks and Techniques
Seventh Edition
Chapter 2
The Therapeutic Relationship
Copyright © 2021, 2017, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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1
Chapter Outline
Importance of the Therapeutic Relationship and Change
How to Create a Therapeutic Relationship
Other Factors that Help or Strain the Relationship
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2
Learning Objectives
2.1 Understand the unique characteristics of a therapeutic relationship.
2.2 Identify ways to create a working alliance with a client.
2.3 Identify factors that help or strain the budding relationship.
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3
Therapeutic Relationship
Research shows relationship is more important than any technique (e.g. think about professionals, doctors).
Achieving goals is more likely when a positive working relationship exists.
Drop out is often due to:
Client discomfort with helper
Not liking helper
Believing helper is not competent to help
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Relationship Is at the Center of the Graphic
Because the other therapeutic factors rely on a strong client/helper relationship.
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The diagram is a circle with a smaller circle inside. The area between the outer and inner circle is divided into 5 sections, so there are 6 sections total. They are labelled as follows. Note that the first listing is the label for the inner circle, after which the other sections will be listed clockwise from top.
Maintaining a strong helper slash client relationship.
Enhancing efficacy and self esteem.
Practicing new behaviors.
Lowering and raising emotional arousal.
Activating client expectations, hope, and motivation.
Providing new learning experiences.
5
Helping versus Friendship
They differ because the client’s welfare is the focus in a professional relationship.
In a helping relationship, we address topics that are not typically discussed in a friendship
Helping relationships require:
Commitment
Confidentiality
Compensation
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Unique Characteristics of a Therapeutic Relationship
Mutual liking or respect
Purpose of relationship is resolution of client’s issues
Sense of teamwork while working towards agreed-upon goals
Safety and trust, honest feedback from the helper
Compensation
Disclosure
Professional boundaries
Contractual relationship may terminate at any time
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What Clients Say (1 of 4)
The helper taught me a technique such as making a list of goals.
The helper showed good non-verbal's such as eye contact and leaning forward
The helper showed good listening behaviors: remembering what was said and paraphrasing
The helper self disclosed that he or she had had a similar experience.
Encouraged me by making comments including pointing out strengths
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What Clients Say (2 of 4)
Emphasized that it was my choice and that I knew myself best.
Was open to my criticism about the structure of the sessions or what he or she said.
He or she validated my feelings and gave me support.
The helper greeted me, introduced himself or herself and said goodbye. I had a positive first impression.
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What Clients Say (3 of 4)
The helper used humor.
The helper’s office environment helped to enhance the relationship (including relevant books).
I liked some personal characteristics of the helper (well groomed, similar background).
The helper normalized my the feelings I was having.
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What Clients Say (4 of 4)
The helper came highly recommended.
The helper was honest and frank.
The helper explained how therapy would work.
The helper went beyond a business relationship and made extra efforts to help.
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Most Helpful Things
Labeling and expressing feelings.
The relationship as a non-judgmental space where they could open up to a supportive person.
Becoming more aware of themselves through self-exploration
Finding new ways of relating to people because of their experience in the therapeutic relationship.
Having therapists ask question to help them find patterns in their lives
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Question
Boiling down these characteristics, what are the common denominators of what clients found helpful?
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What Helps Establish a Confiding Therapeutic Relationship?
Helper is nonjudgmental
Helper’s self-disclosure
Validation of feelings
Normalizing feelings
Helper’s commitment to help
Helper’s use of humor
Helper’s listening skills and nonverbal behavior
Client’s choice
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Relationship Enhancers (1 of 2)
Non Verbal Skills
(posture, presence, empathy, and self-disclosure)
leads to
Relationship Components
(liking, respect and trust)
leads to
Relationship Consequences
(communication, openness, persuasion)
leads to Change
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Question?
What is the difference between empathy and sympathy?
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Sympathy is equal to the notion of Pity. “ahh poor you”. Pity, can suggest that the sufferer is less than the person who is giving the sympathy. Nietzche suggest that this could create and power imbalance.
Can you understand me?
16
Empathy versus Sympathy
How do you know, that someone really understands you?
How do you feel, when someone is sympathizing with you?
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Relationship Enhancers (2 of 2)
What is Empathy?
Conveying understanding of client’s subjective experience
Not agreement with behaviors or taking sides
Helpers should not “own” the problem
Non-judgmental
Helper as learner
Sincerity
Consistency
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Helper must communicate understanding of facts, feelings, and meaning of client’s story
Learn from the client when situation is different from your own (tutorial stance)
“I wonder what this must feel like”. Can empathize, without taking sides.
18
Empathy Is Not…
Simply agreeing with the client
Pretending to understand
Taking on the client’s problems
Sympathy
A one-time event
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Self-Disclosure: Being Real
Why use self-disclosure
Conveys honesty and openness
Models openness for clients
Increases attractiveness of helper
Trust
Deepens client self-disclosure
Self-disclosing versus self-involving statements
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Self-Disclosure
What should you share with the client?
Self-disclosing versus self-involving statements
Watch timing and depth of disclosure
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Self-Disclosure Mistakes
Self-disclosure is…
Too deep
Poorly timed
Does not match the client’s experience
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Other Factors That Can Help or Hinder the Therapeutic Relationship
Facilitative office environment
Distractions
Appearing credible and taking a nonhierarchical stance
Faux pas
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Roadblocks to Communication à la Thomas Gordon
Ordering, directing, commanding
Moralizing, preaching, imploring
Advising, giving suggestions or solutions
Judging, criticizing, disagreeing, blaming
Interpreting, analyzing, diagnosing
Reassuring, sympathizing, consoling, supporting
Probing, questioning, interrogating
Distracting, diverting, kidding
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Transference & Countertransference
Residue from other relationships
Personal needs impinging on relationship
Problematic or Therapeutic?
A cognitive distortion?
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Transference (1 of 2)
Carry-over feelings from the past influences the current relationship
Can be a source of therapeutic material to explore
Can evoke negative or positive feelings both are inappropriate
The therapeutic relationship becomes a laboratory to explore these feelings
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Transference (2 of 2)
Major transference patterns:
Counselor as ideal
Counselor as seer
Counselor as nurturer
Counselor as frustrator
Counselor as nonentity
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Countertransference
Helper’s strong emotional reactions to client
Anger or frustration is the most common
Supervision is the key!
Basic rule: Do not disclose feelings unless it will benefit the client
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Common Patterns of Countertransference
Paternal/maternal nurturing
Fear of client’s anger
Disgust, disapproval
Need for reassurance, liking
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Common Patterns of Countertransference Helper:
Feels anxious
Insecure/unsure
Identifies strongly with the client
Feels sexual / romantic Attraction
Frustration / anger
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Dealing with Client Transference
Convey acceptance of client’s remarks - do not retaliate
Explore client’s feelings
Use self-involving statements to disclose your genuine thoughts and emotions about the client’s behaviors
Use transference to help client find different ways to express feelings and meet needs
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Copyright
This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing student learning. Dissemination or sale of any part of this work (including on the World Wide Web) will destroy the integrity of the work and is not permitted. The work and materials from it should never be made available to students except by instructors using the accompanying text in their classes. All recipients of this work are expected to abide by these restrictions and to honor the intended pedagogical purposes and the needs of other instructors who rely on these materials.
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