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Introduction to Applied Leadership- AOS301

Unit 8 Packing for the Journey

Welcome to AOS301 Introduction to Applied Leadership. This is the final unit lecture called Packing for the Journey. I’m Dr. Moses Masibo and I am your professor for this course.

1

Unit Objectives

Readings

• Check next slide for the reading link

Unit Content • Explore the concept of success

as it applies to persons and organizations

• Compare the difference between knowledge and experience on a personal/professional level

• Explore knowledge versus experience on an organizational level

• Develop insight on what you will need to employ going forward to maximize your own knowledge and experience for career development

In this unit we will examine success and how it applies to both organizations and one’s personal life. We will also compare the difference between knowledge and experience on multiple levels. The personal or professional level as well as on the organizational level. And finally, I hope to provide some insight on what you will need to apply going forward to maximize your own knowledge and experience for career development.

2

Reading

http://disciplinas.stoa.usp.br/pluginf ile.php/3502/mod_resource/content /1/2011%20Organizational%20learni ng%20- %20form%20experience%20to%20k nowledge.pdf

Click on the link to access this unit’s reading.

3

What Is Success?

Success is defined by the individual- personal or organizational as much as by the determination of the social structure or environment in which one operates.

• This explains how professionals do not seek to advance in an organization despite their capacity and opportunity to do so.

• This explains why people can reject an organization, program, or product/service that is beneficial or advantageous to it constituencies

What is success. Success is defined by the individual or organization as it is by the society or environment in which we operate. How this comes out is when you see an individual who is fully capable of being a leader in the organization and yet you can never get them to step up and take charge. It also explains why people reject things that are good for them or the community and we can’t seem to figure out why. The definition of success- what they see is not what you and we see.

Watch the video on the next slide to hear from John Maxwell on success.

4

Watch this video- John Maxwell

https://youtu.be/yU8lUimI-Mk

5

Personal Success

Economic Success

Monetary remuneration

Benefits- short and long term financial security

Assets- cars, living quarters, electronics

Power

Control of others or your own day to day activity

Position- how others see you in comparison to others

Satisfaction/Emotional

Fun, feelings of doing something good, interactions with others, excitement, etc.

I know we talk a lot about success and it usually is in the context of the team, organization or the society, but I want to talk about you. What does personal success look like for you? Let’s start with economic success- you know the money aspect. But there are also lots of additional perks to consider and I want you to remember that there are both long and short term aspects of this. Consider the opportunities and get real information. Don’t be afraid to ask someone for advice when you are considering a job offer. And along the same lines there are perks like cars, apartments, and even simple things like cell phones and laptops that can seem like the best thing ever and end up being more trouble than you ever imagined. Ask what the rules are for using those assets and if there are tax implications for having them.

6

Personal Success

Economic Success

Monetary remuneration

Benefits- short and long term financial security

Assets- cars, living quarters, electronics

Power

Control of others or your own day to day activity

Position- how others see you in comparison to others

Satisfaction/Emotional

Fun, feelings of doing something good, interactions with others, excitement, etc.

Now let’s move away from money and look at power. I don’t know about you but self- determination has a lot of value for me. How much control do you need in your schedule and in determining what the priorities are? I think this is a big reason why people are increasingly interested in self-employment.

The other aspect of power is position- the best example of this is what your title will be and how does it help you define success. Compare the offer you get for a position with others in the organizational hierarchy. Are you going to be an associate vice president while the rest of the male vice presidents are executive VPs and they don’t have the experience you do? This is an area of equity where if import to you, go ahead and bargain for a title instead of more money- Likewise if you don’t care about the title then you can bargain for more economic renumeration. Either way, it has to be your decision and you have to negotiate for it where possible.

7

Personal Success

Economic Success

Monetary remuneration

Benefits- short and long term financial security

Assets- cars, living quarters, electronics

Power

Control of others or your own day to day activity

Position- how others see you in comparison to others

Satisfaction/Emotional

Fun, feelings of doing something good, interactions with others, excitement, etc.

The last one is one that we don’t talk about enough. That is the satisfaction or emotional success. When you are really old and sitting in your rocking chair thinking about your life you are going to remember how much fun it was, who the great people were that you worked with and not the model of a company car or cell phone you had. Keep this in mind as you measure the success and set goals for your career.

8

Watch this video- Success

http://youtu.be/MOhVy_9fWdE

Check out this Ted Talk from Australia’s Jessica Hamilton on success. I think you’ll find it worth 6 minutes of your time.

9

The Challenge of Success

• It is a snapshot in time- little chance of being legendary

• Things change over time

• Impact of technology

• It is personal/individual so it may not be viewed the same by all

• “Work-Life Balance”

• Organizational culture shift

You have to ask yourself what success will look like in the future. I think of success as a snapshot in time- things are going to change and technology will advance. If you are resting on the success you just had you are likely going to find yourself left behind tomorrow. It’s also important to recognize that not everyone sees success in the same way so if your goal is to be seen as a success universally, you will likely be disappointed. That’s why I believe work-life balance is so important. You have to make sure that you see the success and draw benefit from it. The other crazy thing is that organizational cultures shift over time so you may be a superstar in one period in time only to find that your work is later devalued in a new organizational culture. I think this happens more often with CEO’s than anyone. A new leader takes over and they want to make their mark and sometimes that is achieved at the cost of the history of previous successes. You know what I mean. A new CEO comes in and changes everything- even the things that were just great to put their success on the marquee.

10

Organizational Success

• Financial

• Profits or retained earnings

• Assets- buildings, equipment, property including intellectual property

• Prestige & Reputation

• Power is a key element of this

• Very dependent upon the peer environment/industry

• Impact

• Results of actions

• Measurement of change

• Planned versus actual

Just as we discussed in personal success there are organizational successes that can be categorized similarly. In the financial realm we have financial success. In business this is called profit and in nonprofit it is known as retained earnings. But also remember there are assets that can be a measure of success. This may come in the form of real estate, patents or trademarks, or other assets like equipment.

Power and prestige are also mark of organizational success. Money may help get you there, but power is where the rubber meets the road. When there is a new president in Washington, being one of the CEO’s asked to visit the Whitehouse to advice the president is one such measure. This is true for both for profit companies and nonprofit organizations. Being recognized by the public or one’s peers is often the other measure of success upon which organizations rely.

And instead of work life balance, organizations have impact. This is the result of actions taken by the organization. It can be the measure of the change like what we see in social activism or it can also be exceeding what was planned with actual results that you can share internally or externally.

11

Here are some thoughts on Organizational Success…

Workforce Analytics & Talent Management- a new career field emerges that bridges computer- based data points and workforce planning

Scorecards and Success Measurement

https://www.americanexpress.com/us/small- business/openforum/articles/balanced-scorecard-6-ways-to- turn-business-strategy-into-business-success/

Just a couple extra notes of this concept of organizational success, did you know that there is now a new career field in analyzing workforce analytics and talent management. It’s like human resources 3.0.

Issues like the aging of our workforce and the role of technology pushes us into new directions and that creates more opportunity for analytics to have a role in organizational planning. The other trend that is out there in success management is scorecards. If you’re interested in learning more there’s a link to more information on this topic and if you get a chance take the AOS 420 on critical thinking and decision making you can dig into this in greater detail.

12

Stop the presentation and watch this Video- Linda

Sharkey https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5LbVloGvctw

Take about 8 minutes to watch this video by Linda Sharkey.

13

Who to “hitch your wagon to”?

Often, we are asked to take a side, join a team or what I like to call “hitch your wagon to”. The choices are knowledge and experience. Certainly both are valuable, but I suspect you have already got a sense of which has more value in your career field of choice or in your personal vision for success.

14

The Role of Knowledge

Requires some understanding of the relationship of knowledge to information.

• Data (information) arranged in meaningful patterns — and knowledge — which has historically been regarded as something that is believed, that is true, that works, and that is reliable.

Knowledge is the understanding of information. Most often that means data- you know all those interesting patterns that we see and the learning from those who have come before us as scholars and researchers. Think about knowledge as what is believed that is true, that works, and that is reliable. Your participation in this course and working on your degree is gathering knowledge.

15

Subject Matter Experts

(SME)

• A subject matter expert, or SME, is a "person with bona fide expert knowledge about what it takes to do a particular task. They will have done the same or very similar work and have current and thorough knowledge of the t ask's requirements”

• These are of increasing use in the development of training and in social media that builds credibility in your organization by being connected to them.

• But does this really change things?

We often hear the term SME or subject matter experts. Here’s the definition in case you were wondering. I like to think of it like this- “yeah, and they think so too!” We see these SME’s having increasing roles in organizations because they are more accessible through the Internet. In the old days it was either scholars and researchers publishing research that you found in the library in actual printed journals or heard at conferences. Today the SME can be a blogger or vlogger but that begs the question how do we know they are really an expert. This does change things. Think about how you may become a SME in your area of interest and when you are using SME’s vet them for their true knowledge and experience.

16

Role of Experience

This means your experiencing it- not someone else

It is the application- feeling the trial and error

It is more than just doing that one thing

Life experiences as well as technical experience

Storage capacity of the brain and the link to emotional intelligence

Let’s flip over to the role of experience. When we talk about SME’s we are talking about their experience but the role of experience should be your experience first hand. I keep thinking about those commercials on TV for the VR headsets where the 40 year old slightly chubby guy tells his buddy he’s ready to play professional baseball because he’s been gaming using the headset. Make sure your experience is truly authentic. Beyond that you also have to apply your experience of it is not very useful. The process of trial and error generates an experience that is unique- it includes life experience as well as technical experience. Remember that our brains are huge filing cabinets that store those experiences in unique ways because they connect the experiences you have with learning resulting in things like improved emotional intelligence.

17

Stop the presentation and watch this video- Knowledge

http://youtu.be/8J-sF-U5qYA

There’s real science behind the value of knowledge and listen to this short couple minute talk on the neuroscience of knowledge.

18

How the Debate is Operationalized in the Workplace Value of experience in letting of contracts and earning business- often displayed as an industrial giant

Value of knowledge in being “cutting edge”- tech intensive

• Bringing on new talent with high SME

• Requires management of the culture

We are not just thinking about which side to be on personally, our organizations also add to the debate. In organizations we see experience in how we earn our business deals and contracts- people want to know who else you have done business with – this is where the industry giants get some of their swagger. By contrast the value of knowledge in organizations can be to show off your use of technology and setting yourself apart as “cutting edge”. In the knowledge environment we see collectives of SME’s and it requires a management of the organizational culture. The best example of this is Apple and how they have crafted almost a cult following of their knowledge capacity. In the next couple of slides I am going to show you two commercials by major car companies that demonstrate how an industry leader talks from each perspective. See which one moves you…OK that was a bad joke.

19

Stop the presentation and watch this video- Chrysler Ad

https://youtu.be/gh7267YdGr0

See if you can identify why I call this car commercial the quintessential example of selling you their experience. Oh, you might also recognize M & M the rapper in it too.

20

Now do the same and watch this video- GM Commercial

http://youtu.be/wPsj2v-fRQ8

Now we are flipping the coin and Cadillac is selling you on their knowledge from back in 1984. Which do you think is more compelling?

21

What does this mean for you?

• Examine the definition of success for you as a professional

✓ Consider making a personal mission statement then write a vision for your professional future

• Learn more about the data linkages to measuring success- this is the beginning of analytics not the pinnacle

• Evaluate your own inventory of experience and knowledge – identify gaps and make filling them part of your professional development plan

Here at the end of the last lecture in the course I thought it appropriate to once again ask the question what does this mean for you? Ask yourself what the definition of success looks like for you as a person and a professional. Have you thought of writing a personal mission statement that speaks to your values and vision. Try writing yourself an email from the future that thanks you for what you did today that contributed to the success you have earned through your vision for what could be. I know, I know it can seem a little cheesy, but you might be surprised as what happens when you put that vision out into the universe.

Now back to all seriousness. I hope you take with you the importance of data as you measure success. There’s a lot of hype and shine on things but when you use the success of your team or your projects as a starting point for analytics instead of making it your high point, you have the opportunity to grown and learn. Embrace the not so great aspects as learning points. This sets you up for evaluating your inventory of both experience and knowledge. Guess what- you’re going to find some gaps, we all have them. Use those gaps as part of your professional development plan. If you haven’t already started working on your final assignment for this course and I know there are some of you out there, start now. Go back through the units we’ve covered and look at the work you’ve done. Your portfolio should feel like a journey and share with me what you’ve learned about yourself in this course and where you are headed. Graduation is right around the corner- really it is and you have the opportunity to combine that experience that you’ve gained – all the good stuff and the bad- and combine it with knowledge- it truly is a recipe for success. I can’t wait to see what you produce.

22

© Do not duplicate without expressed written consent

Introduction to Applied Leadership- AOS301

Unit 8 Packing for the Journey

Welcome to AOS301 Introduction to Applied Leadership. This is the final unit lecture called Packing for the Journey. I’m Dr. Moses Masibo and I am your professor for this course.

1

Unit Objectives

Readings

• Check next slide for the reading link

Unit Content • Explore the concept of success

as it applies to persons and organizations

• Compare the difference between knowledge and experience on a personal/professional level

• Explore knowledge versus experience on an organizational level

• Develop insight on what you will need to employ going forward to maximize your own knowledge and experience for career development

In this unit we will examine success and how it applies to both organizations and one’s personal life. We will also compare the difference between knowledge and experience on multiple levels. The personal or professional level as well as on the organizational level. And finally, I hope to provide some insight on what you will need to apply going forward to maximize your own knowledge and experience for career development.

2

Reading

http://disciplinas.stoa.usp.br/pluginf ile.php/3502/mod_resource/content /1/2011%20Organizational%20learni ng%20- %20form%20experience%20to%20k nowledge.pdf

Click on the link to access this unit’s reading.

3

What Is Success?

Success is defined by the individual- personal or organizational as much as by the determination of the social structure or environment in which one operates.

• This explains how professionals do not seek to advance in an organization despite their capacity and opportunity to do so.

• This explains why people can reject an organization, program, or product/service that is beneficial or advantageous to it constituencies

What is success. Success is defined by the individual or organization as it is by the society or environment in which we operate. How this comes out is when you see an individual who is fully capable of being a leader in the organization and yet you can never get them to step up and take charge. It also explains why people reject things that are good for them or the community and we can’t seem to figure out why. The definition of success- what they see is not what you and we see.

Watch the video on the next slide to hear from John Maxwell on success.

4

Watch this video- John Maxwell

https://youtu.be/yU8lUimI-Mk

5

Personal Success

Economic Success

Monetary remuneration

Benefits- short and long term financial security

Assets- cars, living quarters, electronics

Power

Control of others or your own day to day activity

Position- how others see you in comparison to others

Satisfaction/Emotional

Fun, feelings of doing something good, interactions with others, excitement, etc.

I know we talk a lot about success and it usually is in the context of the team, organization or the society, but I want to talk about you. What does personal success look like for you? Let’s start with economic success- you know the money aspect. But there are also lots of additional perks to consider and I want you to remember that there are both long and short term aspects of this. Consider the opportunities and get real information. Don’t be afraid to ask someone for advice when you are considering a job offer. And along the same lines there are perks like cars, apartments, and even simple things like cell phones and laptops that can seem like the best thing ever and end up being more trouble than you ever imagined. Ask what the rules are for using those assets and if there are tax implications for having them.

6

Personal Success

Economic Success

Monetary remuneration

Benefits- short and long term financial security

Assets- cars, living quarters, electronics

Power

Control of others or your own day to day activity

Position- how others see you in comparison to others

Satisfaction/Emotional

Fun, feelings of doing something good, interactions with others, excitement, etc.

Now let’s move away from money and look at power. I don’t know about you but self- determination has a lot of value for me. How much control do you need in your schedule and in determining what the priorities are? I think this is a big reason why people are increasingly interested in self-employment.

The other aspect of power is position- the best example of this is what your title will be and how does it help you define success. Compare the offer you get for a position with others in the organizational hierarchy. Are you going to be an associate vice president while the rest of the male vice presidents are executive VPs and they don’t have the experience you do? This is an area of equity where if import to you, go ahead and bargain for a title instead of more money- Likewise if you don’t care about the title then you can bargain for more economic renumeration. Either way, it has to be your decision and you have to negotiate for it where possible.

7

Personal Success

Economic Success

Monetary remuneration

Benefits- short and long term financial security

Assets- cars, living quarters, electronics

Power

Control of others or your own day to day activity

Position- how others see you in comparison to others

Satisfaction/Emotional

Fun, feelings of doing something good, interactions with others, excitement, etc.

The last one is one that we don’t talk about enough. That is the satisfaction or emotional success. When you are really old and sitting in your rocking chair thinking about your life you are going to remember how much fun it was, who the great people were that you worked with and not the model of a company car or cell phone you had. Keep this in mind as you measure the success and set goals for your career.

8

Watch this video- Success

http://youtu.be/MOhVy_9fWdE

Check out this Ted Talk from Australia’s Jessica Hamilton on success. I think you’ll find it worth 6 minutes of your time.

9

The Challenge of Success

• It is a snapshot in time- little chance of being legendary

• Things change over time

• Impact of technology

• It is personal/individual so it may not be viewed the same by all

• “Work-Life Balance”

• Organizational culture shift

You have to ask yourself what success will look like in the future. I think of success as a snapshot in time- things are going to change and technology will advance. If you are resting on the success you just had you are likely going to find yourself left behind tomorrow. It’s also important to recognize that not everyone sees success in the same way so if your goal is to be seen as a success universally, you will likely be disappointed. That’s why I believe work-life balance is so important. You have to make sure that you see the success and draw benefit from it. The other crazy thing is that organizational cultures shift over time so you may be a superstar in one period in time only to find that your work is later devalued in a new organizational culture. I think this happens more often with CEO’s than anyone. A new leader takes over and they want to make their mark and sometimes that is achieved at the cost of the history of previous successes. You know what I mean. A new CEO comes in and changes everything- even the things that were just great to put their success on the marquee.

10

Organizational Success

• Financial

• Profits or retained earnings

• Assets- buildings, equipment, property including intellectual property

• Prestige & Reputation

• Power is a key element of this

• Very dependent upon the peer environment/industry

• Impact

• Results of actions

• Measurement of change

• Planned versus actual

Just as we discussed in personal success there are organizational successes that can be categorized similarly. In the financial realm we have financial success. In business this is called profit and in nonprofit it is known as retained earnings. But also remember there are assets that can be a measure of success. This may come in the form of real estate, patents or trademarks, or other assets like equipment.

Power and prestige are also mark of organizational success. Money may help get you there, but power is where the rubber meets the road. When there is a new president in Washington, being one of the CEO’s asked to visit the Whitehouse to advice the president is one such measure. This is true for both for profit companies and nonprofit organizations. Being recognized by the public or one’s peers is often the other measure of success upon which organizations rely.

And instead of work life balance, organizations have impact. This is the result of actions taken by the organization. It can be the measure of the change like what we see in social activism or it can also be exceeding what was planned with actual results that you can share internally or externally.

11

Here are some thoughts on Organizational Success…

Workforce Analytics & Talent Management- a new career field emerges that bridges computer- based data points and workforce planning

Scorecards and Success Measurement

https://www.americanexpress.com/us/small- business/openforum/articles/balanced-scorecard-6-ways-to- turn-business-strategy-into-business-success/

Just a couple extra notes of this concept of organizational success, did you know that there is now a new career field in analyzing workforce analytics and talent management. It’s like human resources 3.0.

Issues like the aging of our workforce and the role of technology pushes us into new directions and that creates more opportunity for analytics to have a role in organizational planning. The other trend that is out there in success management is scorecards. If you’re interested in learning more there’s a link to more information on this topic and if you get a chance take the AOS 420 on critical thinking and decision making you can dig into this in greater detail.

12

Stop the presentation and watch this Video- Linda

Sharkey https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5LbVloGvctw

Take about 8 minutes to watch this video by Linda Sharkey.

13

Who to “hitch your wagon to”?

Often, we are asked to take a side, join a team or what I like to call “hitch your wagon to”. The choices are knowledge and experience. Certainly both are valuable, but I suspect you have already got a sense of which has more value in your career field of choice or in your personal vision for success.

14

The Role of Knowledge

Requires some understanding of the relationship of knowledge to information.

• Data (information) arranged in meaningful patterns — and knowledge — which has historically been regarded as something that is believed, that is true, that works, and that is reliable.

Knowledge is the understanding of information. Most often that means data- you know all those interesting patterns that we see and the learning from those who have come before us as scholars and researchers. Think about knowledge as what is believed that is true, that works, and that is reliable. Your participation in this course and working on your degree is gathering knowledge.

15

Subject Matter Experts

(SME)

• A subject matter expert, or SME, is a "person with bona fide expert knowledge about what it takes to do a particular task. They will have done the same or very similar work and have current and thorough knowledge of the t ask's requirements”

• These are of increasing use in the development of training and in social media that builds credibility in your organization by being connected to them.

• But does this really change things?

We often hear the term SME or subject matter experts. Here’s the definition in case you were wondering. I like to think of it like this- “yeah, and they think so too!” We see these SME’s having increasing roles in organizations because they are more accessible through the Internet. In the old days it was either scholars and researchers publishing research that you found in the library in actual printed journals or heard at conferences. Today the SME can be a blogger or vlogger but that begs the question how do we know they are really an expert. This does change things. Think about how you may become a SME in your area of interest and when you are using SME’s vet them for their true knowledge and experience.

16

Role of Experience

This means your experiencing it- not someone else

It is the application- feeling the trial and error

It is more than just doing that one thing

Life experiences as well as technical experience

Storage capacity of the brain and the link to emotional intelligence

Let’s flip over to the role of experience. When we talk about SME’s we are talking about their experience but the role of experience should be your experience first hand. I keep thinking about those commercials on TV for the VR headsets where the 40 year old slightly chubby guy tells his buddy he’s ready to play professional baseball because he’s been gaming using the headset. Make sure your experience is truly authentic. Beyond that you also have to apply your experience of it is not very useful. The process of trial and error generates an experience that is unique- it includes life experience as well as technical experience. Remember that our brains are huge filing cabinets that store those experiences in unique ways because they connect the experiences you have with learning resulting in things like improved emotional intelligence.

17

Stop the presentation and watch this video- Knowledge

http://youtu.be/8J-sF-U5qYA

There’s real science behind the value of knowledge and listen to this short couple minute talk on the neuroscience of knowledge.

18

How the Debate is Operationalized in the Workplace Value of experience in letting of contracts and earning business- often displayed as an industrial giant

Value of knowledge in being “cutting edge”- tech intensive

• Bringing on new talent with high SME

• Requires management of the culture

We are not just thinking about which side to be on personally, our organizations also add to the debate. In organizations we see experience in how we earn our business deals and contracts- people want to know who else you have done business with – this is where the industry giants get some of their swagger. By contrast the value of knowledge in organizations can be to show off your use of technology and setting yourself apart as “cutting edge”. In the knowledge environment we see collectives of SME’s and it requires a management of the organizational culture. The best example of this is Apple and how they have crafted almost a cult following of their knowledge capacity. In the next couple of slides I am going to show you two commercials by major car companies that demonstrate how an industry leader talks from each perspective. See which one moves you…OK that was a bad joke.

19

Stop the presentation and watch this video- Chrysler Ad

https://youtu.be/gh7267YdGr0

See if you can identify why I call this car commercial the quintessential example of selling you their experience. Oh, you might also recognize M & M the rapper in it too.

20

Now do the same and watch this video- GM Commercial

http://youtu.be/wPsj2v-fRQ8

Now we are flipping the coin and Cadillac is selling you on their knowledge from back in 1984. Which do you think is more compelling?

21

What does this mean for you?

• Examine the definition of success for you as a professional

✓ Consider making a personal mission statement then write a vision for your professional future

• Learn more about the data linkages to measuring success- this is the beginning of analytics not the pinnacle

• Evaluate your own inventory of experience and knowledge – identify gaps and make filling them part of your professional development plan

Here at the end of the last lecture in the course I thought it appropriate to once again ask the question what does this mean for you? Ask yourself what the definition of success looks like for you as a person and a professional. Have you thought of writing a personal mission statement that speaks to your values and vision. Try writing yourself an email from the future that thanks you for what you did today that contributed to the success you have earned through your vision for what could be. I know, I know it can seem a little cheesy, but you might be surprised as what happens when you put that vision out into the universe.

Now back to all seriousness. I hope you take with you the importance of data as you measure success. There’s a lot of hype and shine on things but when you use the success of your team or your projects as a starting point for analytics instead of making it your high point, you have the opportunity to grown and learn. Embrace the not so great aspects as learning points. This sets you up for evaluating your inventory of both experience and knowledge. Guess what- you’re going to find some gaps, we all have them. Use those gaps as part of your professional development plan. If you haven’t already started working on your final assignment for this course and I know there are some of you out there, start now. Go back through the units we’ve covered and look at the work you’ve done. Your portfolio should feel like a journey and share with me what you’ve learned about yourself in this course and where you are headed. Graduation is right around the corner- really it is and you have the opportunity to combine that experience that you’ve gained – all the good stuff and the bad- and combine it with knowledge- it truly is a recipe for success. I can’t wait to see what you produce.

22