Assigment .Apa seven . All instructions attached.

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Health Promotion Proposal, Part 1

Ariel Lopez

Florida National University

Health Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing Practice

Professor: Dr. Nora Hernandez

September 19, 2023

Health Promotion Proposal, Part 1

Mental health and well-being are crucial to life quality. Mental health is a well-being state that aids people to cope with stress, work, learn, and participate in the community. Mental health comprises social, psychological, and emotional well-being. It affects the way people act, feel, and make choices, as well as communicate with others. Mental health and well-being issues include depression among adults. In 2021, 22.8% of adults in the USA faced mental illness(CDC, 2023). 14.1 million People have serious mental illness, which is equal to one in twenty adults. In 2019, the prevalence of mental illness is increasing because 40% of American people suffer from symptoms of depression and anxiety in 2020(NAMI, 2023). 10.8% of adults are uninsured with mental illness. Mental health issues can affect the optimism, mental capability, dependability, concentration, and energy levels of students(SPRC, 2023).

Depression is connected to lower average grades, which co-relate with anxiety and depression. In 2023, 32.3% of adults suffered from depressive or anxiety illness in Florida as compared to 32.3% of adult people in the United States (Liu et al., 2023). Moreover, numerous issues will be addressed in the proposed health promotion program, such as early intervention and screening, mental health education in schools, and access to mental health services. Improvement in mental health amenities for adults through enhancing the availability of counselors can aid in promoting societal mental health resources. Mental health education enhances awareness and then decreases stigma around mental health problems. Implementation of mental health screening schemes recognizes students in danger of depression.

Vulnerable Population

Miami, Florida, has a crucial population of homeless and vulnerable people. Numerous risk factors contribute to their vulnerability, such as health disparities, lack of stable housing, food insecurity, and social isolation. Homeless people face disparities in mental and physical health. They suffer from chronic health issues such as tuberculosis, AIDS, mental disease, and illnesses related to substance use(Zhang, 2019). Lack of stable housing is also an issue in Miami. Homeless people in Miami do not have access to stable and secure housing. They frequently live in shelters and on the streets, which makes them vulnerable to ecological risks such as violence and extreme weather conditions.

Moreover, homeless people skirmish with food insecurity, which then results in health issues like malnutrition. They also depend on societal services and food shelters for regular nutrition. Social isolation is also an issue where homeless people stay dis-linked from support networks and family. Isolation can contribute to mental health issues and also stop their capability to access resources. Miami delivers shelters and social services for the homeless, and these resources are not adequate to fulfill the requirements of homeless people. Restricted access to communal services can worsen their susceptibility. Numerous homeless people have legal problems, such as contributions to the criminal justice system and outstanding warrants. These legal problems can marginalize them and restrict their opportunities for employment and housing. Lastly, homeless people in Miami face numerous mental health problems, such as post-traumatic stress illness, anxiety, and depression. Lack of mental health services and homelessness can aggravate these conditions.

Review of literature

Bottom of Form

Interventions to Address the Problem

Feiss et al. (2019) researched to explore interventions for addressing the problem of mental health and well-being. According to researchers, school-based mental health problems are the best way to decrease depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms among adults. Depression interventions decrease symptoms of depression, but this reduction is weakened by age group, race, dose, and type of program. The researchers evaluated 42 articles comprising 7310 adults aged from 11 to 18 years, which fulfilled inclusion for meta-analysis(Feiss et al., 2019). Meta-analysis was conducted for three mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and stress. The findings of this research showed that school-based programs aim to reduce depression and anxiety because these effects are not long-standing. It was concluded that intervention is also based on teacher training, counseling amenities, and psycho-educational sessions to identify the symptoms of depression.

Baxter et al. (2019) researched to explore the effects of housing approaches on the well-being and health of adults who are in danger of homelessness. The Housing First Model delivers immediate access to stable housing because these are trailed by supporting services. The strength of this research lies in a comprehensive evaluation of current research by delivering a strong proof base for the efficacy of the housing first model (Baxter et al., 2019). This article also highlights the requirement for support services to address problems like mental health and substance abuse, and the stability of the house is not enough for some people. It was concluded that housing approaches bring improvement in health aspects and stability of housing. Execution of housing first would decrease non-regular health services and homelessness deprived of enhanced difficult use of substances.

Strengths and Weaknesses of Sources

The above two reviewed articles deliver crucial insights into intervention based on evidence for addressing stress among adults in Miami. Both articles use strong research methods, such as systematic reviews and meta-analysis reviews, to increase their credibility. The first article is based on the significance of mental health programs in schools to decrease symptoms of stress in adults. Conversely, the second article delivers effective evidence for the Housing First approach as an efficient intervention for homeless people. It could include strategies for addressing homelessness among the vulnerable people of Miami.

Health Promotional/Disease Prevention Model for Proposal

The Social Ecological Model was introduced by Bronfenbrenner, who explored the interlinked and multifaceted nature of well-being and health. It focuses on people who are affected by numerous environmental levels as well as interventions that target numerous levels to attain lasting and broad change. The levels of this model include community, interpersonal, individual, policy, and organizational levels (Chiumento et al., 2020). Policies have a crucial influence on health. Advocacy efforts can be made to affect policies that provide mental health initiatives in societies and schools. The organizational level comprises healthcare firms and schools. The program can interact with schools to execute mental health screening and education to access mental health amenities.

Also, community factors include access to communal norms and resources because these factors play an important role in figuring out health outcomes. The program must focus on improving access to mental health services, involve societal firms in provisioning adults, and decrease stigma. The interpersonal level focuses on the effect of social networks, peers, and family. This program includes educating caretakers and parents on the way to provision mental health for adults and designing peer support systems in schools (Collishaw et al., 2016). Lastly, the individual level focuses on factors such as behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge. It comprises delivering mental health education to adults, which then includes instructing coping skills and concepts related to depression.

References

Baxter, A. J., Tweed, E. J., Katikireddi, S. V., & Thomson, H. (2019). Effects of Housing First approaches on health and well-being of adults who are homeless or at risk of homelessness: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Epidemiol Community Health, pp. 379–387. CDC. (2023). About Mental Health. Retrieved 09 20, 2023, from cdc.gov: https://www.cdc.gov/mentalhealth/learn/index.htm Chiumento, A., Rutayisire, T., Sarabwe, E., Hasan, M. T., Kasujja, R., Nabirinde, R., et al. (2020). Exploring the mental health and psychosocial problems of Congolese refugees living in refugee settings in Rwanda and Uganda: a rapid qualitative study. Conflict and Health, 1-21. Collishaw, S., Gardner, F., Lawrence Aber, J., & Cluver, L. (2016). Predictors of mental health resilience in children who have been parentally bereaved by AIDS in urban South Africa. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, pp. 719–730. Feiss, R., Dolinger, S. B., Merritt, M., Reiche, E., Martin, K., Yanes, J. A., et al. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based stress, anxiety, and depression prevention programs for adolescents. Journal of youth and adolescence, 1668-1685. Liu, Y. W., Bai, B., Liu, F., Chen, Y., Wang, Y., & Geng, Q. (2023). Trends in Unhealthy Lifestyle Factors among Adults with Stroke in the United States between 1999 and 2018. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 1223. NAMI. (2023). Mental Health By the Numbers. Retrieved 09 20, 2023, from nami.org: https://www.nami.org/mhstats SPRC. (2023). Consequences of Student Mental Health Issues. Retrieved 09 20, 2023, from SPRC: https://sprc.org/settings/colleges-and-universities/consequences-of-student-mental-health-issues/#:~:text=Mental%20health%20problems%20can%20affect%20a%20student's%20energy%20level%2C%20concentration,%2C%20and%20optimism%2C%20hindering%20performance.&text Zhang, M. G. (2019). Demographics and clinical profiles of patients visiting a free clinic in Miami, Florida. Frontiers in public health, p. 212.

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Health Promotion Proposal, Part 1

Ariel Lopez

Florida National University

Health Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing Practice

Professor: Dr. Nora Hernandez

September 19, 2023

Health Promotion Proposal, Part 1

Mental health and well-being are crucial to life quality. Mental health is a well-being state that aids people to cope with stress, work, learn, and participate in the community. Mental health comprises social, psychological, and emotional well-being. It affects the way people act, feel, and make choices, as well as communicate with others. Mental health and well-being issues include depression among adults. In 2021, 22.8% of adults in the USA faced mental illness(CDC, 2023). 14.1 million People have serious mental illness, which is equal to one in twenty adults. In 2019, the prevalence of mental illness is increasing because 40% of American people suffer from symptoms of depression and anxiety in 2020(NAMI, 2023). 10.8% of adults are uninsured with mental illness. Mental health issues can affect the optimism, mental capability, dependability, concentration, and energy levels of students(SPRC, 2023).

Depression is connected to lower average grades, which co-relate with anxiety and depression. In 2023, 32.3% of adults suffered from depressive or anxiety illness in Florida as compared to 32.3% of adult people in the United States (Liu et al., 2023). Moreover, numerous issues will be addressed in the proposed health promotion program, such as early intervention and screening, mental health education in schools, and access to mental health services. Improvement in mental health amenities for adults through enhancing the availability of counselors can aid in promoting societal mental health resources. Mental health education enhances awareness and then decreases stigma around mental health problems. Implementation of mental health screening schemes recognizes students in danger of depression.

Vulnerable Population

Miami, Florida, has a crucial population of homeless and vulnerable people. Numerous risk factors contribute to their vulnerability, such as health disparities, lack of stable housing, food insecurity, and social isolation. Homeless people face disparities in mental and physical health. They suffer from chronic health issues such as tuberculosis, AIDS, mental disease, and illnesses related to substance use(Zhang, 2019). Lack of stable housing is also an issue in Miami. Homeless people in Miami do not have access to stable and secure housing. They frequently live in shelters and on the streets, which makes them vulnerable to ecological risks such as violence and extreme weather conditions.

Moreover, homeless people skirmish with food insecurity, which then results in health issues like malnutrition. They also depend on societal services and food shelters for regular nutrition. Social isolation is also an issue where homeless people stay dis-linked from support networks and family. Isolation can contribute to mental health issues and also stop their capability to access resources. Miami delivers shelters and social services for the homeless, and these resources are not adequate to fulfill the requirements of homeless people. Restricted access to communal services can worsen their susceptibility. Numerous homeless people have legal problems, such as contributions to the criminal justice system and outstanding warrants. These legal problems can marginalize them and restrict their opportunities for employment and housing. Lastly, homeless people in Miami face numerous mental health problems, such as post-traumatic stress illness, anxiety, and depression. Lack of mental health services and homelessness can aggravate these conditions.

Review of literature

Bottom of Form

Interventions to Address the Problem

Feiss et al. (2019) researched to explore interventions for addressing the problem of mental health and well-being. According to researchers, school-based mental health problems are the best way to decrease depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms among adults. Depression interventions decrease symptoms of depression, but this reduction is weakened by age group, race, dose, and type of program. The researchers evaluated 42 articles comprising 7310 adults aged from 11 to 18 years, which fulfilled inclusion for meta-analysis(Feiss et al., 2019). Meta-analysis was conducted for three mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and stress. The findings of this research showed that school-based programs aim to reduce depression and anxiety because these effects are not long-standing. It was concluded that intervention is also based on teacher training, counseling amenities, and psycho-educational sessions to identify the symptoms of depression.

Baxter et al. (2019) researched to explore the effects of housing approaches on the well-being and health of adults who are in danger of homelessness. The Housing First Model delivers immediate access to stable housing because these are trailed by supporting services. The strength of this research lies in a comprehensive evaluation of current research by delivering a strong proof base for the efficacy of the housing first model (Baxter et al., 2019). This article also highlights the requirement for support services to address problems like mental health and substance abuse, and the stability of the house is not enough for some people. It was concluded that housing approaches bring improvement in health aspects and stability of housing. Execution of housing first would decrease non-regular health services and homelessness deprived of enhanced difficult use of substances.

Strengths and Weaknesses of Sources

The above two reviewed articles deliver crucial insights into intervention based on evidence for addressing stress among adults in Miami. Both articles use strong research methods, such as systematic reviews and meta-analysis reviews, to increase their credibility. The first article is based on the significance of mental health programs in schools to decrease symptoms of stress in adults. Conversely, the second article delivers effective evidence for the Housing First approach as an efficient intervention for homeless people. It could include strategies for addressing homelessness among the vulnerable people of Miami.

Health Promotional/Disease Prevention Model for Proposal

The Social Ecological Model was introduced by Bronfenbrenner, who explored the interlinked and multifaceted nature of well-being and health. It focuses on people who are affected by numerous environmental levels as well as interventions that target numerous levels to attain lasting and broad change. The levels of this model include community, interpersonal, individual, policy, and organizational levels (Chiumento et al., 2020). Policies have a crucial influence on health. Advocacy efforts can be made to affect policies that provide mental health initiatives in societies and schools. The organizational level comprises healthcare firms and schools. The program can interact with schools to execute mental health screening and education to access mental health amenities.

Also, community factors include access to communal norms and resources because these factors play an important role in figuring out health outcomes. The program must focus on improving access to mental health services, involve societal firms in provisioning adults, and decrease stigma. The interpersonal level focuses on the effect of social networks, peers, and family. This program includes educating caretakers and parents on the way to provision mental health for adults and designing peer support systems in schools (Collishaw et al., 2016). Lastly, the individual level focuses on factors such as behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge. It comprises delivering mental health education to adults, which then includes instructing coping skills and concepts related to depression.

References

Baxter, A. J., Tweed, E. J., Katikireddi, S. V., & Thomson, H. (2019). Effects of Housing First approaches on health and well-being of adults who are homeless or at risk of homelessness: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Epidemiol Community Health, pp. 379–387. CDC. (2023). About Mental Health. Retrieved 09 20, 2023, from cdc.gov: https://www.cdc.gov/mentalhealth/learn/index.htm Chiumento, A., Rutayisire, T., Sarabwe, E., Hasan, M. T., Kasujja, R., Nabirinde, R., et al. (2020). Exploring the mental health and psychosocial problems of Congolese refugees living in refugee settings in Rwanda and Uganda: a rapid qualitative study. Conflict and Health, 1-21. Collishaw, S., Gardner, F., Lawrence Aber, J., & Cluver, L. (2016). Predictors of mental health resilience in children who have been parentally bereaved by AIDS in urban South Africa. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, pp. 719–730. Feiss, R., Dolinger, S. B., Merritt, M., Reiche, E., Martin, K., Yanes, J. A., et al. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based stress, anxiety, and depression prevention programs for adolescents. Journal of youth and adolescence, 1668-1685. Liu, Y. W., Bai, B., Liu, F., Chen, Y., Wang, Y., & Geng, Q. (2023). Trends in Unhealthy Lifestyle Factors among Adults with Stroke in the United States between 1999 and 2018. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 1223. NAMI. (2023). Mental Health By the Numbers. Retrieved 09 20, 2023, from nami.org: https://www.nami.org/mhstats SPRC. (2023). Consequences of Student Mental Health Issues. Retrieved 09 20, 2023, from SPRC: https://sprc.org/settings/colleges-and-universities/consequences-of-student-mental-health-issues/#:~:text=Mental%20health%20problems%20can%20affect%20a%20student's%20energy%20level%2C%20concentration,%2C%20and%20optimism%2C%20hindering%20performance.&text Zhang, M. G. (2019). Demographics and clinical profiles of patients visiting a free clinic in Miami, Florida. Frontiers in public health, p. 212.