Answer the questions based on reading

2 pages (each question one page) 

Craft brewing specialist organizations—especially microbreweries and brewpubs—only began appearing in the U.S. in the late 1970s. Before then, generalist brewers—the forerunners of mass brewers today—were the dominant organizational form in the beer industry.

(A) Explain Carroll & Swaminathan’s theory for why specialist brewers (what we would call craft brewers today) only began emerging in the late 1970s. Your response should summarize the main relevant points of Carroll & Swaminathan’s argument. Some detail is required, but only enough to convince us that you understand the population ecology perspective and in particular the resource partitioning hypothesis.

(B) Explain where discriminating beer drinkers got high-quality beer before the late 1970s, if not from craft brewers (which did not exist yet).