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If thinkf thatf itf isf af highf andf powerfulf branchf butf notf asf powerf asf wef think.f Thef USf
Supremef Courtf hasf thatf powerf tof dof whatf thef Judiciaryf can't.f First,f thef U.S.f Constitutionf
isf thef supremef lawf off thef landf inf thef Unitedf States.f Itf createdf af federalf systemf off
governmentf inf whichf powerf isf sharedf betweenf thef federalf governmentf andf thef statef
governments.f Thatf alonef putsf thef judiciaryf onf thef samef levelf off power.f Theyf dof havef
thef powersf tof interpret,f applyf andf defendf lawsf inf legalf cases.f Theyf aref calledf uponf tof
helpf bef af decisionf makerf inf af case,f butf thef USf Supremef Courtsf holdf moref powerf afterf
theirf finalf decision.f Somethingf thatf cannotf bef overturnedf byf thef judiciaryf branchf orf
others.f Onef casef thatf goesf downf inf historyf asf beingf onef off thef mostf controversialf casesf
wasf Brownf v.f Boardf off Educationf (1954).f Whenf Plessyf v.f Fergusonf wasf battlingf overf
tryingf tof convincef thef NAACPf thatf separatedf schoolsf wasf stillf anf equalf decisionf wheref
itf wasf eventuallyf reversed.f Convincingf thef courtsf thatf educationf inf separatedf schoolsf off
whitesf andf peoplef off colorf wasf okf andf itf wasf not.f Hencef goingf forth,f wasf ablef havef
ourf futuref shapedf tof bef af NOWf equalf spellf off educationf tof everyone.f Thef judicialf branchf
tof somef isf consideredf thef mostf andf leastf powerfulf formf off government.f Thef judicialf
branchf hasf thef powersf tof interpretf laws.f However,f itf doesn'tf havef thef abilityf tof ensuref
theyf aref enforced.f Presidentf Andrewf addressf thisf limitationf off thef judicialf branch.f Statef
canf createf lawsf andf mandatesf howeverf thef supremef courtf hasf thef powerf tof vetof it.f Theref
aref differentf levelsf off thef judicialf system,f andf thef supremef courtf isf thef highestf courtf off
themf all.f Thef judicialf branchf primaryf rolef isf tof interpretf thef constitution.f Af supremef
courtf justicef doesf havef thef powerf off positionf asf thef termf forf af Supremef courtf justicef isf
af lifetimef off service.f Thef supremef courtf hasf ninef judgesf tof preventf af tief onf af judgement.f
Byf beingf ablef tof servef af lifef term,f af Supremef courtf justicef doesn'tf havef consequencesf
suchf asf havingf tof runf forf election.f Thisf givesf themf lessf stressf off consequencef sof theyf
canf focusf onf thef jobf af hand.f If agreef thatf thef judicialf aref thef mostf powerful,f thef reasonf
being.f Rightf now,f wef aref dealingf withf thef debatef off maskf mandates.f Thef supremef courtf
threwf outf thisf judgmentf forf largerf companies.f Byf allowingf thef mandatef thisf isf forcingf
peoplef tof dof somethingf theyf don'tf believef in,f inf myf opinionf goesf againstf theirf freef will.f
Allf judgesf nof matterf theirf beliefsf havef tof upholdf thef constitution.f If disagree,f thef U.S.f
Supremef Courtf isf thef highestf courtf inf thef Unitedf States.f Thef federalf judiciaryf operatesf
separatelyf andf consistsf off lowerf federalf courts.f Marburyf v.f Madisonf wasf af Supremef
Courtf casef establishingf federalf courtsf hadf thef powerf tof overturnf anf actf off congress.f
Gideonf v.f Wainwrightf wasf alsof af Supremef Courtf casef wheref Gideonf representedf himself.f
Thef Supremef Courtf ruledf thatf underf thef Sixthf Amendmentf thef U.S.f wouldf providef
attorneysf tof criminalf defendantsf whof aref unablef tof affordf one.f Afterf Gideonf wasf foundf
guilty,f hef filedf af handwrittenf petitionf tof overturnf hisf convictionf forf notf havingf af court-
appointedf attorney.f Hisf petitionf wasf denied.f Gideonf didf notf acceptf thatf answer,f Gideonf
continuedf tof petitionf hisf casef untilf hef finallyf wasf grantedf af court-appointedf lawyer.f
Gideonf wasf laterf retiredf andf wasf foundf notf guilty.f Thef federalf judiciaryf requirementsf Inf
Articlef IIIf off thef Constitution,f “Thef judicialf Powerf off thef Unitedf States,f shallf bef vestedf
inf onf supremef Court.f Thef Courtsf onlyf havef thef powerf specifiedf inf Articlef III.f Theirf
judgesf holdf officef forf life,f asf longf asf theyf aref notf guiltyf off judicialf misconduct.f If dof
agreef thatf thef Federalf Judiciaryf doesf havef thef mostf powerf outf off thef 3f branchesf off
government.f If agreef becausef theyf havef thef powerf toof overf rulef decisionsf andf interpretf
lawsf thatf havef beenf madef byf thef otherf 2f branchesf off government.f Inf thef casef off Unitedf
Statesf vsf Nixonf thef Supremef Courtf decidedf thatf thef Presidentsf powerf wasf limitedf andf
thatf Nixonf hadf tof turnf overf thef recordedf conversationsf hef had.f Itf wasf leftf upf tof thef
Supremef Courtf tof decidef whetherf thef presidentf doesf notf thef rightf tof withholdf informationf
andf thatf itf violatedf thef separationf off powers.f Inf thef casef off Lovingf vsf Virginia,f thef
Supremef Courtf overf ruledf thef statef off Virginia'sf rulingf andf struckf downf thef anti-
miscegenationf statuesf duef tof itf violatingf thef fourteenthf amendment.f Thef requirementsf forf
federalf judiciaryf accordingf tof thef constitutionf isf notf specific.f Thef Justicef isf usuallyf
recommendedf byf Congress,f nominatedf butf thef President,f andf confirmedf byf thef Senate.f
Theyf dof notf havef tof runf forf officef andf oncef inf theirf positionf theyf canf stayf tillf theyf
retire.f Thef videof fromf thisf weekf discussedf howf Alexanderf Hamiltonf saidf thatf thef
Judiciaryf branchf off thef governmentf isf thef weakestf branchf becausef itf doesf notf havef asf
hef saidf itf thef swordf andf thef purse.f Thef federalf Judiciaryf isf powerfulf butf If dof notf believef
itf isf thef mostf powerfulf branchf off government.f ''Inf thef lastf twof weeksf off itsf term,f thef
supremef courtf reshapedf thef balancef off powerf betweenf thef Presidentf andf Congress.f Whilef
thef court'sf decisionf onf Presidentf Trump'sf taxesf receivedf mostf off thef attentionf af lessf -f
heraldedf opinionf enhancedf thef President'sf alreadyf greatf power,f takingf anotherf greatf stepf
towardf enshriningf af simplisticf visionf off Americanf democracyf withf thef Presidentf atf itsf
centre.f Atf thef rootf off thef decisionf wasf badf history''.f
Washingtonpost.com/outlook/2020/07/14/supreme-court-just-made-president-more-
powerful/f By:f Noahf A.f Rosenblum.Thef case,f Seilaf LawLLCf V.f Consumerf Financialf
Protectionf Bureauf isf thef casef thatf If foundf givingf thef presidentf moref powerf fromf thef
Supremef court.f Thef executivef branchf off governmentf isf anf officef withf onlyf onef personf
thef President,f butf thef powerf givenf tof himf byf thef Constitutionf tof interpretf itf asf neededf
orf openf tof interpretationf forf himf tof usef hisf powerf asf hef seesf fitf makesf thef executivef
branchf moref powerfulf thanf thef Judiciary.f Thef Presidentf canf vetof legislationf givingf himf
finalf sayf inf laws,f spending,f pardons,f foreignf policy,f powerf tof appointf judgesf andf officersf
andf thef Presidentf isf thef hightf off militaryf powerf asf Commanderf andf Chief.f Whilef thef
Presidentf canf bef impeachedf andf Checksf andf Balancesf existf forf allf 3f branchesf thef
President'sf powerf isf farf greaterf thanf thef judiciary.f If feelf thatf thef Supremef Courtf isf thef
mostf powerfulf branchf off government.f Thef Supremef Courtf off Unitedf Statesf isf thef highestf
courtf inf federalf judiciaryf pff thef Unitedf Statesf off America.f Itf hasf thef ultimatef andf largelyf
discretionaryf appellatef jurisdictionf overallf federalf andf statef courtf casesf thatf involvef af
pointf off federalf lawf andf originalf jurisdictionf overf af narrowf rangef off cases.f Onef off thef
U.Sf Supremef Courtf decisionsf If havef hadf personallyf touchf myf lifef isf thef rulingf off samef
sexf marriage.f Onef off myf highf schoolf friendsf isf af lesbianf andf foundf af partnerf thatf shef
wantedf tof sharef herf lifef andf havef childrenf with,f shef alsof wantedf tof bef marriedf inf thef
courtf off law.f Iff thef Supremef Courtf didn'tf rulef inf thisf favourf shef wouldn'tf havef beenf
ablef tof fulfilf herf dream.
Thef decisionf wasf writtenf byf Justicef Anthonyf Kennedy.
"Nof unionf isf moref profoundf thanf marriage,f forf itf embodiesf thef highestf levelf off love,f
fidelity,f devotion,f sacrificef andf family.f Inf formingf af maritalf union,f twof peoplef becomef
somethingf greaterf thanf oncef theyf were,f "Kennedyf wrote"f asf somef off thef petitionersf inf
thesef casesf demonstratef marriagef embodiesf af lovef thatf mayf enduref evenf pastf death”.f If
agreef thatf thef Unitedf Statesf Supremef Courtf hasf mostf off thef powerf inf thef federalf
judiciary.f Firstf offf let’sf lookf atf thef seatsf off thef supremef courtf justices.f Theyf aref
comprisedf off onef chieff justicef andf eightf associatef justices,f whof aref allf nominatedf byf
thef presidentf off thef Unitedf States,f andf confirmedf byf thef senate.f Thef supremef courtf alsof
hasf jurisdictionf overf allf casesf thatf aref broughtf intof federalf court,f andf notf tof mentionf allf
rulingsf decidedf byf thef supremef courtf aref final,f sof theref isf nof higherf courtf orf personf tof
appealf to.f Iff wef lookf atf thef supremef courtsf rulingf decisionf inf thef casef off Brownf versusf
Thef Boardf off Education,f thef supremef courtf ruledf unanimouslyf thatf raciallyf segregatedf
publicf schoolsf aref unconstitutionalf andf theyf violatef thef fourteenthf amendment,f andf thisf
rulingf overturnedf thef Plessyf versusf Ferguson,f whichf createdf thef separatef butf equalf
doctrine.f Theref isf alsof Marburyf versusf Madison,f inf whichf theref wasf af disputef overf whof
canf ultimatelyf decidef whatf thef lawf is.f Thef supremef courtf ruledf thatf itf isf thef dutyf off
thef judicialf departmentf tof sayf whatf thef lawf is,f whichf gavef thef courtf thef abilityf tof
dismissf anyf law,f onf thef groundsf thatf theyf aref unconstitutional.f Thef Supremef courtf isf
thef highestf courtf inf ourf land,f sof If dof agreef withf youf thatf thef Supremef courtf hasf thef
mostf powerf inf thef federalf judiciary.f Youf havef givenf twof examplesf off thef supremef courtf
makingf decisionsf bothf off whichf theyf declaredf thef lawf unconstitutionalf makingf thef lawf
invalidf whichf isf onef off thef greatestf powersf off thef Judiciary.f thef judicialf branchf isf thef
mostf powerfulf off thef threef branches.f Thef judicalf branchedf primaryf responsibilityf isf tof
upholdf thef constitution.f Thef Legislativef branchf makesf thef laws.f Thef executivef branchf
enforcesf thef laws.f Thef judicialf branchf canf vetof anyf lawf thatf isf deemedf unconstitutional.f
Thef judicialf branchf canf vetof bothf off thef otherf twof branchesf andf vetof actionf signedf byf
thef presidentf off thef Unitedf States.f Thef objectivef isf tof assetf thef laws,f andf billf andf howf
thef effectf thef nationf longf termf andf itf affectsf thef equalitiesf andf freedomsf forf allf andf
society.f Thef judicialf branchf isf thef mostf powerfulf off thef threef branches.f Thef judicialf
branchedf primaryf responsibilityf isf tof upholdf thef constitution.f Thef Legislativef branchf
makesf thef laws.f Thef executivef branchf enforcesf thef laws.f Thef judicialf branchf canf vetof
anyf lawf thatf isf deemedf unconstitutional.f Thef judicialf branchf canf vetof bothf off thef otherf
twof branchesf andf vetof actionf signedf byf thef presidentf off thef Unitedf States.f Thef objectivef
isf tof assetf thef laws,f andf billf andf howf thef effectf thef nationf longf termf andf itf affectsf thef
equalitiesf andf freedomsf forf allf andf society.f Thef supremef courtf isf sometimesf onef off thef
lastf resortsf forf someonef lookingf forf theirf justice.f Thef Supremef Courtf alsof hasf thef powerf
off judicialf review,f If alsof agreef thatf thef Supremef Courtf madef af goodf decisionf onf
allowingf samef sexf marriages.f Whilef thef Presidentf canf vetof legislation,f butf itf doesf notf
givef himf thef finalf say.f Thef Senatef canf passf thef samef lawf iff theyf getf 2/3f majorityf votef
betweenf thef Housef off Representativesf andf Senate.f Congressf hasf tof approvef allf loansf
agreements.f Thef presidentf nominatesf thef justicef butf Senatef mustf approvef them.f If agreef
Presidentf isf powerfulf butf notf thef mostf off thef 3.If agreef thef casef off thef Unitedf Statesf v.f
Nixonf isf af greatf examplef off howf thef Supremef Courtf hadf thef powerf tof overridef thef
presidentf andf asf af resultf madef himf resignf beforef hef couldf bef impeached.f Thatf isf af lotf
off powerf andf authorityf tof dof butf theyf hadf itf done.f Thisf meansf thatf af casef fromf anyf
courtf systemf (includingf statef courtsf andf militaryf courts)f canf havef af finalf appealf atf thef
Court.f Thisf isf anotherf aspectf off howf powerfulf thef USf Supremef Courtf is,f too..f If wouldf
sayf theyf aref powerfulf toof inf thef government.f If dof believef withf allf thef mandatesf andf
stufff it'sf makingf af lotf off folksf tof getf riggedf vaccinef cardf andf justf goingf crazyf outf here.f
Mostf off thef branchesf dof servef powerf tof thef governmentf whichf canf determinef whatf needsf
tof beenf donef inf thef U.S.f Thef casef Brownf vsf Brownf wasf suchf historicalf case.f Havingf
childrenf splitf intof differentf schoolsf becausef off colorf isf disgracefulf inf myf opinion.f Forf
childrenf off colorf andf whitesf tof bef inf thef samef schoolf havingf thef samef rightsf inf
educationf isf af mustf tof bef treatedf equally.f Thef onlyf thingf thatf thef judiciaryf branchf doesf
isf putf peoplef behindf barsf andf enforcef thef lawsf thatf havef tof bef passedf byf thef legislativef
branch.f Evenf thoughf theyf putf thosef lawsf inf action.f Theyf havef nof sayf sof inf anythingf
otherf thanf causingf peoplef tof gof tof courtf forf crazyf andf ridiculousf fines.f I'mf notf talkingf
aboutf murdersf andf offenders,f If meanf thef peoplef whof gof tof jailf forf pettyf crimes.f Atf thef
endf off thef dayf theyf aref justf tryingf tof getf af check.f If alsof disagreef thatf thef federalf
judiciaryf isf thef mostf powerfulf branchf off thef government.f Interpretingf thef lawsf andf beingf
ablef tof actuallyf passf af lawf makesf af greatf differencef inf powerf andf thatf isf whyf itf isf saidf
tof believef thef Legislativef branchf isf thef mostf powerfulf off themf three.f Declaringf warf isf
majorf andf onlyf thef legislativef branchf canf dof thatf whichf isf anotherf reasonf whyf theyf aref
moref powerful.f Judiciaryf branchf isf saidf tof bef thef weakest.f Theref havef beenf somef
historicalf casesf thatf havef comef outf off thef Supremef Court.f Roef vs.f Wadef isf af greatf
examplef off this.f Otherf historicalf casesf includef Lovingf vs.f Virginia,f andf Brownf vs.f Thef
Boardf off Education,f justf tof namef af couple.f Bothf casesf aref historicalf becausef withoutf
Loving,f whof knowsf iff interracialf relationshipsf wouldf havef everf beenf acceptedf inf
America.f Brownf vs.f Thef Boardf off Educationf wasf actuallyf fourf casesf consideredf underf
onef rubric,f whichf If wasf wasn'tf awaref of,f butf thisf casef isf especiallyf historicalf asf itf lookedf
intof segregationf inf thef publicf schoolf system.f Thesef casesf helpedf tof shapef Americasf
futuref andf theref isf nof tellingf whatf Americaf todayf wouldf lookf likef hadf thesef casesf notf
takenf place.f Becausef off ourf federalf judiciaryf andf U.S.f Supremef Court,f theref havef beenf
totallyf differentf outcomesf whenf itf comesf tof cases.f Af goodf examplef off thisf isf GIDEONf
V.f WAINWRIGHT,f 1963f whenf Gideonf wasf chargedf withf felonyf breakingf andf enteringf
andf wasf deniedf counself duef tof Bettsf v.f Brady,f 1942f inf whichf itf wasf foundf thatf af regularf
personf couldf representf themselvesf asf longf asf theref weref nof physicalf orf mentalf
limitations.f Itf wasf becausef off thisf rulingf off thef Supremef Courtf inf 1942f thatf Gideonf wasf
foundf guiltyf duef tof lackf off representation.f He'df laterf filef af petitionf withf thef Supremef
Courtf tof overturnf hisf convictionf statingf thatf hisf rightsf weref denied.f Thef Supremef Courtf
approvedf thef petitionf inf af unanimousf decision.f Gideonf wasf retried,f appointedf
representationf andf foundf notf guiltyf off thef crimef he'df beenf sentf tof jailf for.f Itf wasf withf
thisf petitionf thatf representationf wasf viewedf asf necessityf insteadf off af luxury.f Legallyf
havingf tof bef toldf yourf rightsf andf havingf thef rightf tof obtainf representationf isf somethingf
thatf peoplef takef forf granted,f veryf true,f butf theyf moref thanf likelyf aren'tf awaref off thef
casesf andf individualsf thatf broughtf thesef injusticesf tof light.f Thef checksf andf balancesf
servef asf af wayf tof makef suref thatf whatf isf consideredf andf madef intof lawsf aref agreedf
uponf byf thef majority.f Oncef thatf happensf thoughf thef Supremef Courtf isf inf chargef off
makingf suref thatf itf isf abidedf byf andf isf inf standardsf off thef Constitution.f Theirf decisionsf
madef af lotf off lifef changingf andf worldf changingf thingsf happen.f If believef thatf whof isf
nominatedf forf thisf positronf needsf tof bef af partf off itf forf life.f Theref aref sof manyf changesf
thatf canf happenf inf af lifetime,f thef peoplef needf tof bef awaref off thef changesf andf maturef
enoughf tof wantf tof seef thef fairnessf off thef peoplef off thef land.f Progressf canf onlyf bef madef
whenf peoplef seef af problemf andf aref willingf tof changef it.f If believef thatf thef Supremef
Courtf isf onef off thef groupsf inf thef governmentf thatf hasf helpedf tof dof that.
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