Southern New Hampshire University
PHL-230 Religions of the World
EXAM 16 questions and answers
1
Which descriptor is associated with humanism?
Belief that God is unimportant
From the Latin word for “nothing”
Belief that God does not exist
A non-religious answer to many ultimate questions
CONCEPT
Humanism, Atheism, and Nihilism
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2
Pacifism claims that what action is never morally justified?
Proselyting
Military force
Public protest
Universalism
CONCEPT
War and Peace
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3
Terrorism, as one possible form of religious violence, can be defined as:
any form of subjugation from the perspective of those subjected.
a physical attack designed to destroy an enemy group's material
resources, such as military equipment.
any threat or action intended to instill fear in civilian populations
and achieve social, political, or religious aims.
any damage that affects a group of people unintentionally,
sometimes more neutrally called "collateral damage."
CONCEPT
Religious Wars & Violence
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4
Which philosopher argued that religion was born out of fear?
Aristotle
Plato
Vico
Socrates
CONCEPT
Fear and Wonder: Ultimate Questions
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5
Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding the separation of church and state?
While many states can be described as secular, theocracies are the
most common form of government.
While the state power and religious ideology may be officially
separated, they often remain culturally intertwined.
The best state is the one that remains completely unguided
by religious ideology.
The best form of the state is one that is based upon the
Ten Commandments.
CONCEPT
Separation of Church and State
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6
Which religion teaches that the environment was made for people to have dominion over?
Hinduism
Confucianism
Buddhism
Christianity
CONCEPT
The Environment
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7
In 1990, the U.S. Supreme Court determined that Native Americans:
did not have an exemption from laws prohibiting the use of
peyote, even though it is a religious sacrament.
had the right to practice animal sacrifice for religious reasons.
did not have any First Amendment religious protections at all.
had the right to use peyote as a religious sacrament, even if it
is against the law.
CONCEPT
Religious & Political Issues
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8
In an atheistic state, the government:
selects a single state religion.
is neutral on the matter of religion.
encourages spiritual worship.
actively discourages religiosity.
CONCEPT
Atheistic States
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9
In many modern nations, law codes are based on the separation of church and state.
However, a few nations are theocratic, meaning:
the government is led by religious leaders who are considered
to be divinely guided.
CONCEPT
Law
the government is led by a hereditary king or queen.
the separation of church and state is even more strictly enforced.
morality and personal responsibility are left entirely to the individual.
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10
Which of the following is true of a state religion?
It is when a state is ruled by a religious leader.
It is adopted as the official religion by a country.
It is viewed as the true religion by everyone who lives within
a country.
It is when a religion is associated with a specific ethnic group.
CONCEPT
National Religions
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11
Which ethical code corresponds with Buddhism?
Sharia
Nirvana
Decalogue
Noble Eightfold Path
CONCEPT
Duties and Law
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12
Which of the following is an accurate statement about women in religious leadership roles?
Most religions try to relegate women to the domestic sphere,
which is one way of keeping tradition alive.
Christianity has not allowed women to serve in leadership roles,
and this continues today.
Women are not allowed to be leaders in any religion.
Reform, Reconstructionist, and Conservative Judaism ordain
women as rabbis.
CONCEPT
Gender
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13
Equality as a social principle was emphasized by what religious leader in the 6th century?
Muhammed
Buddha
Jesus
Moses
CONCEPT
Societal Structure
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14
Ancient Romans celebrated the pagan festival known as .
Ramadan
Passover
Saturnalia
Diwali
CONCEPT
Festivals
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15
What is monogamy, in the context of marriage?
A marriage in which a person is married more than once
A marriage that is recognized by the state, but not the church
A marriage between two people
A marriage between more than two people
CONCEPT
Family Structure
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16
Murtis are objects of religious worship found in the tradition, in which the is present
in the image.
Muslim; worshipper
Buddhist; soul
Ojibwe; ancestor
Hindu; deity
CONCEPT
Sacred Objects
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17
Countries like Iran are considered to be because their Supreme Leaders are considered to
be divinely guided.
Life cycle events, like pilgrimages, can be best described as facilitating:
immanence and spiritual materialism.
permanent dissolution of the self.
reform to religious institutions.
both spiritual and identity transformation.
CONCEPT
Life Cycle Events
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19
Religion influences , or customs derived from or determined by society.
secular innovations
political norms
social conventions
educational goals
CONCEPT
Social Convention
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20
Which of the following is a way in which religious traditions transmit teachings about morals and
ethics?
Mass media
Architecture
Oral traditions
Music
CONCEPT
Overview of Morality & Ethics
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21
Which of the following best describes a Buddhist perspective on the afterlife?
One may be united with Buddha.
One may achieve nirvana and end the cycle of rebirth.
One may achieve eternal bardo.
One dies and returns to the earth.
CONCEPT
Death and Eternity
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22
Which of the following terms refers to a sacred journey to a particular place, such as a shrine or an
important geographical location?
Baptism
Passover
Ramadan
Pilgrimage
CONCEPT
Pilgrimages
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23
What is an example of a ritual in Christianity?
What is the predominant religious tradition of the Americas?
Buddhist
Secular
Christian
Muslim
CONCEPT
Many "Worlds" in One
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25
Which of the following best describes liberation theology?
A Roman Catholic movement that seeks to "liberate" people
from false religions and lead them to Catholicism
An ecumenical movement that heavily emphasizes one's
personal relationship with God, often leading to a distrust of
community rituals
A Roman Catholic movement, in which Jesus' teachings are held to
demand or strongly encourage social action
An ecumenical movement that uses Jesus' teachings to encourage
people to break down religiously motivated barriers and worship
together
CONCEPT
Liberation Theology, Economic Inequality, and Social Justice
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26
Religion may help to provide a society with what is called , or shared moral sense, that binds
the members of a society together and encourages social and political stability.
social justice
toleration
sensus communis
ecumenicalism
CONCEPT
Religious Inclusion and Exclusion
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27
Which of the following is a holy place in the Hindu religion?
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Taoism
Confucianism
Buddhism
CONCEPT
Marriage, Family, and Sexuality
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29
In the business place, laws help bring people of different religions together and give a safe
place for diversity.
canonical
anti-discrimination
non-compete
