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Ford Motors Credit Company: Monitoring competitors’ Performance
12 April 2022
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d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d Company’s overview
The Ford Motor company was founded in 1903 in Dearborn, Michigan. It is
esteemed as one of the top sellers in the automobile industry that offers commercial cars
under the brand name Ford while the luxurious vehicles are offered under the brand name
Lincoln. In the United States of America, it is considered to be the best automotive
manufacturer. At the global level, Ford holds the 5th rank. Most of the profits come from
North America for the company. It is a billion-dollar business in the world and here is a
comprehensive analysis in monitoring the competitors’ performance.
A comprehensive analysis has been carried out and resented in the report to
understand how organizations develop and manage strategies to function in the evolving
market landscape in the 21st century. Some of the key tools that have been used to perform
the analysis are SWOT analysis, Porters 5 Forces analysis, External Factor Evaluation (EFE)
Matrix and Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM). The external environmental analysis has been
performed by taking into consideration the Ford company. d
SWOT Analysis – Opportunities and Threats
SWOT analysis is an important analytical tool that helps businesses to get a detailed
insight into external market variables such as opportunities and threats and internal variables
such as strengths and weaknesses. For conducting external analysis using the SWOT
framework, emphasis has been laid on opportunities and threats since they arise in the
external business climate.
Opportunities
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The company strives to be technologically adaptive and this is good for they can
leverage this in producing fuel efficient cars and commercial vehicles. They can also try and
penetrate markets such as Asia or even emerging economies of smaller countries so as to
broaden their customer base. In the fast growing world of technology, the company has an
opportunity to do more digital marketing so as to grow its customer and supplier
interactions. The company can also look into venturing into an auto relate industry such as
rentals so as to diversify their portfolio.
Threats
The company has a very cut throat competition in companies such as Tesla and
GM and this puts them at a point where they could potentially lose their customers.
Another issue would arise in the high and increasing cost of raw materials which narrows
the profit margin. Due to the environmental agreements there have been increased
regulations and compliance that is needed in the automotive industry and this has had a
negative impact on the company. The market is also very uncertain where vehicles might
not sell well in the recent years as compared to the previous years. The table presented
below shows the five key opportunities and threats that impact the Ford company in the
automobile industry. d
OT Table
Opportunities
Threats
Ford must adapt to new digital
technologies so that it can manufacture
fuel-efficient vehicles (Lardinois, 2021).
Ford faces intense competition from well-
known market players like General Motors
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Company, Toyota Motors and Honda Motor
Company (Team, 2019).
In the globalized times, Ford must try to
enter new and less explored markets such
as Asia to expand its target customer base.
The rise in the cost of raw materials that is
used in the automobile manufacturing process
is another major threat for Ford.
The business can leverage digital
technology to reshape its marketing so that
it can have an engaging interaction with its
customers (Enkhbayar, 2018).
The need to adhere to new regulations and
laws across diverse global markets increases
complexity for Ford. There have been instances
of product recall due to compliance issues.
Ford can adopt the diversification strategy
to expand its existing portfolio.
There exists high uncertainty in the market
setting owing to evolving and changing
customer buying preferences in the automobile
industry. It could hamper the profitability of
Ford (Arya, 2019).
Ford must constantly upgrade its
automobile designs and business processes
so that the risk of obsolescence can be
managed effectively.
The evolving nature of technology and
innovation might make the existing products of
Ford obsolete in the near future.
Porter Five Forces
d d d d d Threat of New Entrants:
Setting up an automobile company requires a huge sum of capital for the
infrastructure and distribution channels. This also leads to a point where the entry barrier is
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set to a new high for those wishing to try a hand in the industry. As compared to its world
competitors, Ford has a well build brand name and years’ worth of relationship with their
suppliers and distributors which has given them an upper hand in the determining the cost
in the long run. This helps with cushioning their customers. Since the barrier for entering
this industry is too high, then the threat of new entrants is low. Thus, it can be said that
the threat that Ford faces from new entrants is low. The high level of uncertainty,
complexity and ambiguity that exists in the automotive industry further makes it challenging
for new entrants to enter into the market setting (Simonazzi et al., 2020).
Threat of Substitutes
The Ford Motor Company specializes in cars, trucks, and SUVs there are public
transport, bicycles, and bikes which can be substitutes. Electric vehicle can offer another
way in which the company can broaden their portfolio since most companies are
leveraging on the fact that there is a need for going green. However, the threat for
substitute is still low as the company is specialized in a niche that is not interested in
public transport. Also the infrastructure around electric vehicles is still developing hence
there is no immediate threat to the company. The threat of substitutes that arise in the
automobile industry is weak since a car offers high convenience as well as flexibility to
users (Automobiles May 2017 - IBEF, 2017).
Bargaining Power of Customers
Ford offers various choices to its customers. Most of the customer base is the middle
class who prices of the automobiles matter more than loyalty to the brand. If the customer
is interested in another brand, there is no cost for switching and some customers might
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consider an electric vehicle more than a fuel consuming vehicle. These factors give the
customers a high bargaining power. However, the products by Ford are different and
specific, also the customers are not in a position to produce what Ford offers on their own
by sourcing them direct from the supplier. This definitely lowers the bargaining power of
the customers. The bargaining power of customers depends on the availability of diverse
options in the automobile industry. Since there exist a large number of manufacturers in the
automobile industry, the customers have an advantage over the Ford business. They have an
option to prefer the vehicle of another brand if they are not satisfied with the offerings of
the Ford brand.
Bargaining Power of Suppliers
The company sources its raw materials from all over the world. Ranging from
Canada, to Japan Sweden and Colombia. This has given them an upper hand in that there
is no geographical concentration of supplies which means that there is no concentration of
power. Further, there are no switching costs in switching suppliers, except when terminating
existing contracts. Also, the suppliers have no ability to produce what Ford is producing. So,
overall, the bargaining power of suppliers is a weak force as per the Porter’s model.
However, in recent times, the trend is gradually changing and suppliers are gradually gaining
an advantage owing to the requirement of a large number of parts for automobile production.
Competitive Rivalry
The global automotive industry grows continuously. Markets are very competitive
with companies focusing on market penetration. With a revenue of more than $120 billion
USD globally in a year, selling more 60 million cars it has the upper hand in the global
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market share and faces competition only from companies like Toyota, Volkswagen, Honda,
Hyundai, Chevrolet, General Motors etc. Since the industry is capital-intensive, with a great
amount needed for establishing the company both infrastructural and in terms of distribution.
This brings about a high exit barrier for the competitors and there are no switching costs in
the part of the customer moving to the competitor. The threat from competitors is extremely
high in the automobile industry which increases the level of complexity for Ford (Nagy &
Jámbor, 2018).
Competitive Analysis - Three competitors
The three competitors of Ford that have been identified are General Motors, Tesla and The
Shyft Group. Each of the businesses has been showcasing robust business performance.
General Motors is a reputed American automotive manufacturing business that was founded
in 1908. It has been delivering value for the target market audience by focusing on
innovative automobiles (Investor relations | General Motors Company, 2021). Tesla is a
relatively new automobile business that came into existence in 2003. It gives a tough
competition to Ford since it leverages innovation to produce electronic automobiles. The
Shyft Group specializes in designing, engineering and producing a broad range of
automobiles like chassis, specialty vehicles, etc. The solid financial performance and brand
presence add to the competition that Ford faces in the automobile domain.
Competitor Profile Matrix
The Competitor Profile matrix has been used as an important analytical tool to
evaluate Ford’s performance against that of its major rivals in the automobile industry
(Bhattacharjee & Dey, 2015). Currently, the electric car industry is fast growing. These three
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companies dominate the industry and are aggressive in developing and marketing techniques,
making them worthy competitors. In terms of revenue, Ford Motors and General Motors
(GM) outcompete Tesla valued at 127,144,000,000, 122,484,000,000 and 31,536,000,000
respectively. According to (Mergent Online), the overall company size of Ford is the largest
among the three competitors, with over 186,000 employees. GM comes second in size with
155,000 employees, followed by Tesla (70,757 employees) and the Shyft Group company
with 3,000 employees. Ford company prides itself on its cutting edge design and technology.
Their innovation focuses on designing environmentally friendly and self-driving vehicles, a
venture they continue to succeed in.
General Motors is well known for its utility vehicles, including pickup trucks. The
business has planned to launch over 30 electric vehicles by the year 2025 by leveraging
digital technologies. Tesla's entrepreneur Elon Musk believes that the faster the world moves
from depending on and using fossil fuels, the better. The company specializes in electric
vehicles and clean energy and storage products. The Shyft Group is characterized by its
exceptional capability of combining in-depth industry knowledge, expertise in engineering
and manufacturing, and purposeful innovation to develop highly efficient and reliable
products and services.
Key factors of Ford Motors, GM, Tesla, and Shyft Group
Company
name
Ford Motors
General
Motors(GM)
Tesla
Shyft
Group
Net income
(2021)
17,937,000,000
10,019,000,000
5,519,000,000
68,925,000
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Inventory
turnover
(2021)
10.03
9.40
8.16
13.95
Profit
margin %
(2021)
13.16
7.89
10.25
6.95
Inventories
(2021)
12,065,000,000
12,988,000,000
5,757,000,000
67,184,000
Calculated
tax rate %
(2021)
0.74
24.28
11.02
17.17
Advertising
(2021)
3,100,000,000
3,300,000,000
_
_
Stock
exchange
NYS
NYS
NMS
NMS
Research
and
Development
(2021)
7,600,000,000
7,900,000,000
2,593,000,000
8,541,000
Competitive Analysis – Success Factors
An in-depth competitive analysis has been caried out by critically making a
comparison between Ford and three of its major competitors in the automobile industry
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namely General Motors (GM), Tesla and Shyft Group. One of the key elements that has
been taken into consideration while making the comparison is profit margin. Profit margin
refers to the percentage of sales that a business entity is able to retain after taking into
account all the incurred expenses (Nariswari & Nugraha, 2020). The comparison of the
profit margin of all the companies has revealed that in 2021, Ford had the highest profit
margin as compared to its competitors since it stood at 13.16 %. Tesla is its closest rival
with the profit margin of 10.25 % during the same period of time. Some of the key success
factors in addition to the profit margin that give the Ford Company an edge is presented
below:
1. Innovation – Ford has restructured its vision by focusing on innovation. Such
an approach has helped it to develop its capacity and produce top-notch automobile
products.
2. Quality – The high quality of Ford products acts as a USP that helps it to
create value for the target market audience. The high focus on customer-specific
requirements enables it to focus on quality which creates value for the market
audience.
3. Financial performance (Profit margin) – The consistent financial
performance of Ford gives it a competitive edge in the industry. The stable financial
performance helps it to strategically use funds to work on innovative features and
new models.
4. Goodwill – Ford has a high reputation in the market owing to its diverse
variety of automobile products that combine efficiency, styling, fuel-efficiency, and
customer safety.
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5. Reliability - Ford is known to be a highly reliable market player in the
automobile industry that offers top-notch vehicles that meet the overall needs of
customers.
6. Loyal customer base – One of the greatest strengths of Ford is the existence
of loyal customers at the global level. Over the past decades, the automobile
business has succeeded to establish a trust-based relationship with the market
audience.
7. Adaptability – Ford came into existence in 1903 and since then it has
succeeded to evolve and create value or its customers by fulfilling their needs. Its
ability to adapt to the ever-changing automobile business landscape acts as a major
strength as well as success factor.
8. Focus on innovation – The business constantly pursues innovation which has
helped it to produce some of the most popular automobiles in the world. Such an
approach has enabled the business to deliver value at the comprehensive level for
its target market audience.
In September 2021, Ford announced that it is looking to build three battery factories and a
brand new assembly plant to produce new electric vehicles, a venture that would cost them
$11 billion in investments. (States News Service, 2021). By 2025, the company intends to
invest $30 billion in expanding its electric vehicle production. This would be a step
forward in attaining their goal of replacing fossil-powered vehicles by 2026 (States News
Service, 2021).
EFE Matrix
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The EFE matrix which is also known as External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix
has been presented below. The key opportunities and threats of the Ford business have been
identified and weights have been assigned to them. This strategic analysis tool is of
paramount importance in the business context since it enables entities to examine the
external landscape and identify and prioritize the opportunities and threats (Hashemi et al.,
2017).
Key External Factors -
Opportunities
Rating
Weight Score
O1 - Adapting new digital
technologies
2
60 %
O2 - Entering new and less
explored markets
4
60 %
O3 – Upgrading automobile
designs and business
processes
3
30 %
Key External Factors -
Threats
T1 - Tough competition from
well-known players
4
80 %
T2 - Rise in the cost of raw
materials
2
30 %
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T3 - Need to adhere to
changing and new regulations
and laws across the globe
1
10 %
Total
275 %
The EFE matrix sheds light on some of the key opportunities and threats that arise before
Ford in the competitive and dynamic automobile industry. In the sifting business landscape,
there exists an opportunity for the company to adapt to new technologies in order to
improve its existing models or processes. Further it can also expand into new or unexplored
regions to target audience at a wider level. Some of the chief threats that the business
encounters include intense competition from players such as GE and Tesla. Apart from
competition, it faces challenges owing to the need to adhere to stringent regulations in the
global automobile industry and high costs associated with inventory to meet the evolving
customer demands relating to automobiles.
Conclusion
An in-depth analysis of the external environment of the Ford company has been carried out.
Some of the key tools that have been used to capture the key variables in the industry are
SWOT analysis, Porter’s Five Force Model and the EFE Matrix. Some of the key
competitors that increase the challenges for Ford are Tesla, General Motors and the Shyft
Group. In spite of facing high challenges in the automobile domain, Ford has succeeded to
sustain in the market setting owing to its profitable performance, high quality market
offerings and focus on innovative products. d d d
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References
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International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management
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Enkhbayar, A. (2018). Ford Motor Company's Financial Analysis.
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Nagy, J., & Jámbor, Z. (2018). Competitiveness in global trade: The case of the automobile
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