4-1 Monuments as Cultural Works
(Out of the Mountain of Despair, A Stone of Hope)
Martin Luther King Jr’s memorial named Out of the Mountain of Despair, A Stone of Hope, was
built in 2011 in West Potomac Park at 1964 Independence Avenue, S.W., referencing the year
the Civil Rights Act Of 1964 became law. Martin Luther King Jr was a prominent leader in the
modern civil rights movement (1954-1964) in which black demonstrations swept the country
seeking constitutional equality as well as to put an end to Massive Resistance (state and local
government-supported opposition to school desegregation) The success of this movement
inspired other minorities to employ similar tactics. During this time, the King was arrested 29
times. (The Modern Civil Rights Movement, 1954-1964 - Civil Rights (U.S. National Park
