ENG 123 3 - Lecture notes week 3
Perusing: Assessing References Scholarly, Non-Scholarly, and Academic Trade Source Types
Academic sources are books, magazines, and reference resources with a specific emphasis
that are written to assist and enhance scholarly study as opposed to being of broad interest.
Commonly, peer-reviewed Peer-reviewing ensures that the contributions make sense; papers
are given by specialists, examined by other specialists, and then edited by the original
specialist. Academic/Scholarly Sources University presses or academic publications Non-fiction
(facts and research) List an author's qualifications (PhD, MD, EdS), have footnotes and/or
citations Fresh research or new thoughts concerning previously published material Not
Academic/Trade Focus on author experience rather than qualifications whether the work is
fiction or nonfiction. Few or no footnotes or citations; summarizes research but offers no original
insights. ○ may or may not come from scientific publications or institutional publishers.
Primary, secondary, and tertiary sources The work itself or anything that is as similar to the
piece you are studying as feasible, such as historical documents, artwork, or scientific
experiments Secondary sources, such as articles, can summarize, assess, or otherwise provide
information on original sources. Tertiary sources include encyclopedias and text books; they
provide a collection of research or an overview of the research that is currently being conducted
in a particular topic. Publications aren't always up to date, but they typically contain a wealth of
information. Self-published books should be avoided. Monograph: Constantly addresses the
same subject, generally by a single author Anthologies and collections: several facets of a
subject, numerous writers.
Periodicals include newspapers, magazines, and journals that are published on a regular basis
and in a series. More current information than books Reference materials include dictionaries,
encyclopedias, atlases, collections of biographies and family histories, but not the most recent
research. Audiovisual sources must be current and particular. News sources might be useful if
they are reliable. ○ Advice on determining a website's credibility The trustworthiness of a
website may be inferred from its appearance and functionality. Avoid websites with broken links,
pop-up advertising, blank web pages, and linguistic problems. Look for a reliable domain/url and
the date it was last modified. Names with the highest level of trust are.gov,.edu,.org,.com, etc.
The CRAAP Test for Evaluating Credibility When Writing Your Paper Currency: Is it up-to-date or
timely? Relevance: Does it assist in addressing the issues your topic brings up? What
credentials does the author have? Accuracy: Does the information have supporting data? Has it
been peer-reviewed? What is its objective or biased purpose? Reality or opinion? compelling or
instructive? Research Notes, Reading Entry for Annotation: Combining a concise description, a
credibility assessment, and a critique of the relevance of a certain source to your research issue
Briefly summarize the author's key points/claims and any other pertinent information, and then
assess the information's relevance, quality, and reliability. The source is making the following
claim and providing proof to back it up: Verify the publication is academic, and do the CRAAP
test. The source is either doing an excellent or terrible job of defending its claims because.
Before you start annotating, determine its importance; nonetheless, it appears last in the entry.
"My challenge thesis is ." The authority will verify my claim since __ and my other sources
because ___, respectively. Annotating Your Sources in Submission Three sources (or more) are
required, at least one of which must offer a refutation, and all must pass the Reliability Test.
