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CJ 210 Project Template
Grant Proposal Statement of Need
Taylor Heger
CJ 210: The U.S. Correctional System
Shane Smith
02/19/2023
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Ideological Influence on Professional Practice
Goals and Programs
There are five primary goals of sentencing, which include incapacitation, retribution,
rehabilitation, deterrence, and restitution. First is incapacitation, which is the “isolating of
offenders to protect society” (Siegel, 2017, p. 21). There is also selective incapacitation, which is
defined as “identifying high-rate offenders and providing for their long-term incarceration”
(Siegel, 2017, p. 22). The purpose of incapacitation is based upon the belief that criminals are
unable to commit criminal acts if they are in prison. The next goal of sentencing is retribution.
Retribution, or just deserts, is the belief that “punishment is justified if and only if it is deserved
because of a past crime” (Siegel, 2017, p. 23). Third, is rehabilitation, meaning, “changing an
offender’s character, attitudes, or behavior pattern so as to diminish his or her criminal
propensities” (Siegel, 2017, p. 22). Rehabilitation is grounded on the concept that criminals can
be transformed through treatment and education. Fourth, is deterrence. There is general
deterrence and specific deterrence. General deterrence is intended to inhibit others from
perpetrating related crimes. Specific deterrence is “the idea that an individual offender will
decide against repeating an offense after experiencing the painfulness of punishment for that
offense” (Siegel, 2017, p. 20). Lastly, is restitution, meaning that a culpable offender is required
to reimburse their victims for their damage, “the justice system for costs related to processing
