Question 1
2 / 2 pts
Powers granted to both the federal and state governments are known as what?
Conditional powers
Concentric powers
Concurrent powers
Conflicting powers
Concurrent powers are given to both the federal and state governments at the same
time, such as the ability to regulate the privacy of PHI.
Question 2
2 / 2 pts
A vendor provided all advanced practice registered nurses with free mobile devices to
stimulate referrals. Which regulation is being violated?
The Anti-Kickback Statute
The Stimulus Act
The HITECH Act
HIPAA
The Anti-Kickback Statute makes it a criminal offense to knowingly and willfully offer,
pay, solicit, or receive any remuneration to induce or reward referrals of items or
services reimbursable by a federal healthcare program. Where remuneration is paid
purposefully to induce or reward referrals of items or services payable by a federal
healthcare program, the Anti-Kickback Statute is violated.
Question 3
2 / 2 pts
Which of the following is true regarding administrative enforcement?
There is an additional route of appeal if a decision is issued in an administrative
proceeding as opposed to a federal court proceeding.
There are fewer routes of appeal if a decision is issued in an administrative proceeding
as opposed to a federal court proceeding.
Administrative settlement agreements include the finding of liability against an entity.
An administrative proceeding is more formal than a court proceeding.
Administrative proceedings and court proceedings are functionally equivalent. The
same remedies are available to both the federal court judge and the administrative law
judge. However, the administrative system offers an additional route of appeal
regarding decisions, when compared to the court system.
Question 4
2 / 2 pts
Which is true of guidance documents?
They are official agency publications.
They are identical to regulations and rulemaking.
They are legally binding.
They come from the U.S. Congress.
Guidance documents may resemble rulemaking, but they are non-legally binding
documents produced by agencies, in order to help subjects understand and comply with
specific regulations.
Question 5
2 / 2 pts
Which is true of both HITECH and MACRA?
HITECH offers incentives to both physicians and hospitals while MACRA is focused on
physicians.
HITECH and MACRA both are focused on easing the cost of healthcare for end patients.
MACRA focuses on hospital payments while HITECH focused on physicians.
MACRA and HITECH both focus on payment schemes for small, community-based
healthcare organizations over larger city and regional hospitals.
HITECH offered incentives to both individual physicians and to hospitals directly.
MACRA focuses more singularly on physicians, although the hospitals that employ
them may bear indirect costs.
I Question 6
0 / 2 pts
The HITECH portion of ARRA was meant to do all of the following EXCEPT:
encourage health providers to adopt EHR.
coordinate healthcare delivery standards with international healthcare bodies.
achieve meaningful use of EHRs.
support the exchange of health information.
HITECH was focused on EHRs and supporting the exchange of health and healthcare
information. It was not related to international healthcare delivery of care
standardizations.
I Question 7
0 / 2 pts
The Health IT Standards Committee and what body are responsible for recommending
standards, such as the necessary infrastructure for health information exchanges?
HITRC
The Nationwide Health Information Network
ONC
CMS
The Health IT Standards Committee works in conjunction with the Office of the National
Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC) to devise and develop standards
for the healthcare industry.
Question 8
2 / 2 pts
The technical hurdle of successfully sharing a patient’s data between a hospital in
Spokane, Washington, and a specialist in Portland, Oregon, requires:
interoperability, which requires standards to be in place.
standards, which requires interoperability to be in place.
vocabulary management, which is dependent upon reciprocity.
policy, which requires stability.
To share information and data successfully, different healthcare systems need
interoperability. For interoperability to occur, there must be a framework of standards in
place.
Question 9
2 / 2 pts
It is important to monitor and track unintended consequences of health IT
implementation because:
reporting is mandatory.
not much is known and we need to learn more.
the federal government is interested in this information.
this is a prevalent issue.
Research in this area is just beginning, but even without knowing all the details,
monitoring and tracking of the unplanned or unexpected consequences are important,
so we can learn more about the issues to inform the future.
Question 10
2 / 2 pts
The Center to Champion Nursing in America envisions a healthcare system where:
best practices need to be developed.
quality care is increasing in targeted areas.
nurses are discernibly expanding and strengthening their capabilities.
all Americans have access to high-quality care.
The Center to Champion Nursing in America envisions a healthcare system where all
Americans have access to high-quality care, with nurses contributing to the full extent
of their capabilities.
Question 11
2 / 2 pts
What is the office of the Department of Health and Human Services that is charged with
overseeing nationwide efforts to implement and use health IT and electronic exchange
of health information?
MARCA
The Institute of Medicine (IOM)
The Office of the National Coordinator (ONC)
The American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA)
The ONC is the only governmental agency reporting to the DHHS; its role is to
coordinate implementation of health IT and electronic information exchange.
Question 12
2 / 2 pts
To achieve the goals of the HIMSS nursing informatics position statement, all nurses
should:
have a central role in drafting health IT policy.
run for political office or sit on a healthcare board.
participate in advocacy and educational efforts directed to policy-makers.
develop innovative and disruptive technologies.
The HIMSS Nursing Informatics Position Statement states that nurses, as leaders,
should be knowledgeable and well versed in current public policy initiatives and
participate in advocacy and educational efforts directed to policy-makers.
Question 13
2 / 2 pts
What is the first factor in deciding on an optimal health IT governance for an institution?
The EHR system in use
The organizational culture
The size of the IT budget
Whether the organization is a for-profit or non-profit entity
Of the listed factors, an organization’s culture is the most important factor that needs to
be considered.
Question 14
2 / 2 pts
Why is it difficult to establish effective health IT governance?
Fundamentally, effective governance means that some stakeholders’ informatics needs
will need to be de-prioritized.
There is too much literature available on the topic, making it difficult to choose which
approach to follow.
So few activities within a healthcare organization involve informatics.
No stakeholder wants to have a say in how informatics resources are leveraged.
The fundamental reason for the difficulty of informatics governance is that there is
more effort desired from informatics than resources allow.
Question 15
2 / 2 pts
The Informatics Capability Maturity Model:
has been overtaken by a newer generation of assessment tools.
was developed by a partnership of the CDC and National Institutes of Health.
is a qualitative model that measures an organization’s capabilities along five
dimensions.
is intended to be administered by an outside, and thus neutral, agency.
The Informatics Capability Maturity Model, developed by the UK’s National Health
Service, measures an organization’s capabilities along five dimensions, rating them
from 1 to 5, and can be self-administered by an organization.
Question 16
2 / 2 pts
The practice workflow and information management redesign specialist role requires
what kind of education and training?
Community-college based
Ph.D.-level focus
University-based
In-service training and certification
A practice workflow and information management redesign specialist assists in
reorganizing the work of a healthcare provider to take full advantage of meeting the
Meaningful Use criteria. This role requires university-based education and training.
Question 17
2 / 2 pts
Cognitive psychology claims that learning involves memory, motivation, thinking,
reflection, and abstraction. Which question is instrumental in teaching critical thinking?
What?
How?
Why?
Who?
“Knowing how” involves memory, motivation, thinking, reflection, and abstraction. These
skills are useful in teaching critical thinking. “Knowing what” represents behaviorism,
and “knowing why” represents constructivism. “Knowing who” is not part of the learning
theories discussed.
Question 18
2 / 2 pts
Advocating for users’ needs and acting as a liaison among the users, the IT staff, and
the vendor are competencies for a(n):
generalist.
data scientist.
consultant.
implementation support specialist.
Learning how to advocate for users’ needs and act as a liaison among the users, the IT
staff, and the vendor are specialist traits, not generalist; they are competencies for
consultants whose role is to analyze and recommend solutions for HIT implementation
problems.
Question 19
2 / 2 pts
The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act has
influenced healthcare delivery because it is:
a training program for informatics specialists.
an organization that develops informatics competencies.
an academic electronic health records software.
federal legislation that promotes the use of electronic health records.
HITECH has influenced healthcare delivery because it is federal legislation that
promotes the use of electronic health records. HITECH has not specifically addressed
informatics training or education.
I Question 20
0 / 2 pts
The Quality and Safety Education in Nursing (QSEN) project developed competencies
based on work completed by:
HRSA.
TIGER.
IOM.
AMIA 10x10.
The QSEN project developed competencies based on work completed by the Institute of
Medicine (IOM). HRSA, TIGER, and AMIA 10x10 may address informatics competencies,
but they did not provide the foundation for the QSEN project.
Question 21
2 / 2 pts
Evaluating data from all relevant sources, including technology, to inform the delivery of
care is a competency for a(n):
generalist.
advanced practice nurse.
specialist.
implementation project manager.
Evaluating data from all relevant sources, including technology, to inform the delivery of
care is a fundamental building-block competency for a generalist. The generalist
receives undergraduate training for this role.
Question 22
2 / 2 pts
Distributive education is:
education that takes place in different settings and at different times.
the use of electronic devices to deliver the instruction and by which the learners acquire
their knowledge.
customized, learner-centered education that uses technology to provide learner
experiences where the learner is engaged in the learning activities that may or may not
be at a distance.
a version of distance education that requires the use of the internet or an intranet to
deliver the educational materials.
Distributive education is customized, learner-centered education that uses technology
to provide learner experiences where the learner is engaged in the learning activities
that may or may not be at a distance. The definition incorporates the main components
of technology, engagement, customization, interaction, and individualization. The
remaining choices are not complete enough or describe other terms like distance
education, elearning, or online learning.
Question 23
2 / 2 pts
For a successful distributive education program, the institution:
must always offer students the option for distributed learning even if there is no faculty
buy-in.
should move forward with an initiative to offer distributive learning in order to stay
competitive even when resources may not be in place.
must match the goals and objectives for a distributive education initiative to the
mission and goals of the institution.
should offer distributive education as a way of making money and lowering operating
costs.
Without matching goals and objectives of distributive education to the mission and
goals of the institution, resources will not line up correctly, which is a recipe for failure.
A successful program requires commitment from faculty and appropriate institutional
resources and will cost money; it may or may not make money for the institution.
Question 24
2 / 2 pts
Two examples of campus portal systems are:
Moodle and Blackboard.
Ellucian and Jenzabar.
Desire2Learn and Blackboard.
Sakai and Ellucian.
Ellucian and Jenzabar are portal systems. Blackboard and Desire2Learn are CMS, and
Moodle and Sakai are open source examples.
Question 25
2 / 2 pts
What is the main difference between a portal approach and a proprietary course
management system (CMS) approach in distance education?
Portal-based systems can only be accessed by faculty of an institution, and proprietary
CMS systems can be accessed by students and faculty.
Portal-based systems can be accessed by students and faculty of an institution, and
proprietary CMS systems can only be accessed by faculty.
Portal-based systems are products purchased or licensed by a vendor, and proprietary
CMS systems are developed and customized by the learning institution.
Portal-based systems are developed and customized by the learning institution, and
proprietary CMS systems are products purchased or licensed by a vendor.
Portal-based systems are developed and customized by the learning institution, and
proprietary CMS systems are products purchased or licensed by a vendor. Both
systems allow access to students and faculty alike.
Question 26
2 / 2 pts
Which two instrumental movements pushed correspondence courses forward?
The Society to Encourage Studies at Home and Chautauqua College of Liberal Arts
The invention of the television and cable services
The development of web 2.0 tools and the internet
Fiber-optic cables and 2-way video communications
Phase one of distributive education historical developments was pushed forward by the
establishment of the Society to Encourage Studies at Home and the Chautauqua
College of Liberal Arts. The invention of the television and cable services, the
development of web 2.0 tools and the internet, fiber-optic cables, and 2-way video
communications relate to other events that further promoted distance education.
Question 27
2 / 2 pts
An example of a learning management system is:
Blackboard.
Merlot.
Soarian.
Smartboard.
Blackboard is one of the largest proprietary learning management systems in the world.
Merlot is a collection of resources for faculty working in online learning. Soarian is an
electronic health record application for acute care institutions. Smartboard is a white
board with features such as a touch interface.
Question 28
2 / 2 pts
Which generic term describes the technology that replaced the traditional chalkboard in
classrooms?
Interactive whiteboard
Smart chalkboard
Advanced chalk management
The board
An interactive whiteboard is the generic term that describes the technology that
replaced the traditional chalkboard in classrooms. The other answers (smart
chalkboard, advanced chalk management, and the board) either do not fully describe
the technology or are incorrect.
Question 29
2 / 2 pts
Which organization created the first set of published standards to guide simulation
experiences?
International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning
Society for Simulation in Healthcare
National League for Nursing
American Association for Colleges of Nursing
The Standards of Best Practice: Simulation was created by the International Nursing
Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning (INACSL) in response to a growing
need for standardization and guidelines related to simulation educational
methodologies.
Question 30
2 / 2 pts
As a simulation facilitator, you develop a confidentiality form that all learners must sign
prior to simulation experiences. Which standard does this represent?
Standard I: Terminology
Standard II: Professional Integrity of the Participants
Standard VI: The Debriefing Process
Standard VII: Evaluation of Expected Outcomes
Asking all learners to sign a confidentiality form prior to simulation experiences ensures
that all learners will receive the same opportunity for learning. This confidentiality form
states that the learners will not share the details of the simulation experience with any
other students and ensures the professional integrity of the participant.
I Question 31
0 / 2 pts
Which simulator model is most appropriate for learning to obtain an arterial blood gas?
Standardized patient
Computer-controlled mannequin
Arm model from elbow to fingers
Computer model
Asking a learner to obtain an arterial blood gas is an example of a psychomotor skill.
This skill can be practiced on an arm model. The arm model is the most realistic model
to be used without placing the patient in any dangerous situation, such as the use of the
standardized patient.
Question 32
2 / 2 pts
The evaluation data collected after a simulation experience related to care of the heart
failure patient demonstrated a decrease in hospital admissions related to heart failure
exacerbations. This type of evidence supports training outcomes in which level of
Kirkpatrick’s Model?
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
This type of training impact demonstrates the result—the organizational impact
(improved patient outcomes) related to a training experience. This is an example of a
Kirkpatrick level 4 training outcome.
Question 33
2 / 2 pts
Which international organization organizes an international conference on nursing
informatics?
International Council of Nurses (ICN)
International Medical Informatics Association – Nursing Informatics SIG (IMIA-NI)
Nursing Working Group of HL7
International Standard Organization (ISO)
The International Medical Informatics Association – Nursing Informatics SIG (IMIA-NI)
organizes an international conference on nursing informatics. The ICN, HL7, and ISO do
not organize an international conference on nursing informatics.
Question 34
2 / 2 pts
The eHealth network is a voluntary network of representatives from where?
State medical societies within the United States
Latin America and the Caribbean
Europe
Africa, the Americas, Europe, Asia, and Australia
The eHealth network is made of up EU member states, with representatives meeting
annually to discuss how to enhance interoperability between eHealth systems and
ensure access to safe and high-quality healthcare.
I Question 35
0 / 2 pts
Which international organization develops and maintains standards for data exchange?
World Health Organization (WHO)
Health Level 7 (HL7)
International Health Terminology Standards Development Organization (IHTSDO)
International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA)
Health Level 7 is an international organization that develops and maintains standards
for data exchange. The WHO, IHTSDO, and IMIA do not develop and maintain standards
for data exchange.
Question 36
2 / 2 pts
The historical roots of computer science can be traced to:
language development, especially English.
mathematics and engineering.
library science.
medicine and nursing.
The historical roots of computer science can be traced back to mathematics and
engineering. The historical roots of information science began in library science.
Language development and medicine and nursing are not the roots of computer
science.
Question 37
2 / 2 pts
Which statement concerning educational programs in health informatics is correct?
All health informatics programs are offered at the graduate level.
Informatics programs offered by medical schools always require students to have
earned an MD for admission.
All health informatics programs are located within health-related departments or
schools such as nursing, medicine, or pharmacy.
Health informatics programs range from certificate programs offered at the community
college level to post-doctoral programs offered at major research institutions.
The correct response is health informatics programs range from certificate programs
offered at the community college level to post-doctoral programs offered at major
research institutions. Not all informatics programs require an MD, are at the graduate
level, or are located within schools of health sciences.
Question 38
2 / 2 pts
The first book to include the term nursing informatics in the title was written in the:
1960s.
1970s.
1980s.
1990s.
The first book to include the term nursing informatics in the title was published in 1988.
Question 39
2 / 2 pts
What was the first professional association to express interest in accreditation for
health informatics–related educational programs?
AMIA
AHIMA
ANCC
HIMSS
The American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) first expressed
interest in accreditation, in 2003.
Question 40
2 / 2 pts
Which technical development created a tension between centralized and decentralized
computer management in healthcare?
The development of punch cards
The elimination of punch cards
The development of the mainframe computer
The development of the personal computer
The development of the personal computer created tension between centralized and
decentralized computer management in healthcare. The other responses highlight
aspects of decentralized computer management.
Question 41
2 / 2 pts
An agency has just implemented electronic medication administration records
(eMARs). This would be an example of what level of change?
First-level change
Second-level change
Third-level change
No change
The implementation of eMARs is an example of a first-level change. Previously,
medications were documented using a paper system, not an electronic system.
Question 42
2 / 2 pts
What is the primary goal of nanomedicine?
The advancement of man through the modification of the human body with
nanotechnology
Development of nanomaterials used in electronics, structural materials, and commercial
products
Creation of materials, devices, and other structures at the nanoscale
The use of nanotechnology for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease
The primary purpose of nanomedicine is the use of nanotechnology for the prevention,
diagnosis, and treatment of disease. The advancement of man through the modification
of the human body with nanotechnology; development of nanomaterials used in
electronics, structural materials, and commercial products; and creation of materials,
devices, and other structures at the nanoscale are not primary purposes of
nanomedicine.
Question 43
2 / 2 pts
Which two events led to the expansion of the field of nanotechnology?
A lecture titled “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom” and development of carbon
nanotubes
Creation of the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies and use of quantum dots
Development of the subdisciplines of nanofabrication and nanomedicine
Invention of the scanning tunneling microscope and the discovery of fullerenes
The invention of the scanning tunneling microscope and the discovery of fullerenes
were the two events that led to the expansion of the field of nanotechnology.
Question 44
2 / 2 pts
Which term is analogous to futures research?
Futuristics
Futurology
Foresightology
Rationalistics
Futures research, or futurology, refers to the study of the future with the goal of
identifying possible, probable, and preferable futures. The remaining terms do not exist.
I Question 45
0 / 2 pts
A hospital has just implemented barcoded medication administration (BCMA). This
would be an example of what level of change?
First-level change
Second-level change
Third-level change
No change
Implementing BCMA would be a second-level change. The implementation of BCMA
has not only changed how medications are documented, but it has actually changed the
process of medication administration.
Question 46
Not yet graded / 10 pts
Describe how health informatics can be used to transform interprofessional education
(IPE).
