SLIDE 1
Hello sir, my name is and I am one of the homeland security specialists assigned to brief
you on some of the basics here regarding DHS
Homeland security means to protect, prevent, or minimize the nation from any terror threats or attacks, or
any act that may threaten society. Homeland security will also assist in relief efforts when the “homeland”
is damaged from natural disasters. The mission of Homeland Security is to “secure the nation from the
many threats we face. The duties are wide-ranging, and the goal is clear-keeping America safe.”
SLIDE 2
Mitigation involves deciding what to do where a risk to the health, safety, and welfare of society has been
identified and devising a risk reduction program. It is sustained action to reduce or eliminate risk to
people and property from hazards and their effects
TOOLS TO BE UTILIZED:
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION/MAPPING,
CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT,
LANDSCAPING AND LAND-USE PLANNING,
FINANCIAL INCENTIVES,
INSURANCE,
STRUCTURAL AND MAN-MADE CONTROLS
GO OVER OHIO SPECIFICS
SLIDE 3
Preparedness involves developing a response plan and training first responders to save lives and reduce
disaster damage, identifying critical resources, and developing necessary agreements among responding
agencies, both within the jurisdiction and with other jurisdictions. Preparedness also entails “readying for
expected threats, including contingency planning, resource management, mutual aid … [and] public
information.”132 It is a functional aspect of emergency management that contributes to sound emergency
response and recovery from a disaster.
This phase relies heavily on research, analyzing past disasters and establishing new SOPs to assist in the
management of future disasters.
GO OVER OHIO SPECIFICS
SLIDE 4
Response entails providing emergency aid and assistance, reducing the probability of secondary damage,
and minimizing problems for recovery operations.
In an emergency situation, emergency managers rarely direct actual response operations. There are
exceptions, as when management of a crisis falls to a senior elected official or to the lead emergency
services agency. Disaster response objectives include protecting lives, limiting property loss, and
overcoming the disruptions that disasters cause. The response phase of disaster is often the most dramatic,
visually stunning, and newsworthy phase of the disaster cycle.
GO OVER OHIO SPECIFICS
SLIDE 5
Recovery involves providing the immediate support during the early post-disaster period necessary to
return vital life-support systems to at least minimum operational levels and continuing to provide support
until the community returns to normal.
Recovery is the most expensive phase of the disaster cycle. It involves restoration, rebuilding, and return
to normalcy. The pool of players involved in recovery is huge and far exceeds the number of players
usually involved in disaster response. Late stages of disaster recovery may involve only small numbers of
emergency managers but vast numbers of officials working in functional, financial, and regulatory
agencies. Decisions regarding disaster recovery are fundamentally made at the local level of government
GO OVER OHIO SPECIFICS
SLIDE 6
DIRECTIVES-
Homeland Security Presidential Directives
Homeland Security Presidential Directives (HSPDs) are issued by the President on matters pertaining to
Homeland Security. Three directives directly affect EPA's role in the national emergency response system.
HSPD-5 Management of Domestic Incidents establishes a single, comprehensive national incident
management system (NIMS) and the National Response Framework (NRF). EPA must support and adopt
both.
HSPD-7 Critical Infrastructure Identification, Prioritization, and Protection requires Federal agencies to
coordinate the protection of critical infrastructure and key resources. EPA is specifically responsible for
drinking water and water treatment systems.
HSPD-8 National Preparedness directs the federal government agencies departments to be prepared to
respond to nationally significant terrorist incidents anywhere in the United States. EPA is identified as an
agency that provides assistance.
Additional directives:
HSPD-9 Defense of United States Agriculture and Food (5 pp, 136 K, About PDF) establishes a national
policy to defend the agriculture and food system against terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other
emergencies. EPA is required to develop and enhance intelligence operations and analysis capabilities
focusing on agriculture, food, and water sectors. As well as coordinate surveillance and monitoring
systems for water quality and new countermeasures for detecting agents in the water supply. EPA, with
other agencies, is required to develop a nationwide laboratory network for food, veterinary, plant health
and water quality integrating existing federal and state resources.
HSPD-10 Biodefense for the 21st Century (Fact Sheet)EXIT (3 pp, 133 K, About PDF) tasks EPA, in
coordination with other federal agencies, with developing specific standards, protocols, and capabilities to
address the risks of contamination following a biological weapons attack. Including developing strategies,
guidelines, and plans for decontamination of persons, equipment, and facilities.
HSPD-12 Policy for a Common Identification Standard for Federal Employees and Contractors (3 pp, 131
K, About PDF) assigned responsibility for setting standards for the identification to be shown by persons
entering federal government buildings. EPA has adopted these standards.
HSPD-14 Domestic Nuclear Detection established a Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO) to
coordinate efforts to protect the domestic U.S. against dangers from nuclear or radiological
materials. EPA supports the detection, response, law enforcement, and information sharing aspects of the
DNDO's mission.
HSPD-20 National Continuity Policy (7 pp, 144 K, About PDF) establishes a comprehensive national
policy on the continuity of Federal Government structures and operations after a catastrophic
emergency. EPA is required to execute its Continuity of Operations plan in the event of a national
emergency. EPA plans and conducts routine internal, testing, training and exercises.
HSPD-23 Cyber Security Initiative requires federal agencies to monitor cyber activity towards federal
agencies’ computer systems and where necessary, provide action to eliminate sources of hostile action.
EPA has a robust security program for both personnel and cyber security as mandate by the directive.
SLIDE 7
INNER WORKINGS BETWEEN AGENCIES, ORGANIZATION OR CHAIN OF COMMAND
SLIDE 8
PATRIOT ACT: Enacted into law after the 9/11 attacks significantly changed public policy and
expanded collaboration between the federal, state, and local governments and the
U.S. military. This removed a long-established barrier that prevented law
enforcement, intelligence, and defense agencies from exchanging information
and cooperating in investigations. established new rules of collaboration between
police and military that permitted the exchange of military tactics, organization,
and hardware to support state and local law enforcement investigations and
operations. And provided for the rapid updating of cybertechnology
countermeasures to fight a more advanced digital-age battle with terrorists.
FREEDOM ACT: Enacted in 2015, this law replaced the Patriot Act of 2001. The USA
Freedom Act called for an end to the bulk collection of phone records by the
National Security Agency (NSA) and the restoration and protection of people’s
rights by establishing a streamlined and transparent process for gaining access to
Americans’ phone records by means of a specific “selector,” such as customer
names, or numbers.
2021 IMMIGRATION ACT: to ensure a secure, humane, well-managed border, improving the
expedited removal process, facilitate secure management of borders in
the region, strengthen anti-smuggling and anti-trafficking ops, bolstering
public messaging on migration,establish dedicated asylum docket,
improve the efficiency of the u.s. asylum system, maximize legal reps,
reduce backlogs in migration court, strengthen management w/ regional
partners, expand international protection, establish migration resource
centers, expand refugee processing, expand temp work visas, and visa
backlogs. Address the root causes of immigration,
Stafford Act: All requests for a declaration by the President that a major disaster exists
shall be made by the governor of the affected state. The governor's
request is made through the applicable FEMA Regional Office. State and
federal officials conduct a joint federal, state, and local Preliminary
Damage Assessment (PDA) to determine the extent of the disaster and its
impact on individuals and public facilities. Going over severity and
magnitude of the disaster. When state resources are overwhelmed. Major
declarations emergency declarations Emergency Declarations
supplement State and local efforts in providing emergency services, such
as the protection of lives, property, public health, and safety, or to lessen
or avert the threat of a catastrophe in any part of the United States when
deemed necessary by the president
SLIDE 9
NRF: A comprehensive all-hazards approach and master plan intended to strengthen and improve the
ability of the United States to manage domestic incidents. In 2008, the federal government
officially replaced the National Response Plan (NRP), with changes, as the NRF. The NRF
provides a template for federal, state, and local governmental cooperation and coordination in
disaster response.
The NRF incorporates a focus on whole community and core capabilities.
NIMS: The elaborate tactical arm of the National Response Framework (NRF), designed to help federal,
state, and local governments address domestic incidents, whether acts of terrorism or disasters
stemming from natural or other human causes. All federal agencies were required to adopt NIMS,
and state and local governments were required to use it as a condition of federal assistance. The
NIMS incorporated many existing emergency management “best practices” into a comprehensive
national approach to domestic incident management, applicable at all jurisdictional levels and
across all responders’ occupational fields. Its purpose was to help responders at all jurisdictional
levels and across all disciplines to work together more effectively and efficiently.
It seeks a consistent, nationwide template for incident management.
ICS: A standardized on-scene, all-hazards incident management system required by the U.S.
Department of Homeland Security (DHS). It had been used by many firefighters, hazardous
materials teams, rescuers, and emergency medical teams before its adoption as a key component
of the National Incident Management System (NIMS) under Homeland Security Presidential
Directive (HSPD-5) in 2005. It is a management system designed to integrate resources so as to
effectively attack a common problem.
BIBLICAL PERSPECTIVE
The Bible continuously tells its reader to be prepared for the coming of Jesus. To be watchful, mindful
that the Lord will return to judge you for your actions. This can also be interpreted to always be prepared
for the unexpected, put up precautions, be prepared. Another area they speak of preparedness is the story
of Noah. In this story Noah knows not of what exactly is to come except for a great flood. Noah then
prepares an Ark to transport himself and his family safely through this disaster. The story shouts at the
reader to be prepared in case of emergency again, showing us in the beginning of the old testament that
we as man should be prepared for all things that come our way. Psalms 18:2-6 states, “The Lord is my
rock and my fortress and my deliverer, my God, my rock, in whom I take refuge, my shield, and the horn
of salvation, my stronghold.” This expresses to the reader that no matter the situation God will bring you
through it. The Lord is with you through all your troubles in life, all your disasters. The story of Jesus
raising Lazarus from the dead shows the world the God is capable of all things, so why not trust in the
Lord who can do all things. If He can lift a man from his very own deathbed, how can we not see that he
will too lift us out of any valley that we may find ourselves in. He is with us through all crises no matter
the size of the giant.
References
Ema: Mitigation. Ohio Emergency Management Agency. (n.d.). Retrieved October 16, 2021, from
https://www.ema.ohio.gov/mip/planning.aspx.
Environmental Protection Agency. (n.d.). Homeland Security Presidential Directives. EPA. Retrieved October 16,
2021, from https://www.epa.gov/emergency-response/homeland-security-presidential-directives.
ODPS Ohio Emergency Management Agency Disaster Recovery Branch. Ohio.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved October 16,
2021, from https://ema.ohio.gov/RecoveryBranch.aspx.
ODPS Ohio Emergency Management Agency Planning, training & exercise branch. Ohio.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved
October 16, 2021, from https://ema.ohio.gov/PlansBranch.aspx.
ODPS Ohio Emergency Management Agency State Emergency Operations Center. Ohio.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved
October 16, 2021, from https://ema.ohio.gov/StateEOCMainPage.aspx.
The United States Government. (2021, October 15). Fact sheet: Biden administration roadmap to build an economy
resilient to climate change impacts. The White House. Retrieved October 16, 2021, from
https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/10/15/fact-sheet-biden-administration-
roadmap-to-build-an-economy-resilient-to-climate-change-impacts/.
Sylves, R. T. (2019). Disaster Policy and Politics (3rd Edition). SAGE Publications, Inc.
(US). https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/books/9781506368702
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