Chapter 23 Quiz
1. John Stuart Mill argued in favor of
a. The active participation of all citizens in political life
2. Ludwig Feuerbach argued in the The Essence of Christianity that
a. The starting point of philosophy ought to be human beings and the material
world
3. The principle of electromagnetic induction was discovered by
a. Michael Faraday
4. Thomas Hill Green differed from earlier liberals in that he
a. Advocated social reform initiated by the state
5. In the late nineteenth century, Darwin’s ideas were applied to society in order to
a. Buttress economic individualism and justify the superiority of successful business
leaders
6. Herbert Spencer and other critics of the new liberalism argued that
a. State intervention of any kind should be rejected
7. According to Marx, capitalism would eventually cease to exist only after
a. Society became polarized into a small group of wealthy capitalists and a vast and
desperate proletariat
8. Darwinism contributed to the growth of secularism be
a. Calling into question the reliability of the Bible as an authority in scientific
questions
9. The work of Elizabeth Gaskell in exposing the plight of the industrial workers is
associated with
a. Realism
10. In the opinion of John Stuart Mill, free speech
a. Was necessary for the well-being of both the individual and society
11. According to Marx, class conflict is really conflict over
a. Ownership of the means of production
12. The nineteenth-century feminist movement has its roots in
a. Liberalism
13. In The Subjection of Women (1869), John Stuart Mill argued that
a. Male dominance of women constituted a blatant abuse of power
14. The positivists believe that
a. General rules for human society can be derived from the examination of
empirical data
15. Pierre Joseph Proudhon saw pre-industrial society as
a. A time when workers were free from the exploitation of capitalists
16. Marxism and liberalism shared the belief that
a. Individuals should be freed from the prejudices and ignorance of the past
17. In the nineteenth century, the Catholic church
a. Felt threatened by the forces of modernity
18. Auguste Comet is seen as the prinicipal founder of
a. Sociology
19. Naturalist writer Emile Zola believed that a novelist should approach the task of writing
like
a. A scientist conduction an experiment
20. Critics of Marx note that economic explanations of history fall flat in trying to account for
the emergence of
a. Modern nationalism
b. Contemporary terrorism
c. Modern imperialism
d. All of the above
Chapter 24 Quiz
1. In the nineteenth century, most European Jews were
a. Poor
2. Volkish thinkers believed that the pure German spirit had been corrupted by
a. The Enlightenment
3. The policies of Cavour succeeded in unifying Italy partly because he
a. Established the leadership of his own state in the north and benefitted from
Garibaldi’s conquest in the south
4. By the beginning of the twentieth century, the staunchest advocates of nationalism were
a. Conservatives
5. In 1815, Italy
a. Had deep economic and cultural divisions
6. Zionism was founded by
a. Theodor Herzl
7. The led revolutionary insurrections in Italy in the 1820s and 1830s
a. Carbonari
8. Giuseppe Garibaldi supported all the following EXCEPT
a. Racial equality
b. The need for a separate southern Italian state
c. Female emancipation
d. The abolition of capital punishment
9. The Junkers
a. Prussian aristocrats who supported the Prussian throne
10. Those most committed to the unification of Italy included the
a. Italian middle classes, which saw unity as good for trade and commerce
11. As a result of the creation of the Dual Monarchy in the Hapsburg Empire in 1867
a. Most ethnic minorities felt that the domination of the Germans and Magyars
blocked their own national aspirations
12. Prussia’s victory over Austria
a. Separated German nationalism from German liberalism
13. At the conclusion of the revolution of 1848-1849, the Habsburg monarch
a. Used an expanded secret police to stifle liberal and nationalist expressions
14. The Franco-Prussian War resulted from
a. A readiness in France and in Prussia to fight over the future of the South German
states
15. Otto von Bismarck came to power as a result of a
a. Conflict between the crown and the lower chamber of the Prussian parliament
16. The Zollverein provided the foundation for German unification
a. Economic
17. Young Italy was founded by
a. Giuseppe Mazzini
18. In the early nineteenth century, Prussian bureaucrats introduced reforms in order to
a. Strengthen the state
19. The Prussian liberals abandoned the cause of liberal revolution in 1866 as the result of
all the following EXCEPT
a. The promise of responsible parliamentary government
b. The prospect of increased power
c. A fascination with territorial expansion
d. An adoration for Prussian militarism
20. Volkish thinkers thought of race as
a. A combination of physical features and moral and intellectual qualities
