lOMoARcPSD|255728 27
CHAPTER 11
Your Results for
"Chapter Practice
Test"
Print this page
The Print feature requires scripting to function. Your browser either does not
support scripting or you have turned scripting off. To print this page, first
highlight the text, then select Print from the File menu.
Student Gina Moore
Name:
Student moore.g.01945@student.rccc.edu
Email:
Summary of Results
27% Correct of 22 questions:
6 correct: 27%
16 incorrect: 73%
More information about scoring
Marieb/Hoehn, Human Anatomy
Site Title: & Physiology, 10e - Study Area
Human Anatomy and Physiology
Book's Title:
Marieb/Hoehn
Book's
Author:
Chapter 11: Fundamentals of the
Location on Nervous System and Nervous
Site: Tissue > Chapter Practice Test
Date/Time November 9, 2018 at 3:24 AM
Submitted: (UTC/GMT)
Which of the following best describes the nervous system function of integration?
1.
The nervous system causes a response by activating effector
Your Answer: organs, such as the muscles and glands.
lOMoARcPSD|255728 27
The nervous system processes and interprets sensory input and
Correct Answer: decides what should be done at each moment.
The nervous system processes and interprets sensory input and decides what
should be done at each moment—a process called integration.
What is the primary difference between the somatic nervous system and the
2. autonomic nervous system?
The autonomic nervous system enables us to control our
Your Answer: involuntary muscles, while the somatic nervous system controls
our glands.
The somatic nervous system allows us to consciously control
Correct Answer: our skeletal muscles, and the autonomic nervous system
controls activity that humans cannot consciously control, such
as the pumping of the heart and the movement of food
through the digestive tract.
The motor division has two main parts. The somatic nervous system allows us to
consciously control our skeletal muscles. The autonomic nervous system regulates
the activity of smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands—those activities that
we generally cannot consciously control.
Which of the following types of glial cells line the central cavities of the brain and
3. spinal cord, where they help to circulate the cerebrospinal fluid?
ependymal cells
Your Answer:
Which of the following types of glial cells are the most abundant and versatile,
4. and aid in making exchanges between capillaries and neurons?
ependymal cells
Your Answer:
lOMoARcPSD|255728 27
astrocytes
Correct Answer:
Astrocytes are the most abundant and most versatile glial cells. Their numerous
radiating processes cling to neurons and their synaptic endings and cover nearby
capillaries, supporting and bracing the neurons and anchoring them to their
nutrient supply lines, the blood capillaries. Astrocytes have a role in making
exchanges between capillaries and neurons, in helping to determine capillary
permeability, in guiding the migration of young neurons, and in forming synapses.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neurons?
5.
Neurons can function optimally for over 100 years.
Your Answer:
Neurons are relatively small, simple-structured cells.
Correct Answer:
Besides their ability to conduct nerve impulses, neurons are typically large,
complex cells that have some other special characteristics:
1 They have extreme longevity. Given good nutrition, neurons can function
optimally for a lifetime (over 100 years).
2 They are amitotic. As neurons assume their roles as communicating links
of the nervous system, they lose their ability to divide. We pay a high
price for this neuron feature because neurons cannot be replaced if
destroyed. There are exceptions to this rule (olfactory epithelium and
some hippocampal regions contain stem cells that can produce new
neurons throughout life).
3 They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate and require continuous
and abundant supplies of oxygen and glucose. Neurons cannot survive for
more than a few minutes without oxygen.
What is the difference between the clusters of cell bodies called nuclei and those
6. known as ganglia?
lOMoARcPSD|255728 27
Nuclei exist in the CNS, ganglia in the PNS.
Your Answer:
Dendrites and axons are both armlike processes that extend from neuron cell
7. bodies.
Your Answer: False
Correct Answer: True
Armlike processes extend from the cell body of all neurons. There are two types
of neuron processes: dendrites and axons.
Which of the following are the main receptive or input regions found in neurons?
8.
dendrites
Your Answer:
Which of the following is NOT a function of the myelin sheath?
9.
to protect nerve fibers
Your Answer:
to recapture and recycle released neurotransmitters
Correct Answer:
Nerve fibers, particularly those that are long or large in diameter, are covered
with a whitish, fatty (protein-lipoid), and segmented myelin sheath. Myelin
protects and electrically insulates fibers, and it increases the speed of
transmission of nerve impulses.
lOMoARcPSD|255728 27
What is the difference between nerves and tracts?
1
0. Tracts are composed of many nerves wrapped into long,
Your Answer: ropelike extensions.
Bundles of neuron processes are called tracts in the CNS and
Correct Answer: nerves in the PNS.
Bundles of neuron processes are called tracts in the CNS and nerves in the PNS.
Which criterion is used to structurally classify neurons?
1
1. whether the neurons are found within the CNS or the PNS
Your Answer:
the number of processes extending from their cell body
Correct Answer:
Neurons are grouped structurally according to the number of processes extending
from their cell body.
Which of the following is NOT a structural classification of neurons?
1
2. unipolar
Your Answer:
sensory
Correct Answer:
Neurons are grouped structurally according to the number of processes extending
from their cell body. Three major neuron groups make up this classification:
multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar.
Which of the following is FALSE regarding motor (efferent) neurons?
1
lOMoARcPSD|255728 27
Impulses from motor (efferent) neurons cause activity in
3. Your Answer: skeletal muscles and glands.
Motor (efferent) neurons are bipolar.
Correct Answer:
Motor, or efferent, neurons carry impulses away from the CNS to the effector
organs (muscles and glands) of the body periphery. Motor neurons are multipolar.
Except for some neurons of the autonomic nervous system, their cell bodies are
located in the CNS.
Which of the following membrane ion channels open and close in response to
1 changes in the membrane potential?
4.
mechanically gated channels
Your Answer:
voltage-gated channels
Correct Answer:
Voltage-gated channels open and close in response to changes in the membrane
potential.
An action potential is a phenomenon that either happens completely or doesn't
1 happen at all.
5.
Your Answer: True
Which of the following diseases is directly related to demyelination?
1
6. multiple sclerosis
Your Answer:
lOMoARcPSD|255728 27
Which of the following is FALSE regarding chemical synapses?
1
7. They transmit nerve impulses directly from one neuron to another.
Your Answer:
Which of the following is NOT a functional classification of neurotransmitters?
1
8. excitatory
Your Answer:
chemical
Correct Answer:
Effects: Some neurotransmitters are excitatory, some are inhibitory, and others
exert both effects, depending upon the specific receptor types with which they
interact. Actions: Neurotransmitters that bind to and open ion channels are said
to act directly. Neurotransmitters that act indirectly tend to promote broader,
longer-lasting effects by acting through intracellular second-messenger molecules.
Which of the following circuit types is exemplified by impulses that travel from a
1 single neuron of the brain, activate one hundred or more motor neurons in the
9. spinal cord, and excite thousands of skeletal muscle fibers?
parallel after-discharge circuit
Your Answer:
diverging circuit
Correct Answer:
In diverging circuits, one incoming fiber triggers responses in ever-increasing
numbers of neurons farther and farther along in the circuit. Therefore, diverging
circuits are often amplifying circuits. Divergence can occur along a single pathway
or along several pathways.
lOMoARcPSD|255728 27
Which type of ion channel opens when a chemical binds to it?
2
0. leakage channel
Your Answer:
chemically gated (ligand-gated) channel
Correct Answer:
Leakage channels are always open. Chemically (ligand-
gated) gated channels open when the appropriate chemical
binds. Voltage-gated channels open and close in response
to changes in the membrane potential. Mechanically gated
channels open in response to physical deformation of the
receptor.
The movement of which ion out of the cell through leakage
channels establishes
2 the negative
membrane potential?
1.
sodium
Your Answer:
potassium
Correct Answer:
K+ loss through abundant leakage channels establishes a
negative membrane potential.
Which part of the action potential occurs when the voltage-
gated Na+ channels
2 are inactivating and voltage-
gated K+ channels open?
2.
depolarization
Your Answer:
repolarization
Correct Answer:
lOMoARcPSD|255728 27
Na+ channels are inactivating and K+ channels open during repolarization. The lack of positive
charges (sodium) entering the cell and the movement of positive charges (potassium) out of
the cell reestablish the negativity on the inside of the membrane.
