Research Paper Bibliography
In today's research paper we are going to be looking at force multipliers. What are force
multipliers? There are things that make terrorist organizations or groups more effective. Force
multipliers can consist of things such as money, explosives, biological weapons, highly trained
individuals, media, and technology, there are also many other things that can contribute to
terrorist organizations as force multipliers. What are the articles talks about how the perspective
of help terrorists carry out attacks has changed drastically since 9/11, and terrorist have found
new ways to implement force multipliers. One of the sources talks about how explosives can be
used as an extreme force multiplier because of the amount of damage it can cause to
infrastructure and the amount of casualties it can have. IED's are very common explosive used by
terrorists in the Middle East that can cause significant amount of damage. A terrorist attack
involving explosives would be the Unabomber Theodore Kaczynski would put bombs in
packages and send them in the mail and use them to target specific locations. The media is also
something that terrorists can use even though there is no direct harm from this force multiplier it
can be used to spread terrorist groups ideology and strike fear into the public causing panic and
results in a form of manipulation for terrorist organizations. Force multipliers have a very broad
range and are highly effective for terrorist organizations, but having a better understanding of
what these things are and how they can use them against us also gives us an advantage. Federal
government agencies such as Homeland Security and the FBI use force multipliers as well to
help them get the upper hand on terror attacks and organizations. Terrorism will never stop and
will never go away but as long as there are people to combat it, we as Americans have a chance
to protect our allies and our country
References
Lischer, S. K. (2007). Military intervention and the humanitarian “Force multiplier”. Global
Governance, 13(1), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-01301007
White, J,. Chermak karma S. (2022). Terrorism and Homeland Security (10th ed.) Cengage
Carter, J. G., & Gore, M. L. (2013). Conservation officers: A force multiplier for homeland
security. Journal of Applied Security Research, 8(3), 285-307.
https://doi.org/10.1080/19361610.2013.794403
Bates, R., & Mooney, M. (2014). Distance learning and jihad: The dark side of the force. Online
Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 17(3)
Finlan, A. (2003). Warfare by other means: Special forces, terrorism and grand strategy. Small
Wars & Insurgencies, 14(1), 92-108. https://doi.org/10.1080/09592310412331300586
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