EXSC 520
CASE STUDY: ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE WITH REPEATED MEASURES TEMPLATE
I. Analysis of Variance with Repeated Measures
Research question: “is there a statistically significant difference in the core body
temperature at minutes: 0, 15, and 30 while exercising in a hot environment?”
Assumptions Testing
1. Data level of measurement- what is the level of measurement for the data used in this
case study? This case study uses interval measurement because temperature values are spaced
equally apart between points and zero temperature does not indicate a complete lack of heat.
2. Would the amount of skewness and kurtosis in these affect the analysis? How do you
know? Give numerical values to support your conclusion. The first group's skewness
measurement was .993 which falls inside the acceptable range of + or -1.96 without impacting
analysis results and this group also presented a kurtosis value of .878 which similarly does not impact
analysis outcomes. Because the skewness for the 15 min group was .087 and the kurtosis was .525
neither metric presented an impact on the analysis. The analysis remained unaffected by both the
.355 skewness and .417 kurtosis values for the 30 minute group.
Table 1. PASTE TABLE with skewness and kurtosis BELOW
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EXSC 520
Figure 2. PASTE Normal Q-Q Plot for each variable BELOW
4. Were there any outliers; how do you know? The data analysis showed that all three
groups lacked outliers since their data points remained on the diagonal lines and no
points appeared outside the lines in the box-and-whiskers plot.
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EXSC 520
Write-up- Use these questions as a guide to write an abstract (paragraph). Use past
tense.
The write-up must include the following items:
1. What is the research question?
2. What is the mean and standard deviation for core body temperature at minute: 0, 15, and
30?
3. Was Mauchly’s test of Sphericity met? How do you know?
4. Was the ANOVA statistically significant? (Hint: look at Sig value in Between-Subjects
Effects table)
5. List all (if any) significant multiple comparisons
6. What do the statistical findings of these data suggest about the research question?
7. What are your thoughts on the finding of this analysis, and what are the
practical application(s) of this finding? Elaborate on what the study means,
why, how you know, and relate the findings to exercise physiology knowledge.
Use references if needed.
(Hint- does this study “make sense?” What could influence results?)
The research question was “is there a statistically significant difference in the core body
temperature at minutes: 0, 15, and 30 while exercising in a hot environment?” At minute 0,
the core body temperature mean and standard deviation while exercising in a hot
environment were 36.95 and .3951. At the 15-minute mark the temperature measurement
yielded a mean value of 37.2 with a standard deviation of .5333. At minute 30 the mean
reached 37.63 with a standard deviation of .5498. The sphericity test passed because the sig
value was below .05 at .036 and the Greenhouse-geisser correction reported a value of .639
which exceeded .05. The ANOVA results achieved statistical significance because the
p-value was below .05 and the exact value was less than .001. The pairwise comparison
chart showed significance levels between .001 and .038 which is less than .05 making all
comparisons significant. The statistical results indicate that there exists a statistically
significant relationship between core body temperature and exercise duration in hot
conditions. Each interval group showed an increase in mean body temperatures from 0 to
15 minutes and from 15 to 30 minutes. The body can regulate its internal temperature but
will need to expend more energy to maintain cooling as it stays longer in hot conditions.
The body generates heat from energy production while also absorbing environmental heat
when the surroundings exceed body temperature resulting in both internal and external
heat which together elevate the body’s core temperature.
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