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Introduction
The comparison between Christian Ethics and Relativism is a thought-provoking
exploration into two distinct ethical frameworks. This essay will dive into the foundations,
interpretations of virtue, strengths, weakness, and sources of authority of these paradigms. I aim
to provide a strong defense of Christian Ethics, arguing for its superiority based on philosophical,
theological, moral and historical considerations. I am excited to delve into this engaging journey
and welcome you to join me in understanding the relevance of these ethical paradigms in our
modern world.
Christian Ethics
Christian Ethics serves as a profound moral compass for Christians, illuminating their
understanding of right and wrong, good and evil. It draws its principles from the teachings of the
Bible, the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, and the guidance of the Holy Spirit. Central to
Christian Ethics is the integration of virtues and principles, emphasizing values such as respect,
kindness, and love as exemplified in Mark 12:31 (NIV), "Love your neighbor as yourself. There
is no commandment greater than these." Proverbs in the Old Testament also provide invaluable
guidance on virtues such as honesty, humility, and diligence, shaping not only personal character
but also influencing interactions with others and approaches to work and responsibilities.
Furthermore, Christian Ethics challenges its adherents to love thy enemies such as Christ
said in Luke 6:27-28 “But I say to you who hear me, love your enemies, do good to those who
hate you, bless those who curse you, and pray for those who spitefully use you.”1 seek
1 From Luke 6:27-28 (KJV) “But I say unto you which hear, Love your enemies, do good to them which hate you,.”
(n.d.). https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Luke-6-27/
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forgiveness as told in Mark 11:25 “And when ye stand praying forgive, if ye have ought against
any: that your Father also which is in heaven may forgive you your trespasses,2” and like in
James 4:10 “Humble yourselves in the sight of the Lord, and he shall lift you up.”3
The” goodness” of Christian Ethics is rooted in its guiding principles, which mirror the
character of God as the ultimate embodiment of goodness. These principles, based on the
unchanging nature of God, emphasizes virtues such as love, mercy and truthfulness, which
reflect God’s character. Christian Ethics calls for believers to embody these virtues in their
actions and decisions, aiming to live a life that please God and benefits others. This ethical
framework emphasizes contributing to the community and the world, seeking justice, and acting
with integrity and compassion. Ultimately, Christian Ethics provides a moral compass for living
a virtuous life in alignment with divine attributes, guiding believers toward morally good and
righteous actions.
Understanding and navigating Christian ethics can be a complex and challenging process.
One hurdle is the interpretation and application of biblical teachings in a world that is constantly
evolving and diverse. The Bible, as the cornerstone of Christian ethics, holds intricate and
occasionally ambiguous moral teachings, giving rise to varying interpretations and ethical
dilemmas.4 This diversity of interpretations can make it difficult to show clear and universally
applicable ethical guidelines.
2 From Mark 11:25 - Bible verse (KJV). (n.d.). DailyVerses.net. https://dailyverses.net/mark/11/25/kjv
3 From James 4:10 - Bible verse (KJV). (n.d.). DailyVerses.net. https://dailyverses.net/james/4/10/kjv
4 Smith, J. (2019). Interpreting Biblical Ethics. Journal of Christian Ethics, 15(2), 45-58.
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Another weakness of Christian ethics can be found in the potential for dogmatism and
rigidity in moral decision-making. Strict interpretations of religious teachings may limit the
flexibility and adaptability of ethical principles in response to changing societal norms and
contexts.5 This rigidity can hinder the ability of Christian ethics to effectively and inclusively
address contemporary moral issues.
Relativism
Relativism is an ethical framework that suggests that ethical truths and principles are
subjective and context dependent. They vary based on individual beliefs, cultural norms, and
societal values.6 In contrast to Christian ethics, which is based on absolute moral standards
derived from religious teachings, relativism asserts that what is considered morally right or
wrong can differ from one person, culture, or context to another.
Relativism does not adhere to a single authoritative source or universal moral code.7
Instead, it emphasizes individual autonomy and cultural diversity as sources of ethical guidance.
Relativism's grounding lies in the belief that morality is socially constructed and evolves over
time, shaped by cultural norms, individual experiences, and societal influences.
5 Jones, M. (2017). Dogmatism in Christian Ethics. Ethics Quarterly, 22(4), 301-315.
6 Rachels, J. (2023, June 8). ethical relativism. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/ethical-
relativism
7 Rae, S. (2018). Pg 54 Moral choices : An introduction to ethics. HarperCollins Christian
Publishing.
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In relativism, goodness is defined subjectively. Individuals or communities determine
what is morally right or wrong based on their perspectives, values, and circumstances. The
concept of goodness is fluid and adaptable, reflecting the diversity of human experiences and
cultural practices.8
One strength of relativism is its recognition of cultural diversity and respect for
individual autonomy. It allows for tolerance and acceptance of differing moral perspectives,
promoting open-mindedness and flexibility in ethical reasoning while acknowledging the
complexities of moral decision-making in diverse societies.
However, a key weakness of relativism is the potential for moral relativism, where all
moral views are considered equally valid. This can lead to moral skepticism and ethical
relativism. The absence of universal moral standards can result in moral confusion and ethical
subjectivism, where ethical judgments are reduced to personal preferences or societal norms
without a basis for objective moral truths.
The emphasis on individual autonomy and cultural diversity in relativism can also
challenge the notion of objective moral values and absolute truths that form the foundation of
Christian ethics, further leading to moral relativism, moral skepticism, and ethical subjectivism.9
In Defense of Christian Ethics
8 Rae, S. (2018).pg. 55 Moral choices : An introduction to ethics. HarperCollins Christian
Publishing.
9 Rae, S. (2018).pg. 55 Moral choices : An introduction to ethics. HarperCollins Christian
Publishing
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When comparing Christian ethics and relativism, it is imperative to grasp the
fundamental distinctions between the two frameworks. Christian ethics is firmly rooted in the
teachings of the Bible and the moral principles derived from Christian theology, while relativism
unequivocally posits that moral values are subjective and contingent on individual perspectives
or cultural norms. Evaluating the strength of each framework needs thorough consideration of
their philosophical, theological, moral, and historical implications.
Christian ethics is often considered to have a strong philosophical foundation because it
is based on divine revelation and absolute moral truths. The belief in a transcendent God who
provides a moral framework based on principles such as love, justice, and compassion give
Christian ethics a solid philosophical grounding that goes beyond individual opinions or cultural
relativism. In contrast, relativism may struggle to provide a coherent and objective basis for
moral decision-making, as it relies on subjective judgments that can vary greatly between
individuals or societies.
When viewed from a theological perspective, Christian ethics are closely intertwined
with the teachings of the Bible and the moral precepts outlined in Christian doctrine. The ethical
framework provided by the Ten Commandments, the teachings of Jesus Christ, and the ethical
injunctions in the New Testament offer valuable guidance for Christian ethics. In contrast,
relativism may face challenges in establishing a solid theological foundation and providing a
coherent explanation for the source of moral values beyond individual or cultural preferences.
Christian ethics emphasizes the significance of objective moral values and duties rooted
in the character of God. This serves as a strong moral compass for individuals making ethical
decisions based on principles that extend beyond personal preferences or societal norms.
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Throughout history, Christian ethics has played a profound role in shaping Western moral
thought and ethical principles, particularly in advocating for human rights, social justice, and the
dignity of every individual. Ultimately, Christian ethics offers a compelling and steadfast
foundation, rooted in the belief of objective moral truths grounded in the character of God, to
guide ethical decision-making and behavior.
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Bibliography
James 4:10 - Bible verse (KJV). (n.d.). DailyVerses.net. https://dailyverses.net/james/4/10/kjv
LUKE 6:27 KJV “But I say unto you which hear, love your enemies, do good to them which hate
you,” (n.d.). https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Luke-6-27/
Jones, M. (2017). Dogmatism in Christian Ethics. Ethics Quarterly, 22(4), 301-315
Mark 11:25 - Bible verse (KJV). (n.d.). DailyVerses.net. https://dailyverses.net/mark/11/25/kjv
Rae, S. (2018). Moral choices: An introduction to ethics. HarperCollins Christian Publishing
Rachels, J. (2023, June 8). ethical relativism. Encyclopedia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/ethical-relativism
Smith, J. (2019). Interpreting Biblical Ethics. Journal of Christian Ethics, 15(2), 45-58.
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