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ANOVA with Tukey
ANOVA with Tukey Write-Up
Ashley Stadel
School of Education, Liberty University
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ANOVA with Tukey
WRITE-UP: ANOVA WITH TUKEY
Username: Ashley Stadel
Instructions: For this graded assignment, you will complete the write-up below after completing
the corresponding tutorial to this assignment. You will delete figures and tables where
appropriate and then insert correct figures and tables. Also delete and then insert correct answers
where there is RED text.
To begin, cut and paste the data set below into SPSS (or you can type in the data manually). Do
not copy the header row when you paste into SPSS. Before carrying out the analysis in SPSS,
you need to set up your data file correctly using the “Variable View” tab.
Scenario: The purpose of this study was to see if there was a significant difference in job
satisfaction among teachers (1), nurses (2), or psychologist (3). A job satisfaction survey was
given to all participants. The possible range of scores was 0 to 100 with 100 being the highest job
satisfaction and 0 being the lowest.
Code Name Job Job Satisfaction
1 Williams 1 85
2 Smith 1 86
3 Logan 1 91
4 Alexander 1 76
5 Oliver 1 87
6 Daniels 1 88
7 Jones 2 98
8 Jefferson 2 85
9 Madison 2 88
10 Kelley 2 89
11 Michaels 2 87
12 Acara 2 88
13 Welch 3 65
14 Christian 3 56
15 McBride 3 58
16 Elm 3 57
17 Toller 3 66
18 Mason 3 60
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ANOVA with Tukey
FINDINGS
Overview
The purpose of this study was to see if there was a significant difference in job
satisfaction among teachers, nurses, or psychologist. The independent variable was type of job
and the dependent variable was job satisfaction. A One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was
used to test the hypothesis. This Findings Section includes the research question, null hypothesis,
data screening, descriptive statistics, assumption testing, and results.
Research Question
RQ: Is there a significant difference between job satisfaction among teachers, nurses, or
psychologist?
Null Hypothesis
H0: There is no significant difference in job satisfaction among teachers, nurses, or
psychologist.
Data Screening
Data screening was conducted on each group’s dependent variable. The researcher sorted
the data on each variable and scanned for inconsistencies. No data errors or inconsistencies were
identified. Box and whiskers plots were used to detect outliers on each dependent variable. One
extreme outlier was identified and removed from the nurses group. See Figure 1 for box and
whisker plots.
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ANOVA with Tukey
Figure 1
Box and Whisker Plots
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ANOVA with Tukey
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive statistics were obtained on the dependent variable for each group. The sample
consisted of 17 participants. The average job satisfaction in the United States is 65. Descriptive
statistics can be found in Table 1.
Table 1
Descriptive Statistics
Assumption Testing
Assumption of Normality
The ANOVA requires that the assumption of normality be met. Normality was examined
using Shapiro-Wilks. The assumption of normality was met. See Table 2 for Tests of Normality.
Table 2
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ANOVA with Tukey
Tests of Normality
Assumption of Homogeneity of Variance
The ANOVA requires that the assumption of homogeneity of variance be met. The
assumption of homogeneity of variance was examined using the Levene’s test. The assumption
of homogeneity of variance was met where (p = .25). See Table 3 for Levene’s test of Equality of
Error Variance.
Table 3
Levene’s test of Equality of Error Variance
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ANOVA with Tukey
Results
An ANOVA was run to see if there was a difference among job satisfaction in teachers,
nurses, or psychologist. The independent variable was type of job and the dependent variable
was job satisfaction. The researcher rejected the null hypothesis at the 95% confidence level
where F(2, 14) = 81.05, p = .001. Partial eta square equaled (2part = .921). The effect size was
extremely large. There was a statistical difference in job satisfaction among teachers (M = 85.50,
SD = 5.09), nurses (M = 87.40, SD = 1.52), and psychologists (M = 60.33, SD = 4.23). See Table
4 for Tests of Between-Subjects Effects.
Table 4
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Because the researcher rejected the null, post hoc analysis was required. A Tukey test was
performed to compare all possible pairs of group means among the three professions. Based on
this test, it was found that psychologist (M = 85.5, SD = 5.09) had significantly lower job
satisfaction than teachers (M = 87.4, SD = 1.52) and nurses (M = 60.33, SD = 4.23). See Table 5
for Multiple Comparisons.
