One way ANOVA between Marital Status and Self-esteem

Marital Status and Self-esteem:

Table 5.11:

One way ANOVA between Marital Status and Self-esteem

Descriptives

Self-esteem Score

Mean

Std.

Deviation

Std.

Error

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Minimum Maximum

34 23.7353 4.98062 .85417 21.9975 25.4731 15.00 29.00

Divorced 11 26.2727 3.06891 .92531 24.2110 28.3344 23.00 30.00

Widowed

22.0000 2.44949 .92582 19.7346 24.2654 19.00 25.00

Total 162 22.4938 5.25764 .41308 21.6781 23.3096 6.00 30.00

ANOVA

Rosenberg Score

Between

A one way between subjects ANOVA was conducted to compare the effect marital status has on

self-esteem. There was a significant effect at the p<.05 level for the four conditions/status [F (3,

158) = 3.40, p= .019. A comparison of the results indicated that the mean scores for married

(M=21.76, SD=5.45), single never married (M= 23.73, SD= 4.98) and widowed (M=22.00, SD=

2.45) were significantly different compared to divorced counsellors (M= 26.27, SD= 3.06).

These results suggest that marital status has a positive impact on self-esteem scores. Counsellors

who are married, single never married and those who are widowed are likely to have higher self-

esteem scores compared to those counsellors who are divorced.

Table 5.12:

organisatio

Rosenberg

Score

worked

for your

organisation

Pearson

Correlation

-.025

tailed)

162 162

A Pearson product moment correlation was computed to assess the relationship between

duration of employment and self-esteem. There was a weak negative correlation and no

statistically significant relationship between the two variables. r= -.025, n=162; p.756.

These results suggest that duration of employment does not have impact on self-esteem scores.

Table 5.13

ANOVA between “What is your highest academic qualification?” and the Rosenberg

Self-esteem Scores.

Rosenberg self-esteem Score

Mean

Deviation

Error

Bachelor’s

degree

42 22.4524 5.31084 .81948 20.7974 24.1074 12.00 30.00

Master’s

degree

71 22.7887 5.25878 .62410 21.5440 24.0335 6.00 30.00

PhD 15 27.3333 1.91485 .49441 26.2729 28.3937 25.00 30.00

Total 162 22.4938 5.25764 .41308 21.6781 23.3096 6.00 30.00

ANOVA

Rosenberg Score

Groups

Total 4450.494 161

A one way between subjects ANOVA was conducted to compare the effect academic

qualification has on self-esteem. There was a significant effect at the p<.05 level for the four

conditions/status [F (3, 158) = 8.29, p= .000.

A comparison of the results indicated that the mean scores for diploma (M=19.79, SD=4.61),

bachelor’s (M= 22.45, SD= 5.3) and master’s degree (M=22.78, SD= 5.25) were significantly

different compared to PhD counsellors (M= 27.33, SD= 1.91).

These results suggest that academic qualifications have a positive impact on self-esteem. The

higher the qualification, the higher the levels of self-esteem, on the other hand the lower the

qualification, the lower the self-esteem.

Job Status and Self-esteem:

Table 5.14:

Descriptives

Rosenberg Self-esteem Scores

Working

on a fixed

term

contract

33 23.7273 4.00213 .69668 22.3082 25.1464 16.00 30.00

Working

on

permanent

or open

ended

or locum

basis

25 21.3600 4.88092 .97618 19.3453 23.3747 11.00 27.00

Others

Total 162 22.4938 5.25764 .41308 21.6781 23.3096 6.00 30.00

ANOVA

Rosenberg Score

Sum of

Squares df

Mean

Square

Sig.

Between

Groups

employment status has on self-esteem. There was a significant effect at the p<.05

level for the four conditions/status [F (4, 157) = 2.59, p= .039.

A comparison of the results indicated that the mean scores for others (M=16.00,

SD=0.0) working on permanent or open ended contract (M= 22.20, SD= 7.10)

were significantly different compared to counsellors working on a fixed term

contract (M= 23.72, SD= 4.00) and self employed counsellors (M= 23.15, SD=

These results suggest that employment status has a positive impact on self-esteem.

Counsellors working on fixed term contracts and those self-employed are likely to

have higher self-esteem scores