Primary Research Objective 3: What is the predictive value of self-esteem and
burnout on employee turnover intention?
Table :
Correlation between self-esteem, burnout and turnover intention scores
Rosenberg
self-esteem
Score
Maslach
Score 1:
EE
Maslach
Score 2:
PA
Maslach
Score 3:
D
Turnover
Score
Rosenberg
self-esteem
Score
Pearson
Correlation
1
-.224** .038 -.135 -.151
Sig.
tailed)
(2- .004 .629 .086 .055
N
162 162 162 162 162
Maslach
Score
EE
1:
Pearson
Correlation
-.224**
1
-.135 .614** .413**
Sig. (2- .004 .086 .000 .000
tailed)
N
162 162 162 162 162
Maslach
Score
PA
2:
Pearson
Correlation
.038 -.135
1
-.039 -.281**
Sig.
tailed)
(2- .629 .086 .625 .000
N
162 162 162 162 162
Maslach
Score 3: D
Pearson
Correlation
-.135 .614** -.039
1
.325**
Sig.
tailed)
(2- .086 .000 .625 .000
N
162 162 162 162 162
Turnover
Score
Pearson
Correlation
-.151 .413** -.281** .325**
1
Sig.
tailed)
(2- .055 .000 .000 .000
N
162 162 162 162 162
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
A Pearson product moment correlation was computed to assess the relationship
between turnover intentions scores, the self-esteem scale scores and the burnout
scales. There was a weak negative correlation and no statistically significant
relationship between the Rosenberg self-esteem scores and turnover intentions
scores [r= -.151, n=162; p.055].
On the other hand, there was a moderately strong positive correlation and a
statistically significant relationship between emotional exhaustion subscale and
turnover intention scores [r=
.413, n=162; p.000]. These results suggest an increase in emotional exhaustion
scores is correlated with increases in the turnover intention scores.
In addition, there was a negative correlation and statistically significant
relationship between personal accomplishment subscale and turnover intention
scores [r= -.281, n=162; p.000]. These results suggest an increase in the personal
accomplishment subscale scores are correlated with
decreases in the turnover intention scores.
Table:
Multiple Regressions between Self-esteem, Burnout and Turnover Intention.
Model
Model
R
R Square
Adjuste
d R
Square
Std. Error
of
the
Estimate
1
.486a.236 .217 11.06199
a. Predictors: (Constant), Maslach Score 3: D,
Maslach Score 2: PA, Rosenberg Score, Maslach
Score 1: EE
ANOVA a
Model
Sum
of Squares
df
Mean
Square
F
Sig.
1
Regression 5942.269
4
1485.567 12.140 .000b
Residual 19211.706 157 122.368
Total 25153.975 161
a. Dependent Variable: Turnover Intention Score
b. Predictors: (Constant), Maslach Score 3: D, Maslach Score 2: PA,
Rosenberg Score, Maslach Score 1: EE
Coefficientsa
Model
Unstandardized
Coefficients
Standardised
Coefficients
t
Sig.
95.0%
Confidence Interval
for B
B
Std.
Erro
r
Beta
Lower
Boun
d
Upper
Bound
1
(Constant) 56.414 6.894 8.183 .000 42.797 70.030
Rosenberg
Score
-.143 .170 -.060 -.840 .402 -.479 .193
Maslach
Score 1:
EE
.324 .103 .286 3.158 .002 .121 .526
Maslach
Score 2:
PA
-.415 .125 -.235 -3.329 .001 -.662 -.169
Maslach
Score 3:
D
.343 .230 .132 1.492 .138 -.111 .798
a. Dependent Variable: Turnover Intention Score
A multiple regression was run to predict turnover intention from levels of
burnout and self- esteem scores results as shown in Table 5.29. The multiple
regression model with all four predictors produced R2 = .236, (4, 157) = 12.140,
p < .000. These variables statistically significantly predicted turnover intention as
can be seen in Table 5.29; the emotional exhaustion subscale had significant
positive regression weights and the personal accomplishment subscale had
significant negative regression weights, indicating that counsellors with higher
scores on these subscales were expected to have higher scores on the turnover
intention scale after controlling for the other variables in this model.
From the above analysis, the results indicate that Self-esteem has weak
correlations with burnout and turnover respectively. However turnover
intentions and burnout have moderate correlation. This means that the association
between burnout and turnover is highly statistically significant. The higher the
level of burnout the more an employee is likely to quit. On the other hand, there
was no significant association between self-esteem and turnover intention due to
a weak negative association.
Table :
Predictive value of Self-esteem and Burnout on Employee Turnover Intention
Regression Estimates
Estimate 95% C.I
Self-esteem - 0.13 (- 0.46 – 0.19)
Burn out 0.35 (0.24 – 0.45)***
***P<.001; C.I=Confidence Level.
This means that the association between burnout and turnover is highly
statistically significant. The higher the level of burnout the more an employee is
likely to quit. On the other hand, there
was no significant association between self-esteem and turnover intention due to
a weak negative association.
Associations between the background variables (age, gender, marital status and
highest academic qualification), turnover intentions, personal self-esteem and
employee burnout are presented in Table 5.30.
Table:
Multivariate Regression Estimates
Turnover intentions Self-esteem Burn out
Age Estimate 95% C.I Estimate 95% C.I Estimate 95% C.I
20 – 29 #
30 – 39 8.24* (1.36-15.11) 2.73 (-0.17-5.62) 5.89 (-2.80-14.6)
40 – 49 6.78* (0.47-13.08) 0.36 (-2.29-3.02) -12.95** (-20.93-(-4.97))
50 – 59 3.77 (-3.53-11.08) -0.90 (-3.98-2.18) -17.16*** (-26.4-(-7.91))
60+ -3.49 (-12.66-5.67) 0.86 (-4.71-3.00) -23.97*** (-35.57-(-12.38))
Gender
Male#
Female 7.69*** (3.68-11.72) 2.84** (1.15-4.54) 10.83*** (5.74-15.92)
Marital
Status
Married#
Single 3.03 (-1.53-7.6) 2.11* (0.19-4.03) -9.04** (-14.82-(-3.26))
Divorced -17.11*** (-24.22-(-10)) 5.42*** (2.43-8.42) -6.67 (-15.67-2.33)
Widowed 4.95 (-3.71-13.62) 2.92 (-0.73-6.57) 13.63* (2.66-24.59)
Education
Level
Diploma#
First Degree -6.95**
(-12.06- (-
1.85))
2.76* (0.61-4.91) -7.91* (-14.38-(-1.45))
Master’s -1.72 (-6.46-3.01) 2.58* (0.59-4.58) -5.75 (-11.74-0.24)
PhD -16.32*** (-23.24-(-9.41)) 8.83*** (5.92-
11.74)
-17.26*** (-26.01-(-8.51))
*P<.05; **P<.01; ***P<.001; = reference level; C.I=Confidence Level.
Turnover intentions and burnout have significant association with age, gender,
marital status and education level. On the other hand, self-esteem has significant
association with gender, marital status and education level.
