ENABLING REAL-TIME V2V COMMUNICATION FOR TRAFFIC MONITORING

ENABLING REAL-TIME V2V COMMUNICATION FOR TRAFFIC

MONITORING

Traffic Monitoring

Active probing and passive monitoring for traffic info

Probe packets forwarded greedily to distribute data

Piggyback edge reliability data to avoid broadcasts

Exclude outdated or unknown edge data to reduce overhead

Reliable Path Determination

Edge weights reflect connectivity rather than distance

Minimum weight for connected, maximum for disconnected

Dijkstra's algorithm finds most reliable path

Reliability Value Calculation

Reliability weight based on time since last probe traversal

Lower weight for recent probe, higher for older probe

Default weights for edges with no recent probe data

Routing

Greedy forwarding if source and destination are nearby

Otherwise find anchor path using street graph

Intermediate nodes forward packet closer to next anchor point

Implementation

Simulated in MATLAB by varying number of nodes and probe

frequency

Lower packet loss with frequent probe packets

Comparison to Existing Protocols

Reduced packet overhead

Faster convergence to topology changes

Higher data packet throughput

Conclusion

Finds reliable paths with low congestion and overhead

Further improvements possible in sparse networks

Overall, optimized solution for real-time V2V communication

Key Highlights

Active probing coupled with passive monitoring for efficiency

Edge weights based on real-time connectivity crucial

Up-to-date reliable path computation enables timely delivery

Significant gains over existing protocols demonstrated

THE DUAL BAND NOTCH UWB ANTENNA

Introduction

UWB approved from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz for commercial applications

Provides high data rates, low interference, low complexity

Interfering bands like WiMAX, WLAN exist in UWB spectrum

Antenna Design

Compact elliptical monopole structure on FR4 substrate

Microstrip feedline excites radiating patch

Slotted ground plane for impedance matching

Notch Band Design

λg/2 rectangular split ring resonators (R-SRR)

C-type R-SRR produces notch in WiMAX band

U-type R-SRR gives notch in X band

Results

Return loss below -10 dB in UWB band

Notches created at WiMAX and X band frequencies

Gain below -5 dBi and efficiency below 20% in notched bands

Otherwise gain above 3 dBi and efficiency above 60%

Conclusion

Elliptical monopole with slotted ground provides UWB response

R-SRR resonators introduce notches to suppress interference

Good impedance matching, gain and efficiency achieved

Compact filtering antenna eliminates undesired bands in UWB

Key Highlights

Split ring resonators create notch bands to filter interference

Slotted ground helps improve impedance matching

Elliptical monopole suitable for achieving UWB characteristics

Notch bands and UWB response realized in a single compact

antenna

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