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APA Writing Exercise Assignment
Tiffany Burgi
School of Business, Liberty University
BMAL700 DSL Program Orientation
Dr. Maria Garcia de la Noceda
May 23, 2021
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Strategic leadership has a different definition depending on who you ask and in what
context you are referring to. When you look you look up the words independently in the
Merriam-Webster dictionary, they read as "strategic: of, relating to, or marked by strategy"
(Merriam-Webster, 2021) and "leadership: the office or position of a leader" (Merriam-Webster,
2021). When you read those two independent definitions, I think you develop what the general
public thinks of strategic leadership, leaders with set plans. I had considered pursuing a master's
in strategic leadership at my undergrad school. It was the first year of their master's program. We
were able to start the degree prior to completing our undergrad. I began to take two of the
classes. It was then when I realized the program they had set up then had no classes about
leadership. It was more focused on a business degree. Know what kind of strategic leader you
want to be will aid in choosing a school to pursue your degree at, I learned. Once I looked at
other schools for Strategic Leadership degrees, did I see they can vary from school to school.
Article One
When looking at strategic leadership in an education setting where the administration
needs to lead with strategy in order to stay cutting edge and keep their enrollment up, it is "vision
and strategic setting, capability in applying strategies into practice, ability to create and develop
work effectively, being attentive to work, and the ability to evaluate and develop strategy"
(Chatchawaphun et al., 2016). This approach is geared towards a group of leaders strategically
developing ideas for a school. "are forced to adapt and learn to improve themselves for better
knowledge, skills and required qualifications, especially in the aspect of strategic leadership so
as to create the strengths of their school to meet the requirements of current and prospective
students" (Chatchawaphun et al., 2016). They make these assessments to better themselves and
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the school they work for. In this case, they define it as something to keep themselves relevant
and on top of education in their area.
Article Two
When I looked into strategic leadership in a business concept, it seems to take a much
more competitive approach. "The relationship between strategic leadership and competitive
advantage, one of the most well documented relationships in the literature is the relationship
between these two constructs" (Hunitie, 2018). The article I found looking at how strategic
leadership is used along with if all leaders are strategic. Something I could interesting was how
they laid out the leaders, "leadership is related to all leaders in the organization regardless of the
management level, whereas strategic leadership refers to leaders at the top level of the
organization" (Hunitie, 2018). In this way of thinking, only upper management can be strategic
leaders. So using that logic once I have graduated from Liberty University with my Doctor of
Strategic Leadership, I cannot be a strategic leader if I am not in an upper management position.
I'm afraid I have to disagree with that. I am able to use the skills I learn in my education here at
Liberty and apply them to any situation.
Article Three
The article Strategic Leadership Systems: Viewing Top Management Teams and Boards
Of Directors From A Multiteam Systems Perspective looks at different ways of strategic
leadership and its functions. "Theory of strategic leadership system functioning adopts a
multidisciplinary approach, drawing from and contributing to macro and micro oriented
management literatures" (Luciano et al., 2020). When taking into consideration corporations and
how strategic leadership works within that confinement is "beyond the managing capacity of a
single group, thus requiring the coordinated efforts of multiple groups at the apex of the
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organization that have distinct and shared tasks" (Luciano et al., 2020). This article lays out a
diagram that helps show how that works.
(Luciano et al., 2020)
This article also looks at the board of directors and the top management teams as strategic
leaders. This thought harkens back to the Hunitie article. Those in top leadership can only be
strategic leaders. This article looks at the strategic leadership concept at many different levels
within a company. They "offers numerous practical recommendations for strategic leaders with a
cautionary warning to consider the current state of strategic leadership system" (Luciano et al.,
2020).
The articles I chose do not outright define strategic leadership but use them in actionable
ways. Looking at how strategic leadership is used shows how they are defining it. The first
article I found focuses on the benefits in the end while using strategic leadership. The second one
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was more focused on who is allowed to be a strategic leader. The third article is how strategic
leadership functions. All three have some similarities and differences. The Hunitie article felt
like they put strategic leadership in a box with no creativity allowed. The article I would give the
most weight to would be the one focusing on its functions. It is showing us how to use it. They
helped establish how in many different ways to apply and use the skills of strategic leadership. It
will also help to narrow down future jobs and if how I apply strategic leadership would fit.
Overall, there many different ways to look at and define what strategic leadership is and
how it functions. There is not an exact precise way it should be done or executed. I believe it
depends on the person and their characteristics to decide that.
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References
Chatchawaphun, P., Julsuwan, S., & Srisa-ard, B. (2016). Development of Program to Enhance
Strategic Leadership of Secondary School Administrators. International Education
Studies, 9(10), 34–46. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v9n10p34
Hunitie, M. (2018). Impact Of Strategic Leadership On Strategic Competitive Advantage
Through Strategic Thinking And Strategic Planning: A Bi-Meditational
Research. Business: Theory and Practice, 19, 320–330.
https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2018.32
Luciano, M. M., Nahrgang, J. D., & Shropshire, C. (2020). Strategic Leadership Systems:
Viewing Top Management Teams and Boards of Directors from A Multiteam Systems
Perspective. Academy of Management Review, 45(3), 675–701.
https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2017.0485
Merriam-Webster. (2021, May 21). Strategic. Merriam-Webster. https://www.merriam-
webster.com/dictionary/strategic.
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Annotated Bibliography
Chatchawaphun, P., Julsuwan, S., & Srisa-ard, B. (2016). Development of Program to Enhance
Strategic Leadership of Secondary School Administrators. International Education
Studies, 9(10), 34–46. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v9n10p34
This journal article is found in the Education Resource Information Center (ERIC)
database. The article is found in the International Education Studies (IES). The journal was
first published in 2008 and released monthly. It is a double-blind peer-reviewed journal.
The journal focuses on education method, training, policy, teaching, and development.
The journal is free to access and download online. Pimpisa Chatchawaphun, one of the
authors, has only publication to their name. Suwat Julsuwan has four publications to their
name. The author of this article with the most publications at sixteen is. Boonchom Srisa-
ard. The article looks at the leadership needed for secondary school administrators, the
current environment for secondary schools. It also looked at the efficiency level of the
strategic secondary school administrator enhancement program by using the developmental
research process. The study included the principles and skills needed. They examine the
current climate and desires in secondary school. They collected their data from reports,
academic databases, and online research. They also conducted interviews using evaluation
forms and questionnaires. They focused on things concerning leadership and strategic
leadership.
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Hunitie, M. (2018). Impact Of Strategic Leadership on Strategic Competitive Advantage
Through Strategic Thinking And Strategic Planning: A Bi-Meditational
Research. Business: Theory and Practice, 19, 320–330.
https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2018.32
This journal article is found in the Business Source Complete database. The article is found
in the Business: Theory and Practice journal. The journal was first published in 2000. It is
a double-blind peer-reviewed journal. The journal publishes original research, reviews, and
case studies on all areas of strategic management and organizational behavior. The journal
is an open access journal. It is published by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University
(VILNIUS TECH). The author Mohammad Hunitie is affiliated with the Department of
Public Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz
University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. He only has one publication in the Business: Theory and
Practice journal. The article address that with strategic planning and strategic thinking,
there can be confusion between the two and how they relate to strategic leadership. They
studied strategic planning and strategic thinking and how they were different and similar.
When they look at strategic thinking, they wanted to know if that has an impact on
strategic leadership. They looked at it and how it related to the health care system in
Jordan. They used a questionnaire and gave it to 1000 people in the hospitals, 521 of them
were completed and returned. The result was that having strategic leadership, planning, and
thinking was an advantage. They were also looked at with positivity.
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Luciano, M. M., Nahrgang, J. D., & Shropshire, C. (2020). Strategic Leadership Systems:
Viewing Top Management Teams and Boards of Directors from A Multiteam Systems
Perspective. Academy of Management Review, 45(3), 675–701.
https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2017.0485
This journal was found in the Elton B. Stephens Company (EBSCO) database. The article
is found in the Academy of Management Review journal. The journal was first published
in 1976. It is published quarterly. It is ranked 6th in journals pertaining to management and
also 6th in the category of Business. They focus on theoretical insights that advance our
understanding of management and organizations. Author Margaret Luciano has sixteen
published articles in the Academy of Management Review. Jennifer Nahrgang has six
published articles in the Academy of Management Review. Christine Shropshire has
fourteen published articles in the Academy of Management Review. This article wanted to
address top management and boards because of the world we are currently having to
navigate and how it is ever-changing. How strategic leadership plays into both these
groups. Their theory was that top management and boards are strong at working
independently and interdependently white their respective groups.
