POSITION OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION OF NOTARIES AS AN
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
TRANSACTIONS
Introduction
The rapid development of globalization has resulted in the increasing needs of society.
The high level of needs cannot be fully met by the state. This is due to the limitations of
natural and human resources. To meet the needs of the community, the international
transaction process is carried out through the export and import process. International
transactions are one type of transaction that involves various countries in the world. In the
transaction process, the parties involved are not only individuals, but also large companies
(Raspita, 2021; Satrianto, 2021; Syahrin & Aslami, 2022). Business transaction activities
International business transactions are one of the private laws that give freedom to the parties
involved to make agreements that are able to become achievements in a bond (Gijoh, 2021;
Willyus et al., 2021). The subjects involved in international business transaction activities can
be a country with other countries, government and non-government international
organizations, and individuals with each other (multinational companies and banks) (Lubis,
2021). Therefore, every transaction implementation must still be subject to the rules of
international law or national law that has been made by each country (Darajati, 2020).
The high intensity of international transaction activities requires an agreement
between the parties involved in international transactions (Halomoan, 2018). Agreements are
needed to provide protection and legal certainty for the parties to international transactions
(Prijanto & Tho'in, 2021). Agreements on international transactions are outlined through
International Contracts (Ayu, 2018). An international contract is basically an agreement
between two or more people that creates an obligation to do or not do a certain action
(Priyanto, 2018). This means that each party contained in the contract has an obligation to
carry out the contents of the contract in good faith (Sinaga, 2020). In international contracts
there is a foreign element, which results in a lack of understanding of the applicable law
outside the other party's country.
One of the problems that arise in international business transactions is the issue of
Choice of Law (Prajugo, 2020). Choice of Law is a problem that is not easy. The law chosen
by one party is not necessarily accepted by the other party (Kasih et al., 2021). Although in a
contract Choice of Law is not a prerequisite for the validity of a contract, of course Choice of
Law has an important point. If Choice of Law is not included, it can be said that a contract is
considered defective (Dimpudus et al., 2021). In addition to the national law of each country,
the laws that can be used in the fulfillment of Choice of Law include customary law,
international treaties, international law, or a combination of certain laws (Anggraeni & Rizal,
2019). When viewed from this explanation, of course international treaties and international
law are two things in the choice of law that can be a middle ground if the two parties do not
agree on their respective national laws (Darajati, 2020; Pijoh, 2022). The use of international
treaties or international law is usually based on the agreement of countries in formulating an
international legal product (Situngkir, 2018). Countries that agree are obliged to ratify a
product of international law, so that the use of international law can be used. Although
countries have ratified international conventions governing international transactions, the
parties listed in the contract need a third party to help if there are problems in international
transactions.
A third party that can play a role in solving international transaction problems is the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). UINL is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world. In other words, UINL is a forum owned by the
international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with the
Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia. In international transaction activities, UINL functions to
cooperate with the government of a country, so as to facilitate the process of implementing
international transactions.
Several studies that have been conducted previously reveal that in international
business transactions there are various legal principles that can be found in the rules of
international treaty law and regulate the provisions of international business transactions. The
provisions in the international convention regarding Contracts for the international Sale of
Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka,
2018). Other research reveals that problems in international transactions can be resolved
through arbitration institutions, which are significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively
and efficiently or relatively in terms of time and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Based on the results
of relevant research, it can be seen that international transaction problems can be resolved
through various international organizations such as the Contracts for the international Sale of
Goods, and arbitration institutions. However, in previous research there has been no study
that discusses the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization in international business transactions. Therefore, this research is focused on this
study with the aim of knowing the position of the international union of notaries as an
international organization.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
Methods
This research uses normative legal research, namely by using legal materials that have
been used for a preparation and also discussion in a problem in the research. This is done to
find a rule of law, legal principle or doctrine to answer legal problems that will produce
concepts or theories in solving the problem under study. The legal materials used in this
research are primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of
international conventions and several laws and regulations of each country. Secondary legal
materials are scientific research from authors, books, international articles related to the
formulation of this problem. Data collection in the research was carried out using observation
and literature review methods. The legal materials that have been obtained are combined and
then interpreted, so as to form legal argumentation. The purpose of forming legal
argumentation is to provide an assessment of the problems made. The assessment is carried
out descriptively, namely by explaining in detail and systematically the results of the research
obtained, then forming conclusions on the argumentation and discussion in this study.
Results and Discussion
Results
Research on the position of the international union of notaries as an international
organization shows that the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO
(International Non-Governmental Organization) which has the aim of advancing,
coordinating and developing the functions and activities of notaries throughout the world.
UINL has similarities with the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary
organization in Indonesia that accommodates notaries in Indonesia. UINL as an INGO has a
program design by collaborating with several international organizations including the World
Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition, International Development Law
Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure and Administration. This is done to
provide recommendations and explanations on international laws relating to notaries. UINL,
which consists of countries, can also cooperate with the government of a country, even if the
organization's membership does not include a government group in its membership system.
Dispute resolution by the International Union of Notaries (UINL) is carried out
peacefully so that international security is not threatened. Included in the peaceful settlement
of disputes are arbitration, judicial settlement, negotiation, good offices, mediation,
conciliation, investigation, and settlement under the auspices of the UN organization.
Settlement under the auspices of the UN organization only applies when there is a dispute of
a public nature. In international contract law or international business, disputes that may arise
will be complicated. This is due to the choice of law in the clause of a contract. The main
function of Choice of Law in a contract is as a source of law when the contract does not
regulate a matter. However, the parties involved in the contract do not know and understand
the laws of other countries, so the need for a third party who will be the mediator and
international notaries can also be a solution.
In carrying out their duties, international notaries need a forum in the international
world in which there is an international organization regarding notaries, namely the
International Union of Notaries (UINL). In international dispute resolution, UINL, which has
the status of an INGO, does not have a vital role in resolving disputes, especially in
international contracts. In connection with this, what UINL can do is to cooperate with
several related international organizations and also the government of each member country.
Such cooperation could include the establishment of an international convention on the
position of international notaries who assist third parties under the auspices of the WTO.
Research Discussion
The International Union of Notaries as one of the international organizations is an
element of an international legal subject formed based on a written agreement made by at
least three countries or governments or existing organizations (Rafi, 2020). In the field of
international business, one of which is included in international organizations is the World
Trade Organization (WTO) (Poae, 2019). The WTO as an international organization in the
field of trade has the authority to issue policies that will be ratified by countries member
countries (Pangestu et al., 2021; Rubiyanto, 2019). Therefore, when member countries ratify
the policies formed by the WTO, these countries are bound by the policies or international
conventions formed by the WTO (Rahayu, 2020; Satrianto, 2021). However, in the context of
international legal subjects, there are organizations that almost have the same function as
international organizations formed by the government called Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs). In international business transactions, NGOs have a role as pressure
groups that are generally based on universal values, especially in international business
transactions that are closely related to international contracts which have more complicated
legal settlements than public international law (Oktaviandono & Syahputra, 2021). One of the
NGOs that can play a role in the formation of international contracts is the International
Union of Notaries.
The International Union of Notaries (UINL) is an INGO (International Non-
Governmental Organization) that aims to promote, coordinate, and develop the functions and
activities of notaries around the world (Utami, 2020). In other words, UINL is a forum owned
by the international world for international notaries. In Indonesia, UINL has similarities with
the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). INI is a notary organization in Indonesia that
accommodates notaries in Indonesia (Rukmana et al., 2021). Starting from the code of ethics
and also the formation of laws and regulations regarding notaries in Indonesia is the role of
INI in it. This is also needed in UINL, especially since international transactions have
problems with the choice of law in the contracts made by the parties. However, due to the
status of UINL which is still labeled as an NGO, it cannot necessarily act like a
Governmental Organization, so that NGOs at a certain level can provide some
recommendations in the proceedings held by international organizations and UINL can
provide recommendations in the WTO session (Rainer et al., 2021).
UINL as an INGO has a program design by collaborating with several international
organizations including the World Bank, United Nations, International Land Coalition,
International Development Law Organization, and International Alliance on Land Tenure
and Administration. This is done to provide recommendations and also explanations of
international laws relating to notaries. UINLs, which are made up of countries, can also
cooperate with the government of a country, even if the organization's membership does not
include a governmental group in its membership system. For example, in England and Wales
notaries are members of The Notary Society, while in Indonesia notaries are under the
auspices of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). These notary organizations are one of
the agreements made by UINL to the governments of countries to assist notaries in each
country, but only according to their respective national laws. If there is a dispute or
transaction that uses international law, UINL as an INGO has a role in international law.
The results obtained in this study are slightly different from the results of previous
studies, namely previous studies emphasized more on legal principles and arbitration
institutions. As mentioned that in international business transactions there are various legal
principles that can be found in the rules of international treaty law and regulate the provisions
of international business transactions. The provisions in the international convention
regarding Contracts for the international Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principle
of International Contracts (Ratna & Makka, 2018). Other research reveals that problems in
international transactions can be resolved through arbitration institutions, which are
significantly able to resolve disputes, effectively and efficiently or relatively in terms of time
and cost (Nopiandri, 2018). Meanwhile, the results in this study emphasize the position of the
international union of notaries as an international organization.
Conclusion
The International Union of Notaries organization in international transactions plays a
role in certifying the contract agreed upon by the parties. International notaries can mediate
disputes that occur in the contract. However, (UINL) is an international organization labeled
as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that does not have the authority to form
international conventions that can bind countries. This means that UINL as an NGO can
cooperate with international organizations and member states involved in international
business transactions by forming international conventions governing international standing
in international business transactions.
