PERSUASION COMMUNICATION OF TEEN EXISTENCE ON
SOCIAL MEDIA
Introduction
Today's life situation has become increasingly complex. The complexity of life seems
to have become part of people's lives, part by part will shift or may even disappear altogether
because it is replaced by a new pattern of life. The tendency that emerges today, supported by
the pace of technological development and the global flow of life that is difficult or
impossible to stem, suggests that humans will be increasingly pushed towards a highly
competitive life. Andersen predicts that this kind of life situation can cause humans to
become confused or even dissolve into new situations without being able to select again if
they do not have adequate survival. This is because the old established value system is
challenged by new values that are not yet widely understood.(Andersen, 2004: 107).
The invention of information technology is developing on a mass scale. Technology
has changed the shape of society, from a local world society to a global world society. A
world that is very transparent to the development of information, transportation, and that is so
fast and so big that it affects the civilization of mankind, so that the world is dubbed as the
big village, which is a big village, where people know each other and greet each other.
(Burhan, 2005: xxi) The development of information technology is also not only able to
create a global society, but is materially able to develop a new life space for the community,
so that without realizing it, the human community has lived in two worlds of life, namely real
community life and virtual community life (cybercommunity). The Internet is one of the
results of the sophistication and progress of man-made science and technology. The Internet
stands for Interconnected Networking, which in United States means a series of computers
connected in a series of networks. This is the answer to the human desire and dream to be
able to "touch" with others more broadly, globally, quickly, and cheaply. And this then
becomes a new form of media, a new form of communication, new media.
New media based on computer technology, technological advances both in terms of
hardware and software make the internet more sophisticated. The attraction of new media is
very great, offers such as speed, interactivity, wide networks and more personal access make
it able to develop quickly. Another indication is the tendency of humans to become
cybernetic organisms, individuals will become connected beings in the cyber world with all
its consequences. For example, the development of electronic agents, evolutionary changes in
games and virtual worlds. Individuals can also have a life other than in the real world with a
new identity resulting from their own formation. As a result of individual freedom in the new
world, virtual culture emerges with a new type of communication relationship, namely virtual
communication. Now humans relate and communicate with each other virtually through the
social media they have. By using existing technology such as smartphones and other gadgets,
they will easily write walls, messages or comments and even online chatrooms to simply
contact their friends.
The development of time and modernization has made the internet a necessity and a
permanent human activity as a member of society. Apart from being a professional demand,
science development, news, and entertainment, using the internet is also an alternative way
for a person to interact as a social being. Humans are individual beings and at the same time
are social beings. As a social being, it can be ascertained that humans are said to live
perfectly if they carry out human social interactions, they must be faced with various
problems, obstacles, challenges and disturbances in achieving their life goals or life goals.
(M.Habib, 1988: 180)
The development of social media has been very rapid in the last period of time, social
media is one of the means to expand socialization and get a lot of information. It helps one to
meet old friends and get to know new ones, bringing distance to friends who are in different
regions. Now we can stay connected no matter where in the world we are. In its development,
communication tools such as telephones have undergone various changes in form and
function, for example mobile phones. Nowadays mobile phones are no longer a luxury item
for modern society, various brands and types of mobile phones with various features are now
on the market. Mobile phones have become part of the lifestyle of modern society, from
children, teenagers, to parents, almost all of them have mobile phones. Various mobile phone
manufacturers began competing to create innovation after innovation to develop and perfect
mobile phone technology. One of the mobile phone innovation products that we are familiar
with at this time is the smartphone which is now a trend for most people.
Smartphones are a new technology that has become popular due to the effectiveness,
speed, and ease of access it offers, which is especially needed by people with high levels of
busyness and dependence on information both in daily life and at work. This smartphone
trend has also led to several positive and negative impacts among its users, which directly or
indirectly affect several aspects of life both psychologically and relationships between people
to raise the question "Is it true that smartphones make humans smarter?". The use of
smartphones has directly or indirectly changed the lifestyle of its users. In addition,
smartphones also increase the amount of internet access people have on a daily basis. It is
more likely for someone using a smartphone to access the internet on an ongoing basis than a
computer user. This has also led to negative tendencies such as opening porn sites, spreading
hoaxes or rumors, causing gossip, cyber bullying.
Information rotates globally in the form of virtual information via virtual networks or
the internet without ever coming into contact with the real world or reality, which is one of
the results of the sophistication and progress of man-made science and technology. The
development of communication technology does not only revolve around the real or reality
area, but also reaches the virtual or virtual world. A phenomenon that may often be
encountered and is common in real daily life, seen several children aged around 7-15 years
sitting in a row in front of a computer in an air-conditioned room with a very comfortable
seat and for hours on end they occasionally shout hysterically but not browsing but playing
online games. Or also like this, a family or a group of teenagers sitting together in a fast food
restaurant, café, city park, recreation area but each of them has almost no verbal
communication (voice) between them. They are each busy with their own gadgets surfing the
virtual world (whatsapp, chat, instagraman, facebook, twitter, etc.). There are also many
news reports in print and electronic media, which report on the misuse of social networking
sites. The case of a teenage boy who took away a teenage girl known through social
networking, defamation, and also the use of social networking as a venue for prostitution
among teenagers as well as accidents or cases of traffic collisions on the highway that occur
due to the use of cellphone electronics while driving, possibly because they are too engrossed
in the activities of playing their gadgets (chatting, liking, tweeting, posting) in the virtual
world. In United States, there have even been cases of teenagers being kidnapped and then
raped by unknown people through social networks. It can be said that the result of the
development of the virtual world and the large number of electronic goods and cell phones
equipped with internet applications and the many friendship sites or social media offered
while the readiness of individuals to process this information has not been able to keep up.
Lifestyles can change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Smartphones were originally designed for executives who need access to data and
the convenience of their work. In contrast, smartphone users in United States are dominated
by young people, even elementary school children. As we know, children and teenagers do
not have enough emotional maturity and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by
the outside environment. The executive group admitted to using smartphones for push email
access that allows them to access emails without the need to open a computer, as well as open
office features that are very supportive of people who work with data on a daily basis. This is
ironic for young people who use smartphones for their easy access to social networks and
Instant Messenger applications. Most smartphone users do not use smartphone features and
applications optimally.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
Social Media
Social media is an online medium where users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people around the
world. Social media is a link to expand socialization and get a lot of information in the
distance, space and time of receiving and sending messages quickly. Social media is part of
the existence of new media, namely media based on advanced technology, inseparable from
the development of communication tools such as telephones experiencing various changes in
the form, function, and communication patterns of society in this era of globalization as an
example is mobile phones / cellphones.
There are many new polemics in the virtual world / cyberspace, where every
individual can now access the internet at any time and then they tend to enter the social media
network and start to emphasize themselves to get a response from the audience connected to
them, in other words "narcissism" is what every individual wants to achieve. With today's
technology, individuals can create an image of themselves through social networking media.
It can be said that someone who often logs into social networks becomes more narcissistic.
This happens because a person is able to image, display and "advertise" himself for 24 hours
7 days a week as he wishes. The tendency that occurs due to this is the emergence of an
identity crisis, where social media encourages the birth of a "narcissistic" generation.
Audiences who are obsessed with themselves and have a desire for constant attention. This
generation can be said to be a mini-generation that must be constantly observed, scrutinized,
and admired by other users.
Teens
The word "adolescence" comes from the Latin word adolescene which means to grow. Many
figures who provide a definition of adolescence, such as De Brun (in Rice, 1990) defines
adolescence as a period of growth between childhood and adulthood. According to Papalia
and Olds (2001), adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and
adulthood that generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends in the late teens or early
twenties. According to Hurlock (1981) adolescents are those aged 12-18 years. Monks, et al
(2000) give the age limit of adolescence is 12-21 years. According to Stanley Hall (in
Santrock, 2003) adolescence is in the range of 12-23 years. Based on the boundaries given by
experts, it can be seen that the start of adolescence is relatively the same, but the end of
adolescence varies greatly. Some are even known as extended adolescence, and shortened
adolescence.
According to Witherington (in Dadang, 1995) adolescence is divided into two phases,
namely what is called "early adolescence" or "pre adolensence", which ranges from 12-15
years of age and "late adolescence" or "late adolensence", which is between 15-18 years of
age. Other divisions proposed by Gilmer as follows: 1) Pre adolescence, which is the age of
10-13 years. 2) Early adolescence, which is 13-17 years. 3) Late adolescence, which is 18-21
years. This applies to men who usually reach maturity later than girls, while for women who
usually mature faster the division is: 1) Pre adolescence comes at the age of 10 and 11 years.
2) Early adolescence between the ages of 12-16 years, and 3) Late adolescence between the
ages of 17-21 years Early adolescence is characterized by the following:
Physical growth is rapid compared to earlier periods, especially growth in height and
weight and general changes in the proportions of various body parts. In addition,
there are changes in the sex glands.
In this change, adolescents begin to make social adjustments. They like to live in
groups. Gender awareness increases. Interest in sex begins to arise, making it easier
to carry out social activities cooperatively.
They begin to consider values. Falsehoods and lies are quickly recognized by them.
In their actions, they often want to be justified by their parents.
At school they do a lot of investigation in the world of music, art, crafts, drama and
others. At this age, the ability to learn, understand relationships, learn more complex
things, be able to make generalizations, be able to think about abstract things, their
interest in themselves and others is greater. They are critical, both of themselves and
of others.
Late adolescence is characterized by the following:
Life selection is starting to get a lot of attention
There is already specialization based on the talents being studied
Tendency to determine the type of work that he/she will choose as a means of
earning a living
Choosing a life partner and thinking about family matters
Being careful in the choice of clothes and grooming is related to the realization that
dressing and grooming well will be attractive not only to the opposite sex, but also to
friends of the same sex.
If at the age of early adolescence the attitudes and actions are all rigid, then this
rigidity in late adolescence has been abandoned (lost).
Economic security and freedom. They are no longer economically dependent on
their parents, but can earn their own money to support themselves.
They begin to think about social, moral, economic and religious responsibilities.
Perspectives on life broaden, values begin to emerge, notions are further refined and
deepened.
They have truly become young men and women. A sense of the responsibilities of
manhood and womanhood as adult human beings begins to emerge Teenagers are
familiar with the virtual world
The rapid emotional increase that occurs in early adolescence is known as the period
of storm and stress. In terms of social conditions, this increase in emotion is a sign of that
adolescents are in a new condition that is different from the previous period. At this time
many demands and pressures are placed on adolescents, for example they are expected to no
longer act like children, they must be more independent and responsible.
Changes in interests and relationships with others. During adolescence many of the
things of interest to the self brought over from childhood are replaced with new and more
mature things of interest. This is also due to the greater responsibilities of adolescence, so
adolescents are expected to be able to direct their interests to more important things. Changes
in values, where what they considered important in childhood becomes less important as they
approach adulthood. Most adolescents are ambivalent in dealing with the changes that occur.
On the one hand they want freedom, but on the other hand they are afraid of the
responsibilities that accompany this freedom, and doubt their own ability to assume these
responsibilities. It can be said that adolescence is a time of identity crisis or a search for
identity and self-character.
Some characteristics of adolescents that can cause various problems in adolescents,
namely:
•
Emotional instability.social awkwardness and rigidity of movement.
•
A feeling of emptiness due to a change in outlook and direction in life.
•
Defiance and defiance of parents.
•
The conflicts within themselves are often the root cause of conflicts with their
parents.
•
The anxiety of wanting many things but not being able to fulfill them all.
•
Love to experiment.
•
Love to explore.
•
Have a lot of fantasies, fantasies, and fantasies.
•
Tendency to form groups and tendency to group activities.
Based on a review of developmental theory, adolescence is a time of rapid change,
including fundamental changes in cognitive, emotional, social and achievement aspects
(Fagan, 2006). Some adolescents are able to cope well with this transition, but most
adolescents may experience a decline in psychological, physiological, and social conditions.
Adolescent problems that arise usually have a lot to do with the characteristics of self-identity
and existence in the person.
Expanded Communication Medium (Technology)
In accordance with observations of the phenomena that occur on the development of
the internet. The internet stands as a comprehensive technoscience universe that exemplifies
'cyberspace' (holmes, 2012). The enormous role of sub-media such as the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its ability to facilitate complexity, the internet provides a medium that is
unparalleled in terms of its potential and scope. The assumption that the internet and
interactive technologies in general have embedded themselves in the substance of the
everyday existence of individuals living in the information society has deprived face to face
communication of the ability to be justified in the world of cyberspace.
The definition of gadget as a new object in the form of an item or a new tool is often
an expression in indicating a newly created tool / item, launched and facilitating human
activities. The calculator in its era can be said to be a gadget, because the calculator in its
time was very helpful in doing calculations for users who needed quick access in achieving
an accurate calculation result. In information technology, it can also be said to be a gadget,
such as computers, laptops, cellphones, or electronic goods that help facilitate public access
in finding information in a certain context. Like a Smartphone is a development device from a
telephone / cellphone that can be used to access information. It allows for communication as
well as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) functions and has the capabilities of a computer. A
mobile phone is a communication tool that can be carried around to connect one person with
another when remotely. Everyone already has a cellphone, from small children to parents,
from school children to people who are already working. Nowadays, mobile phones are very
important for human life and have become part of the lives of its users.
Lifestyles may change, but these changes should still be reasonable and not cause a
shift in prevailing values. Lifestyle changes should not conflict with morals, religion, and
decency. Self-control is also needed to prevent social deviance caused by gadget use. Most
gadget users do not use smartphone features and applications optimally. The executive group
admitted to using it for push email access that allows them to access emails without the need
to open with a computer, as well as open office features that are very supportive of people
who work with data every day. This is ironic with young users who only use gadgets for their
easy access to social networks and Instant Messenger applications. Most of them use it just
because they follow their friends, or because they are influenced by trends and developments,
or because they were given it by their parents. They do not properly understand and know the
function of the gadget itself.
The presence of various kinds of communication and electronic devices in society,
functions no longer out of necessity but as part of the lifestyle of the industrial revolution 4.0
era. This makes it easier to get various access to information data without being filtered or
controlled. Because the users of this technological development in United States are mostly
dominated by young people, even elementary school to high school / vocational school age
children. As we know, children and adolescents do not have sufficient emotional maturity
and moral knowledge, so they are easily influenced by the outside environment. Most of them
use smartphones just because they follow friends, or are influenced by trends and times. They
do not understand the function of the electronic and communication devices (smartphones)
themselves.
Research Methods
This research approach uses a case study approach to persuasion communication of
virtual existence on social media. In research design: Qualitative & Quantitative
Approaches; explained that case study is a research strategy that examines an object in depth
(Creswell, 1994; 343). The case study used is a single case study. The design model used in
this design is a procedural design model, which is a descriptive model, which outlines the
steps that must be followed to produce a product. According to (Arikunto, 1998: 245) in
general, descriptive research is non-hypothesis research. So that in the research steps there is
no need to formulate a hypothesis.
The word qualitative implies an emphasis on process and meaning that is not
rigorously studied or has not been measured (if at all) in terms of quantity, number, intensity,
or frequency. Qualitative researchers emphasize the socially constructed nature of reality, the
close relationship between the researcher and the subject under study, and the pressure of the
situation that shapes the investigation. Such researchers are concerned with the value-laden
nature of inquiry. value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that highlight
the way in which social experience emerges as well as the acquisition of meaning.
Quantitative research, on the other hand, emphasizes the measurement and analysis of cause-
and-effect relationships between variables rather than processes. Inquiry is seen as being
within a value-free framework (Denzin, 2009:6).
Qualitative research has characteristics that are rooted in a natural setting as a whole,
relying on humans as research tools (instruments), utilizing qualitative methods, conducting
data analysis inductively, directing the target at trying to find the basic theory, being
descriptive, more concerned with the process than the results, limiting the study with focus,
having criteria for checking data validity, the research design is temporary, and the research
results are negotiated and agreed upon together (Moleong, 2006: 44). Meanwhile, the way to
obtain data from qualitative methods is by observation, interview, or document review
(Moleong, 2006: 9). The application of this qualitative method, the data collected is in the
form of words, pictures and not numbers. In addition, everything collected has the possibility
of being the key to what has been researched (Moleong, 2006: 11). The data can be in the
form of interview scripts, field notes, photos, videotapes, personal documents, and other
official documents. The approach is the scope of the research, related to the aspects that will
be revealed in the research. The approach will frame what objects might be revealed in the
research. That is why the approach is also often called the research method. The research
method is the method chosen by the researcher by considering the characteristics of teenagers
in carrying out their existence through virtual persuasion communication on digital platforms
or social media. The method should raise an operational way of research. This method
requires research steps that are appropriate to follow. The techniques relate to the process of
data collection and research analysis (Endraswara, 2008: 8).
The writing of this paper uses a descriptive method of analysis. Descriptive methods
can be used to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the facts and
characteristics of the population or region. The effort to describe these facts in the initial
stage is aimed at trying to express the symptoms completely in the aspect being investigated,
so that the situation or condition is clearer. Therefore at this stage the descriptive method is
nothing more than research that is fact finding. Descriptive can also be intended to expose a
study in detail and clearly accompanied by argumentation or proof. Analysis is intended to
describe or conduct an investigation of an event to find out all aspects contained in the object.
So, descriptive analysis is a research method that reveals about objects in a descriptive form
accompanied by an analysis of everything through a predetermined approach.
The easiest, most common, and widely used analysis is SWOT analysis, which is an
analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As the following definition.
SWOT analysis is a review of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that will
affect the successful promotion of a product, service or company. (Sadjiman Ebdi Sanyoto,
2006: 44) SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the strengths,
weaknesses, opponents and threats included in a project or in a business speculation. It
involves a specific object of business speculation or project and identifies the internal factors
and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable in achieving that object. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal conditions as a basis for this media design, while opportunities and
threats are external factors for media design. The purpose of this SWOT analysis is to find
out the strengths of the media design any possibilities that are thought to be the basis for
concept development.
Strength:
Not many have campaigned or socialized to think wisely and carefully address
excessive addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace. So that it can make people
realize the importance of real interaction between individuals
Weakness:
People are aware of being able to think wisely and carefully address the excessive
addiction to the virtual world or cyberspace through effective and creative media that
can touch the hearts of the audience.
Opportunity:
Observing from various print and electronic media about negative news due to the
frequency of communicating and interacting with the virtual world in the existence of
adolescents, this is a basic opportunity to find out how adolescent existence is formed
by adolescents to achieve what they want.
Threath:
The real threat is to foster a positive perception to the audience about the cause and
effect of being too present in the media, the intended goal is to make people aware of
the importance of real interaction between individuals.
According to Rangkuti (2005: 19) SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of
various factors to formulate strategies, based on logic that can maximize strengths
(Sthrengths) and opportunities (Opportunities), and can simultaneously minimize weaknesses
(Weaknesses) and threats (Threats). So, SWOT analysis compares external factors of
Opportunities and Threats with internal factors of Strengths and Weaknesses.
The description of the SWOT Matrix according to Rangkuti (2005: 20) is as follows:
•
S-O strategy: this is a favorable situation. The company has opportunities and
strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that must
be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth
oriented strategy).
•
S-T strategy: in this situation the company faces various threats, but still has internal
strengths. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to use strengths to take
advantage of long-term opportunities by means of a diversification strategy (product /
market).
•
W-O strategy: in this situation the company faces great market opportunities, but also
faces some internal constraints/weaknesses. The focus of the strategy in this situation
is to minimize internal problems so as to seize better market opportunities.
•
W-T strategy: this is an unfavorable situation, so the company must face various
internal threats and weaknesses.
The concept of this research will emphasize the S-O strategy, namely making
strengths and taking advantage of existing opportunities as the basis for developing concepts
for wise and careful social campaign activities later. The strategy created by teenagers by
utilizing strengths and opportunities in seeking existence in shaping the image. they do this
by posting activities, through the accounts they have (Instagram, Facebook, WA status, etc.).
in early adolescence they do this for reasons of wanting to be seen by other friends, and some
even deliberately do this to be known by others. For middle adolescents, the existence
activities they do have begun to be strategic in the activation of posts. because most middle
adolescents already have an interest in existence recognition, when posting an activity must
have prestige value. because they really need that recognition. This also happens for late
adolescents, who are very ambitious in recognizing themselves in certain groups, even a
sense of having to compete in doing existence so that (rival) other audiences feel rivaled by
the activities they deliberately publish on social media accounts.
Teenagers who have a high desire for existence do not care about threats by providing
information related to their privacy space in the context of existence, even the assumption
arises that the more followers they have the more existent the account owner is. consideration
of the posts made that offend others or not becomes unimportant, what is prioritized is that
the audience knows what they are doing and will do for recognition on social media as a
place of self-actualization. Conflicts often arise in adolescents who desperately seek self-
actualization on social media, disputes arise because the perceptions that the account owner
wants to convey are different from what the recipient of the message captures. the conflicts
that arise even lead to physical contact when they meet in real life. The problem of crime,
daring to compete, complaining freely, is the cause and effect of posts that trigger disputes
because these teenagers do not consider the effects of posting activities for self-actualization
on social media.
The essence of the message from the problems that arise in the case of teenage
existence on social media is to remember the nature of humans as social beings who cannot
be separated from social interaction. Humans as social beings who cannot be separated from
the help and attention of others, the desire to exist and be noticed by other people is very
possible. With the existence of human social networks, it is easier to socialize, but the
socialization carried out through social media is mostly unbalanced, they tend to enter the
screen / virtual culture rather than real socialization, they should be able to balance between
social interactions so that the nature of human beings as social beings will not become
individualists.
Conclusion
The development of today's information age has turned humans into digital humans
whose relationships and communication no longer take place naturally but through the
mediation of digital technology, namely by electronic places (telephone, cellphone, sms,
television) or virtual space (internet). Such changes in the times have always been dealt with.
Likewise in creating harmonious relationships between fellow humans in order to make life
more memorable.
The presence of virtual social spaces provides a new perspective in understanding the
development of media technology. This virtual / online social space is useful for exploring
and channeling all information without paying attention to the boundaries of the real world
space. Social media as an inevitable phenomenon of internet development must be placed
wisely and carefully in its use so as not to neglect social life in the real world.
The problem here is not only as a design science material to solve a problem and also
for life reflection but can make individuals better and wiser in using social media in today's
globalization era in utilizing technology.
