summarize the attached article as a PowerPoint presentation on Ethics topic
Yamile1468
WritinganArticleSummary.pptxWriting an Article Summary
Goal
The goal of an article summary is to give the reader the highlights of the article, without making them read the whole thing.
While there may be detail missing, the major information should be there.
Please see the following template to base your summary.
Background
You cannot give all of the background from the article, however you can give a few sentences to a couple paragraphs taking the reader through the past research that has led to this project. What is the hole in the research, the question that hasn’t been asked yet. That is what this paper is going to do, so you should end with the questions being asked by this article.
Example (not from a real article; all of this is made up and may not be true):
Bilingualism is an issue in the US right now due to the large number of speakers of languages other than English. Past research has shown that children who are bilingual have cognitive strengths not found in monolingual speakers. For example, bilingual children are less rigid in their thinking, more willing to learn a new skill, and are quicker to learn said skill. However, most of the research in the US had focused on bilinguals who are highly proficient in both languages. Sometimes the child’s first language is no longer spoken, but the question remains whether these children still have the benefits seen in other bilingual children. This study works to answer that question by focusing on students who speak English and another language that is not spoken in the community.
Procedures
This section is subdivide. Depending on the particular study, you may not have all of these areas. Also, you might have to divide this over multiple slides, depending on what is included in the paper.
Subjects/Participants
How many? Were they in groups (and if so, how were they divided)? Did they have to meet any criteria (inclusionary criteria) or make sure they didn’t meet others (exclusionary criteria)? Do the authors give you other information about them (e.g., country of birth, test scores, etc.)?
If you need to make space, you might need to cut some of this. If that is the case, try to just keep the information that was relevant to the study.
Stimuli/Materials
Did they use any tests? Did they create materials? What words did the child read/tests did they take/activities did they do? What is it that they did that got measured?
Procedure
What did the experiment consist of? Was there a pre-test, a post-test, a training, a model, feedback? All of this is important because the reader cannot interpret the results if they do not know what was done.
Analysis
Some articles will tell you how they analyzed the data, either the stats or the actual performance. If they do, include it here.
Results
What did they find? You do not need to put in the stats, but you need to talk about their findings.
One common error is to only discuss one finding. Usually they talk about a few. It is okay to say A, B, and C were not significant, but D and E were.
Make sure that you especially include and discuss the results that answer the question you talked about in the beginning. That was their primary question, so they should have answered it!
Conclusion
What does this all mean? The authors will typically have a section that talks about what this means to the question, the research community, the profession, etc. Why are these findings important.
Typically, you will briefly restate the finding before you talk about its importance.
Other
What is an experimental article?
Make sure your article is not just talking about relevant issues or summarizing other articles (literature review). Instead, it must have a question, subjects who did some procedure, results, and a discussion. Without these sections, it is not an experimental article.
Including impact
Sometimes you are asked how this paper will affect your future practice. In this case, make sure to be specific about how YOU will be affected. How will use this information or how will practice differently now that you know it?
Critique
Sometimes you are asked to critique an article. In this case, you should identify parts of the article or experiment that were confusing or you feel were not done correctly. Often, you will also be asked to expand on what was done. You might suggest future research or ways to redo this experiment.
