4-3 chart

Condition or health issues

Description Prevalence or incidence Trends (for example, decreasing, staying the same, increasing) Degree of severity in different groups Risk factors (for example, socioeconomic conditions, age, gender, specific ethnic groups, geographical region, marital status, lifestyle) Overview of prevention and treatment methods Most common causes and symptoms Comorbidities (if relevant) Quality-of-life issues  

Key groups or stakeholders

Identify key groups and stakeholders (primary and secondary audiences) of the health communication program State reasons for prioritizing engagement of specific groups over others (for example, in the case of multiple key groups and limited program resources that set the need for prioritizing

Social and political determinants of health

Predominant health beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors within a given group Social norms Existing policies, laws, and regulations Trends and other factors that may influence the intervention’s ability to address the health issue (for example, social, economic, demographic, political) Key characteristics of the living, working, and aging environment (social determinants of health) Access to services and information, such as primary care services, transportation, nutritious food, parks, recreational facilities, and other essential resources

Audience profile and segmentation

Key characteristics of primary and secondary audiences, including health beliefs, attitudes, behaviors, lifestyle issues, demographics, socioeconomic conditions, and geographical factors Audience segments (by behavioral and social stage and other common characteristics)

Demographics and epidemiology

Cultural considerations

Is there a secondary audience? Who?

Secondary audiences should be identified by using a similar process and include all groups (for example, family members, health care providers, peers, student associations, community centers, religious leaders, and others) that may have an influence on the primary audiences.

Motivation of population (using a theory to back up response)

Predisposing factors, enabling factors, and reinforcing factors (PERF)

Predisposing factors—the individual’s knowledge, attitudes, behavior, beliefs, and values before intervention that affect willingness to change

Enabling factors—factors in the environment or community of an individual that facilitate or present obstacles to change Reinforcing factors—the positive or negative effects of adopting the behavior (including social support) that influence continuing the behavior

Barriers

Describe overall barriers to program implementation and proposed change

Cultural competence

The ability to relate to other people’s values, feelings, and beliefs across different cultures, and effectively address such differences as part of all interaction