Capstone Project Assignment 3: Draft Mini Literature Review

Capstone Project: Bibliography on Childhood and Adult Immunization

Adetoun Bakare

HLTH 4900: Capstone

Prof. Montrece Ransom

Walden University

April 25, 2019

Childhood and Adult Immunization

The Healthy People 2020 aims at reaching a health population by 2020. The strategies involved research and developing vaccination and immunization schedule for the most prevalent disease in the world. According to Healthy People 2020, vaccines have ability to destroy all pathogens causing diseases in the body system and give the immunity system strength to fight any entry. In this capstone project paper, the importance of disease vaccination and immunization in childhood and adults will be discussed. The paper will also address problems that arise due to improper vaccination, effect of education and awareness on reducing incidences of diseases and improving quality of healthcare and barriers that face early vaccination, their effects on healthcare system, population and solutions to the barriers. In order to attain the above objective, it is imperative to establish the sources of literature that will support it. This paper therefore aims at searching for eight literature sources that will be used to accomplish the assignment.

Attia, A. C., Wolf, J., & Núñez, A. E. (2018). On surmounting the barriers to HPV vaccination: we can do better. Annals of medicine, 50(3), 209-225.

According to Attia et al. (2018), increasing vaccine uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) depends on increasing healthcare providers. Changing the administration of the vaccine to penile, oropharyngeal cancer and anal prevention therapy in the population will increase it uptake in the general population. This information is vital in repackaging awareness campaigns aimed at increasing HPV vaccine uptake in male and female.

Bedford, H., Attwell, K., Danchin, M., Marshall, H., Corben, P., & Leask, J. (2018). Vaccine hesitancy, refusal and access barriers: The need for clarity in terminology. Vaccine, 36(44), 6556-6558.

According to the Bedford et al. (2018), sub-optimal coverage of vaccination uptake in the world is at stake. They stated that vaccination barriers include access to the healthcare facilities among other pragmatics in the society. Understanding the knowledge level of the population in terms of vaccine hesitancy will help identify the barriers, measure them and develop appropriate intervention to counter the barrier. This information is vital in understanding the role of vaccine knowledge on childhood vaccination.

Chakravarthi, P. S., Ganta, A., Kattimani, V. S., & Tiwari, R. V. (2016). Adult immunization—Need of the hour. Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry, 6(4), 272.

According to Chakravarthi et al. (2016), immunization stabilizes immunity system of an individual. This is common in childhood, but few cases are known in adulthood. The aim of the study was to determine the disease preventive strategies available for adult immunization. The results established that there are several adulthood immunizations that aim at preventing hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human papilloma virus (HPV) infections. The study concluded that knowledge in the available adulthood immunization should be made available in order to increase uptake and immunization benefits. Increased immunization uptake will reduce treatment burden and increase strategy productivity.

Corben, P., & Leask, J. (2016). To close the childhood immunization gap, we need a richer understanding of parents' decision-making. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 12(12), 3168-3176.

According to Corben and Leask (2016), vaccination is a recommendable global healthcare intervention. In childhood, immunization rates are moderately high in high-income countries yet the global targets remain low despite efforts to increase uptake. The study found out that parents play a vital role in making decision for children immunization. Low knowledge of the program, safety and effectiveness reduced the uptake. The study concluded that awareness of the program increases uptake. This information is important in establishing strategies that will increase immunization uptake in high-income countries.

Jackson, C., Bedford, H., Cheater, F. M., Condon, L., Emslie, C., Ireland, L., ... & Overend, K. (2017). Needles, Jabs and Jags: a qualitative exploration of barriers and facilitators to child and adult immunisation uptake among Gypsies, Travellers and Roma. BMC public health, 17(1), 254.

According to Jackson et al. (2017), improving immunization uptake calls for understanding the factors that supports or hinders the intervention in communities. The study aimed at investigating barriers to travelers and facilitators uptake of immunization in UK. The difference in the barriers across communities and in adult and childhood vaccination was also investigated. The results established that language barrier, discrimination and illiteracy were major barriers to immunization across all communities. The study concluded that increasing traveler family’s immunization intake will demand facing out the existing barriers among them. This information is important in developing strategies that will address barriers in immunization among Traveler communities in UK.

Kim, Y. K., LaFon, D., & Nahm, M. H. (2016). Indirect effects of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in national immunization programs for children on adult pneumococcal disease. Infection & chemotherapy, 48(4), 257-266.

According to Kim et al. (2016), pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is a replacement for pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. This has caused a decline in the pneumococcal disease. The results found out that the vaccine has reduced the disease prevalence both unvaccinated and vaccinated children in the world. This information in important in promoting immunization against pneumococcal disease in children.

Robison, S. G., & Osborn, A. W. (2017). The concordance of parent and child immunization. Pediatrics, 139(5), e20162883.

According to Robison and Osborn (2017), understanding parents’ immunization behaviour will reveal the dogma in children immunization acceptance. In their research, Robison and Osborn (2017) established that parents that were immunized for influenza, increased chances for their children undertaking immunization. It concluded that immunization behaviour of parents influenced positively the immunization behaviour of their children. This information in vital in strategizing on the interventions that will increase immunization uptake in the world populations.

Slike, B. M., Creegan, M., Marovich, M., & Ngauy, V. (2017). Humoral immunity to primary smallpox vaccination: impact of childhood versus adult immunization on vaccinia vector vaccine development in military populations. PloS one, 12(1), e0169247.

According to Slike et al. (2017), modified Vaccina virus is safe and has a platform of immunogenic vector, which can be used in HIV vaccination in military. They state that smallpox humoral immunity vaccination has a long lasting and is protective. They noted that vaccinia-vectored vaccine use on pre-existing immunity limits a vaccine platform use in military. The aim of this study was to examine the durability of the vaccine antibody in adult military population based on novel dentritic assay of cell neutralization and standard ELISA assay. The results revealed that the response of binding and antibody neutralizer response to vaccine in adult military personnel diminished within 5-10 years. In children response decreased after 10-20 years. The study concluded that childhood vaccination has a longer durability compared to adult vaccination. This information is important in smallpox vaccination schedule in children. It will be used to support the ongoing research on viral vector of smallpox in military vaccination.

References

Attia, A. C., Wolf, J., & Núñez, A. E. (2018). On surmounting the barriers to HPV vaccination: we can do better. Annals of medicine, 50(3), 209-225.

Bedford, H., Attwell, K., Danchin, M., Marshall, H., Corben, P., & Leask, J. (2018). Vaccine hesitancy, refusal and access barriers: The need for clarity in terminology. Vaccine, 36(44), 6556-6558.

Chakravarthi, P. S., Ganta, A., Kattimani, V. S., & Tiwari, R. V. (2016). Adult immunization—Need of the hour. Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry, 6(4), 272.

Corben, P., & Leask, J. (2016). To close the childhood immunization gap, we need a richer understanding of parents' decision-making. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 12(12), 3168-3176.

Jackson, C., Bedford, H., Cheater, F. M., Condon, L., Emslie, C., Ireland, L., ... & Overend, K. (2017). Needles, Jabs and Jags: a qualitative exploration of barriers and facilitators to child and adult immunisation uptake among Gypsies, Travellers and Roma. BMC public health, 17(1), 254.

Kim, Y. K., LaFon, D., & Nahm, M. H. (2016). Indirect effects of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in national immunization programs for children on adult pneumococcal disease. Infection & chemotherapy, 48(4), 257-266.

Robison, S. G., & Osborn, A. W. (2017). The concordance of parent and child immunization. Pediatrics, 139(5), e20162883.

Slike, B. M., Creegan, M., Marovich, M., & Ngauy, V. (2017). Humoral immunity to primary smallpox vaccination: impact of childhood versus adult immunization on vaccinia vector vaccine development in military populations. PloS one, 12(1), e0169247.