Social Anxiety

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How do these main themes relate to your Capstone problem?

1. Abbasi, F., Shariati, K., & Tajikzadeh, F. (2018). Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Neurofeedback: Reducing Anxiety Symptoms. Archives of Neuroscience, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.5812/archneurosci.62341

Yes

Results: In the current study, the results showed that both CBT and NF treatment methods were effective in reducing social anxiety.

The themes show that the lack of treatment can result in people becoming debilitated in different situations. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a treatment that targets cognitive and behavioral factors resulting anxiety.

2. Angélico, A. P., Crippa, J. A. d. S., & Loureiro, S. R. (2013). Social anxiety disorder and social skills: A critical review of the literature. International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy, 7(4), 16-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0100961

Yes

Angélico et al. (2013) emphasize the need to focus on SAD as there are various aspects that should be dealt with in concern to the optimization of improvement of the conditions of individuals experiencing the condition. Angélico et al. (2013) look at the aspect of social skills in relation to the topic

Angélico et al. (2013) explicitly define the elements that are involved in the condition, including the specific types of deficits that are part of the condition. The key types entail the acquisition deficit, performance deficit and fluency deficit.

3. Butler, R. M., O’Day, E. B., Swee, M. B., Horenstein, A., & Heimberg, R. G. (2021). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder: Predictors of Treatment Outcome in a Quasi-Naturalistic Setting. Behavior Therapy, 52(2), 465–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2020.06.002

Yes

The ideas and themes of this articles defines and describes social anxiety disorder.

Although CBT for SAD has been shown to be effective in randomized controlled trials, there are few reports of naturalistic or quasi-naturalistic trials. Further research should evaluate whether a more flexible CBT approach is still effective in less controlled clinical settings.

4. Collins, K. A., Westra, H. A., Dozois, D. J., & Burns, D. D. (2004). Gaps in accessing treatment for anxiety and depression: Challenges for the delivery of care. Clinical Psychology Review, 24(5), 583–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2004.06.001

Yes

Collins et al. reviews studies of depression and anxiety disorders and the barriers to treatment.

The study shows the history and progress of the treatment for anxiety and the directions that can be pursued to bridge the gap between disorder and effective treatment.

5. Grumet, R., & Fitzpatrick, M. (2016). A case for integrating values clarification work into cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 26(1), 11-21. doi:10.1037/a0039633

Yes

Social anxiety disorder is a debilitating psychological disorder that can be treated using cognitive behavioral therapy. Clients' values should be clarified in order to enhance motivation to engage in anxiety-inducing exposure interventions, and commitment to behaving in ways consistent with their values.

This article discusses the integration of values clarification work from an ACT framework into CBT treatment for social anxiety disorder. The work has application to CBT in general, but it is particularly relevant for social anxiety disorder.

6. Kivity, Y., Cohen, L., Weiss, M., Elizur, J., & Huppert, J. D. (2021). The role of expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal in cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder: A study of self-report, subjective, and electrocortical measures. Journal of Affective Disorders, 279, 334–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.021

Yes

Kivity et al. (2021) address the forms of therapy that are involved in the treatment of social anxiety disorder. The central theme is utilizing methods that go away from the traditional basis of using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to address issues to do with anxiety disorder.

Kivity et al. (2021) provides insight on the outcomes of regulation of emotions when using CBT as it determines there is the removal of the initial reliance on suppression of the emotions among individuals with SAD. There are considerations of the increase in reappraisal among patients using CBT. The study also shows that outcomes may vary depending on the type of CBT that is used The study also clearly shows that there is a need for further studies on the role of suppression (Kivity et al., 2021).

7. Kodal, A., Fjermestad, K., Bjelland, I., Gjestad, R., ÖSt, L. G., Bjaastad, J. F., Haugland, B. S., Havik, O. E., Heiervang, E., & Wergeland, G. J. (2018). Long-term effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for youth with anxiety disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 53, 58–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2017.11.003

Yes

Computerized cognitive behavioral therapy may be especially useful in treating social anxiety because it is less expensive and more accessible than traditional psychotherapy.

Some users may be willing to pay money in order to access ICBT interventions such as Overcome Social Anxiety.

8. Michail, M., Birchwood, M., & Tait, L. (2017). Systematic Review of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder in Psychosis. Brain Sciences (2076-3425), 7(5), 45. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.3390/brainsci7050045

Yes

Michail et al. (2017) Although cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) has shown to be effective for the treatment of social anxiety in non-psychotic populations and that there is a lack of evidence on the clinical effectiveness of CBT for the treatment of social anxiety when this is co-morbid in psychosis.

Michail et al (2017) shows there is lack of evidence on the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy for the treatment of co-morbid symptoms of psychosis. The evidence on the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapy for social anxiety and other co-morbidities of psychosis.

9. McCall, H. C., Helgadottir, F. D., Menzies, R. G., Hadjistavropoulos, H. D., & Chen, F. S. (2019). Evaluating a Web-Based Social Anxiety Intervention Among Community Users: Analysis of Real-World Data. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(1), e11566. https://doi.org/10.2196/11566

Yes

Despite high prevalence rates of anxiety and depression in North America, only a small percentage of these individuals access effective treatment. This article describes the main factors contributing to the undertreatment of anxiety and depression, and suggests ways to enhance access to treatment.

Epidemiological studies demonstrate that anxiety and depression are highly prevalent and associated with a significant burden in North American society. There is a need for effective treatments for these disorders in order to improve the quality of life and reduce the economic burden for society.

10. Ouimet, A. J., & Ferguson, R. J. (2019). Innovations and advances in cognitive behavioral therapy: Insights from experimental psychopathology. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 10(3), 204380871987496. https://doi.org/10.1177/2043808719874966

Yes

Experimental psychopathology is concerned with the underlying mechanisms of mental health disorders and the effects of these underlying mechanisms on psychological functioning. This type of research has led to important improvements in treatment for people with psychological disorders.

Although CBT is effective for some people, many more suffer with mental health problems and relapse following treatment. This Special Collection aims to advance this cause by investigating the mechanisms of psychopathology and developing ways to increase access to the treatment.

11. Powers, M. B., & Carlbring, P. (2016). Technology: Bridging the Gap from Research to Practice. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 45(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2016.1143201

Yes

Exposure therapy is effective for most people with anxiety disorders, but therapists still use their clinical experience instead of using research findings to improve their practice. Recent technology may help bridge the gap between what is known and what is available to patients.

To show how technology has advance CBT. Technology may help practitioners acquire the expert expertise required to treat mental disorders at a high level. Online training, computerized decision-making tools, and generalizable research may help advance cognitive behavioral therapy for mental health.

1. Sewart, A. R., Niles, A. N., Burklund, L. J., Saxbe, D. E., Lieberman, M. D., & Craske, M. G. (2019). Examining Positive and Negative Affect as Outcomes and Moderators of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder. Behavior Therapy, 50(6), 1112–1124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2019.07.001

Yes

The theory-relevant outcome measure for social anxiety symptoms in CBT is anxiety, while for quality of life the theory-relevant outcome measure for ACT is QOL.

CBT and ACT may influence both positive affect and negative affect differently and may also predict treatment outcomes for SAD. To show the positive and negative effects of CBT.

The traditional cognitive-behavioral approaches have not been found to significantly increase positive affect in individuals with depression (g = -0.004, 0.77), while it may improve positive affect in anxious individuals.

12. Shafran, R., Clark, D., Fairburn, C., Arntz, A., Barlow, D., Ehlers, A., Freeston, M., Garety, P., Hollon, S., Ost, L., Salkovskis, P., Williams, J., & Wilson, G. (2009). Mind the gap: Improving the dissemination of CBT. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47(11), 902–909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2009.07.003

yes

Shafran et al. (2009) shows that over the last 30 years evidence-based treatments for many psychiatric disorders have been developed, and there are several evidence-based treatments that are particularly effective for anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and unipolar depression.

Shafran et al. (2009) shows the history of evidence-based psychological treatments developed for a range of disorders, but are not well delivered in clinical care. Shafran et al. (2009) also shows the lack of empirically supported treatments available for anxiety disorders, unipolar depression, and eating disorders.

13. Singh, P., & Samantaray, N. N. (2021). Brief Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy and Verbal-Exposure-Augmented Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder in University Students: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 025371762110262. https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176211026250

Yes

Singh and Samantaray (2021) provides an overview of cognitive-behavioral formulations of social anxiety and a comparison of their effectiveness with pharmacological treatments.

Singh and Samantaray (2021) showed that unpleasantness ratings of SAD-related pictures decreased during treatment, and did not change from post-treatment to follow-up.

Singh and Samantaray (2021) compared the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy with psychopharmacological approaches shows that phenelzine, an anti-anxiety drug, and cognitive-behavioral therapy are equally effective, but that phenelzine is more effective in reducing anxiety and relapses than cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Cognitive behavioral therapy has better response rates in benzodiazepine use than cognitive behavioral therapy, and a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and benzodiazepine use has better outcome in long term use.

14. Spence, S. H., & Rapee, R. M. (2016). The etiology of social anxiety disorder: An evidence-based model. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 86, 50–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2016.06.007

Yes

Rapee and Spence's (2004) model of social anxiety disorder has been updated to include recent research demonstrating the complex interplay between genetic and biological influences, temperament, cognitive factors, peer relationships, parenting, adverse life events, and cultural variables that contribute to the development of social anxiety disorder.

To show the history and progress of CBT research over the years.

Rapee & Spence (2019) reviewed the etiology of social phobia in 2004, and now present a revised model to consider whether research over the intervening 11 years supports the model or if modifications are needed.

15. Stjerneklar, S., Hougaard, E., McLellan, L. F., & Thastum, M. (2019). A randomized controlled trial examining the efficacy of an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy program for adolescents with anxiety disorders. PLoS ONE, 14(9), 1–26. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222485

Yes

The theme of the article show how adolescents that suffer from anxiety disorders are often reluctant to seek professional help because of social stigma and privacy concerns. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in treating anxiety disorders, but is difficult to access in many countries.

To show the social stigma and privacy concerns with CBT