WK 2 Notes

2-1 JW (200 words with 1 reference)

In individualistic cultures, people act according to self-interest and personal preferences and think independence and self-sufficiency are very crucial. In collectivist cultures, groups are mainly significant—individuals are lesser. In these cultures, individuals accept the contributions of others to their existence. They could sacrifice self-interest to encourage the interest of the collective. formed on the writings of Triandis (1993), Bobbio and Sarrica (2009: 210), who directed their study in Italy, proposed that four attributes could differentiate individualistic and collectivist cultures: (a) independent or interdependent self-construal; (b) degree of importance given to personal or group goals; (c) priority of individual attitudes or social norms in guiding behaviors; [and] (d) focus on exchange relationships or communal relationships. Cultures that are considered individualistic incorporate the United States, Australia, and most Western countries. Most Asian countries, such as China, Japan, and Korea, are considered collectivists.

2-1 KK (200 words with 1 reference)

People who are within the individualistic culture generally look at themselves to be unique, and special, they have their own views of themselves based on their different attributes, and characteristics, these types of people would not change for anybody unless they seek to change (Abrams, 2015). They are who they are based on their views of themselves. People who are extremely confident do not let society dictate who they are this would be a good example. They don’t desire to fix into the cookie-cutter mold that society sets forth.

People in collectivistic culture are more influenced by society or the people around them (Abrams, 2015). People in this group see themselves how others see them. Even though they are independent they will change their mind about themselves if society views them differently. People who change their behavior, or their views based on the people they are around are a good example of collectivistic culture. They will mostly like behave differently based on the environment so they can fit in.

2-2 KK (200 words with 1 reference)

The cognitive model indicates that we associate our own positive events to internal causes, but negative ones to external causes because we hope to succeed (Branscombe, & Baron, 2017).

The motivational information indicates that the self-serving tendency stems from our need to protect and strengthen our self-esteem. Cognitive and motivational elements both play a part in the self-serving tendency. The self-serving tendency is limited in societies that put considerable emphasis on group outcomes and group cooperation. In comparison, the self-serving tendency is greater in Western societies in which people emphasize their achievements and it is considered appropriate for those that are successful to honor their achievements. An example of the self-serving tendency is vanity.

People with depression associate negative results to lasting internal causes such as their own character or inadequate abilities. However, these people associate positive outcomes to brief external causes. Like good luck or the assistance of others is an example (Branscombe & Baron, 2017). The outcome for these people with depression they lack or have very limited control over what takes place to them. While the depression worsens the destructive behavior will occur more.