Williams BIO 1300 Unit 5 Test

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Question 1

Which of the following is considered a ruderal species?

		One that is a strong competitor
		One that colonizes well
		One that is highly stress tolerant
		One that requires abundant resources

Question 2

Which of the following increase connectivity between patches?

		Edge effects
		Matrixes
		Boundaries
		Corridors

Question 3

A set of local populations that are linked by the dispersal of multiple, potentially interacting species is referred to as a(n):

		ecotone.
		archipelago.
		metapopulation.
		metacommunity.

Question 4

Which of the following are late successional species?

		Trees
		Grass
		Weeds
		Forbs

Question 5

What is an example of secondary succession?

		Grasses colonizing sand dunes
		Lichens colonizing a rock
		Weeds colonizing a volcanic lava flow
		Crabgrass colonizing an abandoned wheat field

Question 6

Match the question to the correct answer.

	The sequence of communities from the pioneer community to the climax community is called a(n) ________.
	Early successional species are referred to as ________ species.
	Succession that occurs on a site that was previously unoccupied by another community is called ________ succession.
	Environmental change is a direct result of the organisms within the ________ community.
	The patchwork of different types of land cover is called a(n) ________ .
	Strips of habitat that connect habitat patches are referred to as ________.
	Within a mosaic, a(n). ________ is a relatively homogeneous community type, differing from its surroundings in both structure and species composition.
	The ________ effect refers to the rich diversity of life that occurs along the border between adjacent habitat patches, represented by species from both adjacent patches and species adapted to edge habitats.
	A(n) ________ species lives within the borders of a habitat patch, avoiding edges where habitat change is abrupt.
	The degree to which the landscape facilitates or impedes the movement of organisms among patches is called ________.

A.	corridors
B.	connectivity
C.	mosaic
D.	primary
E.	Island biogeography
F.	community
G.	edge
H.	sere
I.	pioneer
J.	interior
K.	autogenic
L.	patch
M.	Intermediate disturbance

Question 7

Assuming primary succession, list the following plant groups in order from early-successional to late-successional.

shade tolerant trees

shrubs

lichen

shade-intolerant trees

grasses/herbaceous plants

Question 8

Explain the intermediate disturbance hypothesis as it relates to successional stages and species diversity. Your response should be at least 75 words in length.

Question 9

Explain the theory of island biogeography. What factors determine the rate of immigration (new species establishment) and extinction? Your response should be at least 200 words in length.