Can anyone help?
kathe72tnatts
weektwoipforsharonntepp.docxRUNNING HEADER: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
2
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Annotated Bibliography
Kathy Posey
Criminology and Public Policy
Professor: Sharon Ntepp
06/01/2018
Tonry, M., and Moore, M. (1998). Crime and justice: A review of research. Vol. 24,
Youth Violence. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Moore and Tonrys’ writing focused of youth violence. It’s history and path it has taken and possible issues that may have led to the behavior. The writers focus is on how youth crime has dominated current crime policy and what led to this. They state that the minds of youth aren’t fully developed and capable of acknowledging what they are doing and the consequences. Therefore, youth should be handled differently in the criminal justice system. Separate court policies, separate housing, and unique treatment that fits to the youth.
Hare, R., Frazelle J., and Cox, D. (1978). Psychopathy and Physiological Responses to Threat
of An Aversive Stimulus. Psychophysiology, 15, 165-172.
This book discusses tests that had been done on inmates in past times. One of the past (perhaps barbaric) tests utilized a 120dB tone test. This test delivers a high frequency sound. The aim of the testing was to study the different reactions of inmates. A selected group of inmates were divided based on the scores (high psychopathy/low scores & low psychopathy and high scores). Basically, the purpose was to study how psychopathy affects stress and reaction and how this may attribute to criminal behavior. Again, the writers wanted to address why and how youth’s needs are special.
Howell, James C., Krisberg, Barry J., Hawkins, David., and Wilson, John J, eds (1995). Serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offenders: A sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
Howell, Krisberg, Hawkins, and Wilson have compiled research studies pertaining to chronic
violent behaviors by juveniles. Hawkins’ (professor of psychological criminology) work has
been utilized by many policy makers in the attempt to understand juvenile crime and how to
address it. The book offered several models and proposals to curb youth crime. The focus is to
help them not punish them. Instead of incarceration (which often was with adults), youth are to
be handle separately and as young individuals capable of change. The juvenile courts were set
up to bypass the rigors of adult court and to assist in a guardian manner. In the juvenile
proceedings, there would be closed court, protection of their name, and if adjudicated they would
be housed separately from adults.
Snyder, Howard N., and Melissa Sickmund. (2006). Juvenile offenders and victims: 2006 national report. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
“Child Delinquents” is a booked that took over two-years from its infancy. Howard and
Sickmund (Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention) embarked on a journey to
better understand juvenile crime and causation and prevention. They gathered a group of 39
experts on juvenile crime and behavior. The book gives insight into genetics, social
development, and possible protective actions. Within the study, it looks at predetermined
factors as well as exposed environment factors. How do they all interact to create a potential
behavioral issue for the youth.
Shoemaker, Donald J. (2005). Theories of delinquency: An examination of explanations of delinquent behavior. 5th ed. New York: Oxford Univ. Press
Shoemakers’ writings have given beneficial insight to those who strive to understand juvenile
Delinquency behavior and crime. Shoemaker begins by addressing what is juvenile delinquency.
In addition, he covers the crime rate variances from the 80’s to the 90’s. Even though the crime
rates are lower in the 90’s, he states it is still a significant issue. He also addresses the question
“what kinds of behavior are considered a crime as a juvenile?”.
Loeber, Rolf., and David P. Farrington, eds. (1998). Serious and violent juvenile offenders: Risk factors and successful interventions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
Loeber and Farrington combined studies that deal with serious violent juvenile offenders.
Violent juvenile crimes include: homicide, robbery, rape, aggravated assault (assault with deadly weapon), and kidnapping. After all their research, Loeber and Farrington wanted to know what types of intervention is best to deter negative behavior. They felt that one major factor is the parents. Parents being cognizant of the teens actions and feelings. They feel that parents are the key to preventing, addressing, and resolving negative behavior. In the end, the parents should have more insight to their child’s behavior and should monitor it.
Howell, James C. (2003). Preventing and reducing juvenile delinquency: A comprehensive framework. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
A book that is considered valuable to policy makers and undergraduates was written by
James C. Howell. The book looks at the history and trends of programs to address
delinquency. Like many other authors of juvenile delinquency behavior/prevention, Howell
stresses the importance of parent involvement. With good parent involvement and adequate
intervention programs, youth have a fighting chance.
