Please answer the discussion posts 1-2 paragraphs

Amber Lopez-Gaxiola 

week 2

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Tobacco use is prevalent in non-Hispanic blacks, about 1 in 7 adults  or about 14.9% smoke cigarettes according to the CDC (2021).  Another population that is affected are white, non-Hispanics with about 15.5% of the population smoking (CDC, 2021).  Some of the health challenges of smoking tobacco are lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and coronary heart disease (West, R., 2017).  About 9 out of 10 lung cancer deaths are related to cigarettes and secondhand smoke exposure (CDC, 2021).  COPD usually emerges after long-term exposure to second hand smoke or smoking, and its related to about 8 out of 10 COPD related deaths.  About 38% of about 16 million adults in the U.S. who are diagnosed with COPD report current smoking (CDC, 2021).  Smoking causes 1 in every 4 deaths from cardiovascular disease, it lowers good cholesterol, raises triglycerides and makes blood more likely to clot (CDC, 2021).  For those that breathe secondhand smoke, have an increased probability to develop heart disease by 25-30%. 

Two of the most important aspects to create  a document easier to read are to use common words so that the audience reading it understand  the material and to use short sentences so it can be less confusing (Bensley & Brookins-Fisher, 2009). 

Materials that are culturally conducive are important because they can perceive the material to be incomprehensible or contrary to their beliefs, regardless of the content.  It is recommended to develop the message in the language intended as opposed to translating, which can end up losing its meaning or confusing the reader.  One strategy used by health educators is to use back translation, which essentially translates the materials in one language and then translates them back into the first language it was written in. 

The CDC has a section of matte articles on Tips from Former Smokers campaign designed for Hispanic/Latino communities.  The SMOG assessment conducted on the article revealed the material to be at grade level 9.This material does not comply with the recommended level 6th – 8th grade level.   The article did seem to address diversity towards the group it was created for, it included a toll free number to assist those trying to quit with a Spanish word so it is easy to remember and provided stories of two Hispanic women who were former smokers and shared their stories. 

References

 

Bensley, R. & Brookins-Fisher, J. (2009).  Community Health Education Methods: A Practical Guide.  Third Edition.  Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

 

Tips Campaign Matter Article for Hispanics/Latinos.  (2021, March 21).  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  Accessed July 16, 2021.  Retrieved from  https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/press/articles/tips-matte-article-hispanic.html

 

Tips from Former Smokers: African Americans.  (2021, March 21).  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  Accessed July 15, 2021.  Retrieved from  https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/african-american.html

 

Tips from Former Smokers: Burden of Cigarette Use in the U.S.  (2021, May 17).  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  Accessed July 15, 2021.  Retrieved from  https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/resources/data/cigarette-smoking-in-united-states.html#by_race

 

Tips from Former Smokers: Smoking and COPD.  (2021, February 15).  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  Accessed July 15, 2021.  Retrieved from  https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/copd.html

 

Tips from Fromer Smokers: Smoking and Heart Disease and Stroke.  (2021, February 15).  Accessed on July 15, 2021.  Retrieved from  https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/heart-disease-stroke.html

 

 

Ruby Navarro 

Week 2 Discussion 

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According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2019), American Indians/Alaska Natives have the most significant prevalence of cigarette smoking contrasted to all other racial or ethnic groups in the United States. The CDC reported that in 2007, 24% of American Indians/Alaska Native adults smoked cigarettes equated with 14% of total U.S. adults who smoked cigarettes. The CDC also reported that American Indians/Alaska Natives use tobacco for religious, ceremonial, and medical purposes; this is important to recognize between traditional and commercial use. Other health challenges that resulted from cigarette smoking by this group are lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of death among American Indians/Alaska Natives, whereas lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer. Diabetes is the fourth leading cause of death in this group, and the probability of getting diabetes is 30-40% higher for smokers than non-smokers (CDC, 2018). According to our textbook (Bensley & Brookins-Fisher), most readability formulas are established on a system that contrasts the number of sentences to the number of polysyllabic words within a section. An aspect that should be considered when determining readability is the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM). SAM provides a logical way to rate and review print materials in six categories. Those six categories are graphics, content, literacy demand, layout and typography, cultural appropriateness, stimulation, and motivation. SAM provides the most truthful picture of how easy or difficult a document could be read. 

The CDC Matte Articles are listed in our discussion; I chose the campaign matte article for people with mental health conditions. This article 10 sentences, in the beginning, middle, and end, a total of 30 sentences. I counted the words with three or more syllables. The total is 71, and found the total number of sentences and the corresponding conversion number in the SMOG Conversion Table 1. This result is at an 11th-grade level. 

 

References

American Indians/Alaska natives and tobacco use. (2019, November 25). Retrieved July 15, 2021, from https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/disparities/american-indians/index.htm

Bensley, R. J., & Brookins-Fisher, J. (2009). Community health education methods: A practical guide. Jones and Bartlett.

Matte articles. (2021, July 12). Retrieved July 15, 2021, from https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/press/articles/index.html

Tips campaign matte article for people with mental health conditions. (2021, March 01). Retrieved July 15, 2021, from https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/press/articles/tips-matte-article-mental-health.html

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