Week One Study Guide

Week One Study Guide Pages 11 through 58

_____ 1. Aurora Levins Morales writes that when she moved to Chicago, as Puerto

Rican girl in a big U.S. city, she acquired: a. skin tone. c. minority status. b. ethnic shade. d. social color.

_____ 2. The term, “________,” was invented to cover all those invited to partake of the colonial pie according to Aurora Levins Morales. a. “natural” c. “white” b. “citizen” d. “majority”

_____ 3. According to Omi and Winant, “Europeans wondered if the natives of the New World were indeed human beings with redeemable souls.” According to the authors, “At stake were not only the prospects for conversion but:” a. “the behavior towards them.” b. “the types of treatment to be accorded them.” c. “the degrees of kindness with which to treat them.” d. “how to handle them.”

_____ 4. What term do Omi and Winant use to refer to the process by which social, economic, and political forces determine the content and importance of racial categories? a. national structure c. ethnic construction b. cultural pattern d. racial formation

_____ 5. Omi and Winant refer to D. W. Griffith’s epic Birth of a Nation as “a sympathetic treatment” of the rise of what movement during Reconstruction that “helped to generate, consolidate and ‘nationalize’ images of blacks which had been more disparate before the film’s appearance.” a. the White Camellia c. the White League b. the Ku Klux Klan d. the Red Shirts

_____6. According to Omi and Winant, “The automation of southern agriculture and

the augmented labor demand of the postwar boom transformed blacks from a largely rural, impoverished labor force to a largely urban, working-class group by: a. 1977. c. 1970. b. 1968. d. 1957.

_____7. According to Pem Davidson Buck, to keep the racial categories separate, a

1691 law increased the punishment of European women who married African or Indian men; toward the end of the 1600s a white woman could be whipped or enslaved for: a. “marrying a Black.” c. “speaking to a Black.” b. “sleeping with a Black.” d. “being seen with a Black

_____8. According to Pem Davidson Buck, privilege encouraged Whites to identify with whom as members of the same ‘race’? a. The owners of large estates b. The Europeans who migrated to the new land c. The big slaveholding planters d. The upper crest of Boston

_____9. According to Pem Davidson Buck, who advocated the establishment of a

solid white Anglo-Saxon yeoman class of small farmers, who, as property owners, would acquire a vested interest in law and order and reject class conflict with the elite? a. John Adams c. James Madison b. Thomas Jefferson d. Benjamin Franklin

_____10. According to Pem Davidson Buck, many native white men and women,

including workers, journalists, scientists, and politicians, began discouraging married women from working for wages, claiming that true women: a. served only their own families.” b. were equal to any man alive.” c. were to be seen but not heard.” d. were above the wages that any man could pay her.”

_____11. How many European immigrants came to work in U.S. cities in the waves of migration after 1880 according to Karen Brodkin? a. 41 million c. 23 million b. 900,000 d. 57.2 million

_____12. According to Karen Brodkin, by the 1920s, scientific racism sanctified the notion that real Americans were white and that real whites came from: a. northwest Europe. c. southwest Europe. b. northern Asia. d. southern Israel.

_____13. What does Karen Brodkin consider is arguably the most massive affirmative action program in American history? a. The Wagner Act [1935 National Labor Relations Board] b. Executive Order 9808 [President’s Committee on Civil Rights] c. The GI Bill of Rights [1944 Serviceman’s Readjustment Act] d. Executive Order 10925 [1961 Fair Employment Practices Commission]

_____14. Karen Brodkin refers to educational and occupational GI benefits as affirmative action programs because they were decidedly not extended to: a. anyone other than African or Asian Americans. b. African Americans or to women of any race. c. Asian Americans or to women of any race. d. anyone other than former soldiers and the wives of soldiers.

_____15. According to Karen Brodkin, the Federal Housing Administration practiced what elaborate neighborhood rating system that placed the highest (green) value on all-white, middle-class neighborhoods and the lowest (red) on racially nonwhite or mixed and working-class neighborhoods? a. methodical discrimination c. orderly prevention b. systematic redlining d. logical denial

_____16. According to Judith Lorber, for the individual, gender construction starts with

the assignment to a sex category based on: a. the expectations of what people are supposed to be like. b. what the genitalia look like at birth. c. institutionalized genders assigned by the family of origin. d. clearly differentiated gender status as determined by culture.

_____17. What is reproduced by society’s view of how men and women should act, according to Lorber? a. the experiences and routines of normal verve b. the prejudices and habits of mundane routine c. the gendered practices of everyday life d. the biased observances of daily existence

_____18. What idea is a modern invention, according to Jonathan Ned Katz, dating to the late nineteenth century? a. gender-stratification c. heterosexuality b. socially constructed status d. gender construction

_____19. What key eight-year period represents “The First Years” of the heterosexual epoch in which the idea of the heterosexual and homosexual was initially and tentatively formulated by U.S. doctors, according to Hubbard? a. 1892 to 1900 c. 1882 to 1890 b. 1852 to 1860 d. 1862 to 1870

_____20. The published report on Sexual Behavior in the Human Male that found wide variations in sex concepts and behavior in the period from 1945 to 1965, according to Katz, was written by: a. Henry Bonner. c. Alfred Kinsey. b. Henry Thomas Brooks. d. Roy J. Clevenger.