week 6 hmgt 372 Response

 DEMONSTRATE CRITICAL THINKING IN THEIR QUESTIONS RELATED TO THE CLASSMATES’ DESCRIPTIONS.

Informed Consent

1. Kristain 

If doctors fail to obtain informed consent for non-emergency treatment, they may be charged with a civil offense like negligence or even battery. Informed consent is not only an ethical obligation for patients, it is also a legal obligation (findlaw.com, 2018). The bow-tie method is a great tool to help mitigate the risk of violating informed consent but I feel that the teach-back and show-me method helps break down patient care much easier (AHRQ, 2015). This method helps to improve patient understanding and adherence and it allows them to explain back to the provider, the information that was given, in their own words. 

When dealing with informed consent, the bow-tie analysis does not give steps to help the patient understand the type of care they are going through. I don’t think that it is ideal for this type of  violation. The bow-tie analysis could potentially help providers think about the risks and consequences if they do not use informed consent before providing care but it does not show providers techniques they could use to help patients understand the informed consent process.

As a HCO, I would implement brochures as a teaching tool for the patients to help them better understand the informed consent process. Providers will then carefully and thoroughly explain the process and then document in the patient’s health records. Healthcare organizations should ensure that their informed consent processes and forms include the state requirements governing informed consent and providers should know their state laws and align it with their policies accordingly (medprogroup, 2020).

 

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Q. (2015). Use the teach-back method: Tool #5. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.  https://www.ahrq.gov/health-literacy/improve/precautions/tool5.html

Find Law. (2018, December 3). Informed consent and unauthorized treatment. Findlaw.  https://www.findlaw.com/injury/medical-malpractice/unauthorized-treatment-and-lack-of-informed-consent.html

Medpro Group. (2020). Risk Management strategies for Informed Consent. The Leader In Healthcare Malpractice Insurance | MedPro Group.  https://www.medpro.com/documents/10502/2837997/Guideline_Risk+Management+Strategies+for+Informed+Consent.pdf

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2. Chennell

Critical Access Hospital (CAH)

Ethical Issues: Access to care 

SWOT Analysis

Strengths	Weaknesses
·       Accessibility   ·       Reduces The Patient Load of Rural Hospitals	·       Limited Services ·       Limited Number of Beds
Opportunities	Threats
·       To Increase Diversity in Healthcare   ·       Economic Advancement	·       Less Specialized Staff ·       Budget Cuts

Strengths:

Critical Access Hospitals provide patient access to quality healthcare by offering emergency medical services to individuals in rural communities.

Critical Access Hospital’s aid in accessibility to healthcare services for individuals in rural areas that would otherwise have to travel long distances for urgent care needs. Critical Access Hospitals also reduce rural hospital stressors which include financial liability, fatigued staff, and an overwhelming patient load.

Weaknesses:

Critical Access Hospitals give emergency medical services to people that live in rural communities. However, the outpatient and inpatient services that Critical Access Hospitals offer are limited to essential medical care services that fall under an umbrella comparable to urgent care services. This can cause issues if a sickly patient needs surgery and or major operation. Critical Access Hospitals are usually limited to a maximum of 25 beds which can cause a break in interaction between the organization (hospital) and the customers and result in poor patient satisfaction.

Opportunities:

Critical Access Hospitals offer massive opportunities for diverse work in the medical field. In a typical day, a clinician may treat chief complaints that range from hypertension to sport injuries, and they may see a variety of cases that range from from pediatric to geriatric care. Diversity in healthcare helps healthcare workers become well-rounded in all areas. Critical Access Hospitals can make room for economic advancements. The compact size of a Critical Access Hospital limits the number of supplies, personal protective equipment, delivery services, laboratory supplies, imaging equipment, etc that is needed on hand. This cuts back on overhead costs which creates financial space for increased advancement in quality patient care.

Threats:

 Since Critical Access Hospitals are compact and noticeably smaller than rural hospitals, they have fewer financial resources and less specialized staff compared to larger hospitals. Critical Access Hospitals do not perform major surgeries or procedures therefore, they do not have specialized staff on hand. This may create challenges for Critical Care Facilities if they experience patient’s that come in with these needs.  Decreased funding and budget cuts are continuous challenges that Critical Access Hospital’s experience often. Critical Access Hospitals rely on federal funding and budgets are often in flux. Since the government established the program in 1997, there have been many  changes and modifications  to Critical Access Hospital funding. These inconsistencies and consistent cuts create financial struggles that keep these hospitals from remaining open (XSOLIS, 2020).

The Importance of a SWOT analysis:

A SWOT analysis gives you a detailed, unbiased overview of your organization as a whole or a specific product or campaign. It can also help train your brain to consider every factor that could possibly affect your process, project, or business (Kuligowski, 2020). A SWOT analysis breaks down internal and external factors and compares the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of an organization. A SWOT analysis provides an organization with an effective picture on their current position and the improvements they need to make to succeed. According to Kuligowski (2020), a SWOT analysis doesn't provide an answer; rather, it provides a framework to help formulate an answer and allows organizations to see what opportunities they have, what weaknesses limit the company, the strengths they hold, and the threats their organization may face if they take the opportunities.

References:

Kuligowski, K. (2020, May 6). Why you need a SWOT analysis for your business. Retrieved from  https://www.business.com/articles/swot-analysis-for-small-business-planning/

XSOLIS Insights . (2020, November 17). Challenges & solutions for critical access hospitals. Retrieved form https://www.xsolis.com/blog/challenges-critical-access-hospitals

3. ORIGINAL POST

Bow-tie analysis

A specific legal violation in healthcare is whereby a nurse is assigned to practice in an area where they lack sufficient skills and training due to a shortage of nurses. It is a legal violation because nurses are only allowed to practice in the fields they are trained and qualified for (Kadivar et al., 2017).

Another effective tool HOCs use to assess risks is the decision tree. This assessment tool weighs various action procedures to ensure that the most effective procedure has been implemented (Priyanka & Kumar, 2020). The decision tree involves submitting several questions whereby multiple findings are derived. The results are then analyzed using a decision tree to identify the most effective course of action. A decision tree includes nodes that represent choices, and each branch represents an outcome for the choice (Priyanka & Kumar, 2020). The main contrast between the decision tree and the bow-tie analysis is that the latter not only assesses the risk but also helps to develop ways to reduce the risk. Unlike the decision tree, which only focuses on assessing the consequences of risks, a bow-tie analysis considers the causes of the risk, the consequences of the risk, and effective ways to mitigate the risk.

I would implement bow-tie analysis to prevent the legal violation of assigning nurses to practice in areas where they have no expertise. The method assesses many factors associated with the problem and can result in a better solution.

This analysis method would make it easy to identify the causes of the violation, which in this case is a shortage of nurses. Recognizing the consequences, such as medical errors, would also be accessible. Most importantly, it would help develop ways to reduce the risk, such as addressing nurse shortage (Abdi et al., 2016). The bow-tie analysis model and the decision tree can work in any setting.

 

References

Abdi, Z., Ravaghi, H., Abbasi, M., Delgoshaei, B., & Esfandiari, S. (2016). Application of bow-tie methodology to improve patient safety. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 29(4), 425-440. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.umgc.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsemr&AN=edsemr.10.1108.IJHCQA.10.2015.0121&site=eds-live&scope=site

Kadivar, M., Manookian, A., Asghari, F., Niknafs, N., Okazi, A., & Zarvani, A. (2017). Ethical and legal aspects of patient's safety: a clinical case report. Journal of medical ethics and history of medicine, 10, 15.Retrieved from https://www.ache.org/about-ache/our-story/our-commitments/ethics/ache-code-of-ethics/creating-an-ethical-culture-within-the-healthcare-organization

Priyanka, & Kumar, D. (2020). Decision tree classifier: A detailed survey. International Journal of Information and Decision Sciences, 12(3), 246-269. Retrieved from https://www.inderscienceonline.com/doi/abs/10.1504/IJIDS.2020.108141

VICKY

REPLY TO THIS QUESTION

Thanks for the post. What are some of the problems and limitations of using the Decision Tree? Explain.