Criminal justice

Djeneba11

Week6gender.pptx

Home >Law homework help >Criminal homework help >Criminal justice

Gender

Definitions

Socialization

Wage gap

Housework gap

‹#›

Sex and Gender

sex – biological term for anatomical, hormonal, and genetic characteristics that determine whether one if female or male

gender – socially constructed personal traits, social positions, and expectations that members of a society attach to being male or female

gender roles – attitudes and activities that society links to each sex

gendering – assigning gender roles, through socialization and social interactions

‹#›

Gender Socialization

Socialization: the process by which individuals internalize elements of the social structure, making those elements part of their own personality

Socializing agents: family, peers, media

‹#›

Gendered wage gap

gendered wage gap – men make more than women, on average, even when they have the same education, training, and hours worked

$.81, on average – worse for Black and Latino women

human capital theory – men make more than women, on average, because they have higher levels of education, training and hours worked – explains some but not all of the gap

‹#›

The Gender Pay Gap

‹#›

Explanations for wage gap

Occupational segregation–women and men are distributed among different jobs/industries

“Women’s jobs” pay less–occupations predominantly filled by women are paid lower wages compared with occupations predominantly filled by men

Within job wage discrimination – on average, women receive lower wages than men even within a given occupation/organization

‹#›

Male- and female-dominated fields

‹#›

Culture and policy solutions

encourage girls to go into traditionally male-dominated fields

comparable worth

increasing pay transparency and enforcement of anti-discrimination

Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act (2009)

Paycheck Fairness Act (2011)

Obama’s 2014 Executive Order

‹#›

Time Use in a Typical Day

‹#›

Gendered household division of labor

‹#›

Explanations for gendered housework

Exchange theory

Spouses exchange their time availability and relative resources.

The spouse making more money and/or doing more hours of paid work will be able to exchange that for doing less housework.

This should help the family function more productively.

Doing gender

By doing more/less housework, wives/husbands are fulfilling the role expectations for that social status.

We are acting out our social scripts for gender by displaying different behaviors/expectations/sanctions.

Feminism

Our gendered division of labor is a consequence of men continuing to have more power in the family and workplace, and is a cause of further gender inequality.

‹#›